双壳纲韧带文石纤维的纳米形貌及光学反射特征     

张刚生  李浩璇 《矿物岩石》2008,28(3)

采用场发射扫描电镜及微型光纤光谱仪对21种双壳纲韧带中文石纤维的纳米形貌及光学反射特征进行研究,经过对比分析及统计结果表明:形貌上,文石纤维是由约30 nm～80 nm的亚颗粒沿纤维轴向排列而成,呈串珠状结构;纤维横截面常呈近六边形或浑圆形,但棕带仙女蛤、砗蚝及粒帽蚶呈长六边形.纤维直径及相邻纤维间距与生物种类有关,变化范围分别为65 nm～222 nm及88 nm～214 nm.除了砗蚝及粒帽蚶韧带无光学反射外,其他韧带均存在位于可见光范围内单反射峰,并随湿润程度增大而增加,反射强度也增大主波长还发生红移,从而导致韧带的水致变色现象,变色范围为28 nm～145 nm.韧带文石纤维独特的纳米形貌及其复杂的水致变色现象的发现对生物的矿物学及光子学研究具有重要的意义.  相似文献   

A review on bivalve shell,a tool for reconstruction of paleo-climate and paleo-environment     

Hui Yan  Jie Chen  Jun Xiao 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(3):310-315

Environmental information can be extracted from bivalve shell geochemistry. In this review, the latest research progress and the existing problems as well as the focus of future research on stable oxygen and carbon isotopic composition and trace elemental ratios of bivalve shell were investigated. Oxygen isotopic signatures of bivalve shell have been proved precipitate in equilibrium with their host water and used as a robust tool to reconstruct ancient water temperature. In order to reconstruct quantitative paleo-temperature information, the future research on bivalve shell oxygen isotope should combine with the study of ancient water oxygen isotope. Metabolic effect pre- vents the direct application of stable carbon isotopic composition of bivalve shell from extracting dissolved inorganic carbon information. The contribution of metabolic carbon to bivalve shell is species specific. Stable carbon isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon could be reconstructed if the metabolic contribution could be accounted for. Explore ways to remove contribution of metabolic effects to bivalve shell is the future focus of the research. There is no consensus on the effect of temperature on bivalve trace element ratios, which may be also species spe- cific, each proxy should ideally be validated and calibrated for each species before being used to interpret past climate and environmental conditions. Future research needs to pay attention to the bivalve shell biomineralization process, which controlled bivalve shell trace element ratios. Cultivation experiment is an important way to obtain the relevant conclusions.  相似文献   

双壳纲软体动物含碳量及年度碳储量估算——以河北昌黎黄金海岸国家级自然保护区海域为例     

杨悦  王妍  朱浩然  刘宪斌 《海洋通报》2021,40(6):657-663

在2019年昌黎黄金海岸国家级自然保护区海域双壳纲软体动物调查的基础上,对该海域双壳纲软体动物含碳量进行了估算,同时分析了该保护区碳汇潜力与发展前景,以期为其他保护区海域碳储量估算提供参考依据.结果 表明,2019年昌黎自然保护区海域双壳纲软体动物含碳量约为391.79～ 414.54 t,等同于吸收了总量为1436.57～ 1520.00 t/a的CO2.年碳汇能力相当于21.80 ～ 23.07 ha的天然林地或23.47 ～ 24.83 ha的人工林地.按照2019年7个碳汇交易试点城市的平均交易价格计算,该保护区海域双壳纲软体动物每年产生的碳汇经济价值约为146677.6～155179.6元.今后应重点研究该保护区青岛文昌鱼及食物网其他层级含碳量及碳汇途径.  相似文献   

多棘海盘车对太平洋牡蛎、紫贻贝、菲律宾蛤仔摄食选择性的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘佳  张秀梅 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,(Z2):98-105

以多棘海盘车(Asterias amurensis)为试验对象,研究了多棘海盘车对3种双壳贝类的摄食选择性、摄食过程中用于搜寻和处理饵料生物的时间分配以及摄食机制等。试验以选择指数、捕食速率、日平均摄食率对多棘海盘车的摄食行为及搜寻和处理时间比进行了描述和统计。结果表明:各处理组多棘海盘车对菲律宾蛤仔的选择指数均为最高,占3种饵料生物的70%以上,显著高于太平洋牡蛎和紫贻贝(P<0.05),而各处理组对太平洋牡蛎的选择性均最低。多棘海盘车对菲律宾蛤仔的捕食速率和日平均摄食率显著高于太平洋牡蛎和紫贻贝。研究发现,在各处理组中多棘海盘车用于搜寻饵料生物的时间无显著差异,但随饵料密度的增加,用于处理饵料的时间逐渐减少。  相似文献   

西藏羌北地区早泥盆世地层的发现及平沙沟组的建立     

程立人  陈寿铭  张以春  程新 《地层学杂志》2009,33(2)

西藏羌北地区从未发现过有可靠化石依据的晚二叠世以前的沉积地层,是否存在这些地层是目前诸多地质工作者关注的问题之一。在西藏进行地质调查时,发现一套含双壳类Eoschizodus roemeri,E.minor,E.inflatus,Actinodesma(Actinodesma)cf.mallei forme,A.(Actindesma)cf.vespertilio等和腕足类Huananochonetes subquadratus等的地层,这些化石的分布时代均为早泥盆世晚期(Emsian)。据此,确定产上述化石的地层为下泥盆统上部,并命名为平沙沟组。这是在西藏羌北地区首次发现早泥盆世地层。证实了羌北地区有晚二叠世以前沉积地层的存在,为研究羌北地区古生代中期的构造活动、演化、古地理分布格局及古生物地理区划提供了新资料。  相似文献   

The oldest barnacle from the Caribbean is a rudist bivalve (Maastrichtian, Jamaica)     

Simon F. Mitchell 《Cretaceous Research》2005,26(6):895-897

Four new specimens of Euscalpellum? coatesi Donovan and Davis-Strickland from the Maastrichtian of Jamaica are described; two of these occur in association with the right valve of the rudistid bivalve Chiapasella radiolitiformis (Trechmann). This demonstrates that E.? coatesi is not a barnacle, but rather represents an unusual preservational state of the left valve of C. radiolitiformis retaining only the cellular inner part of the shell.  相似文献   

豫西早寒武世辛集组的一个双壳类   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈忆元  王自强 《地球科学》1985,(2)

本文所描述的双壳类卵形波杰特蛤(新种)Pojetaia ovata(sp.nov.)系采自河南方城杨楼辛集组上部灰岩之底部的碎屑灰岩层,位于Bergeroniellus层位之下。其时代应属早寒武世沧浪铺早期。可与澳大利亚南部产有Pojetaia runnegari Jell的地层相对比。本种是我国目前最低层位的双壳类。  相似文献   

Accumulation of cadmium by bivalves in the Pacific Northwest     

Leah I. Bendell-Young 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):72-72

Bivalves （mussels, scallops, oysters）, from the Pacific Northwest coast of British Columbia, Canada, contain high levels of cadmium, in some cases exceeding 7 μg/g wet weight of tissue. We have for the past 5 years, attempted to determine the source of this cadmium to these filter-feeding invertebrates, with our objective being that we would then be able to advise where bivalves could be cultured for human consumption such that cadmium accumulation by the bivalve was minimized. Our studies have indicated that there are distinct regional and temporal variations in bivalve cadmium residues. Some patterns in cadmium accumulation did occur, e.g. for bivalves located on the most outer westcoast of British Columbia, cadmium residues demonstrated some seasonal dependence. In general, however, variations could not be readily ascribed to food sources （oceanic versus terrestrial）, or to abiotic factors such as salinity and turbidity. Cadmium residues in oysters were negatively correlated with temperature supportive of a seasonal influence on measured cadmium concentrations.  相似文献   

The direct and indirect effects of suction dredging on a razor clam (Ensis arcuatus) population     

Robinson  R. F.; Richardson  C. A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(5):970-977

  相似文献   

湖北兴山峡口早三叠世双壳类生物地层及古群落分析     

李慧  童金南  任江波  张杰 《地球科学》2009,34(5):733-742

湖北兴山峡口剖面位于早三叠世中扬子碳酸盐缓坡较深水区域, 是我国海相二叠系-三叠系典型剖面之一.根据该剖面下三叠统大冶组地层中双壳类的垂直分布, 结合区域资料, 将该地区早三叠世早期双壳类划分为4个生物地层单位, 自下而上依次为: (1) Claraiastachei-C.griesbachi带; (2) Claraia concentrica-C.hubeiensis带; (3) Eumorphotis multiformis-E.in-aequicostata带; (4) Posidoniacircularis-P.cf.wengensis带.为了探讨生物群面貌与环境演变之间的关系, 根据双壳类的产出特征及其赋存岩石的沉积特征, 建立了3个化石群落: (1) Claraiaconcentrica-C.aurita群落; (2) Eumorphotis inaequicostata-E.multiformis群落; (3) Posidonia circularis群落.早三叠世早期双壳类群落演替, 反映了该地区早三叠世早Dienerian期海水曾一度变浅, 之后随着海侵的扩大, 水体逐渐加深.二叠纪末生物大灭绝后海洋环境动荡, 可能是早三叠世海洋生态系复苏过程延长的重要原因.   相似文献