吐哈盆地侏罗系层序地层学研究   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13  

沈守文  彭大钧  颜其彬  黄先律  李志军 《沉积学报》2001,19(2):263-270

吐哈盆地侏罗系是一个盆地充填层序 (一级层序 ),包括 4个构造层序 (二级层序 ),分别与侏罗纪湖盆的 4个演化阶段 (稳定沉降阶段、短期收缩阶段、扩张阶段和萎缩阶段 )相对应,其中又分为 13个 (三级 )层序。与海相地层不同的是,本区识别出了 4种层序边界类型 (A型、B型、C型和D型 ),其对应的层序本文分别称之为冲积层序、淹没层序、类Ⅰ型层序和类Ⅱ型层序。冲积层序形成于构造剧烈抬升时的盆地萎缩阶段,淹没层序形成于构造沉降迅速时的盆地扩张阶段.  相似文献   

东昆仑造山带东段昆中构造混杂岩带左旋斜冲韧性变形特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

梁斌  王国灿  张克信 《矿物岩石》2001,21(2):89-93

东昆中构造混杂岩带是经历了晚元古代、加里东末和晚海西期三次碰撞事件而形成的多旋回复合碰撞缝合带，通过对东昆中构造混杂岩带晚加里东期左旋斜冲韧性剪切变形的几何学、运动学及流变学特征的研究，探讨了其形成的构造背景，指出该期构造变形是东昆中加里东末碰撞事件的产物。  相似文献   

山东淄博地区奥陶系层序地层划分和层序界面的识别标志   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈建强  胡树庭  杨欣德 《现代地质》2001,15(3):247-253,T001

研究区为华北地台东部奥陶系发育最全的地区之一。区内出露下、中奥陶统 (两河口阶至宝塔阶 ,时限 4 95～ 4 4 5Ma)。岩石地层划分为三山子组和马家沟组。通过对野外剖面系统的观测 ,按碳酸盐岩台地层序地层的研究方法 ,识别出区内奥陶系 8个三级层序 (OSq1-OSq8)和 4种层序界面标志。平均每个三级层序延限约 6Ma ,OSq1由三山子组B段 (TST)和A段 (HST)组成。马家沟组含东黄山段、北庵庄段、土峪段、五阳山段、阁庄段、八陡段和新汶段。东黄山段至土峪段含 2个层序 (OSq2和OSq3 )。五阳山段和阁庄段包含 3个层序(OSq4 -OSq7)。八陡段 (TST)和新汶段 (HST)组成最上部一个层序 (OSq8)。通过与河北唐山等地区同期地层的对比 ,提出华北地台下、中奥陶统 (两河口阶至宝塔阶 )可划分为 11个三级层序 ,探讨了华北地台下、中奥陶统层序差异性的可能的控制因素。  相似文献   

Crustal structure in and around the region of the 1995 Kobe Earthquake deduced from a wide-angle and refraction seismic exploration     

Takeshi Ohmura  Takeo Moriya  Chengshi Piao  Takaya Iwasaki  Toshikastu Yoshi  Shin'ichi Sakai  Tetsuya Takeda  Kaoru Miyashita  Humihito Yamazaki  Kiyoshi Ito  Akira Yamazaki  Yoji Shimada  Katsuya Tashiro  Hiroki Miyamachi 《Island Arc》2001,10(3-4):215-227

Abstract The 1995 Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu) earthquake (M_JMA 7.2, M_w 6.9) occurred on Jan. 17, 1995, at a depth of 17 km, beneath the areas of southern part of Hyogo prefecture and Awaji Island. To investigate P-wave velocity distribution and seismological characteristics in the aftershock area of this great earthquake, a wide-angle and refraction seismic exploration was carried out by the Research Group for Explosion Seismology (RGES) . The profile including 6 shot points and 205 observations was 135 km in length, extending from Keihoku, Northern Kyoto prefecture, through Kobe, to Seidan on Awaji Island. The charge of each shot was 350–700 kg. The P-wave velocity structure model showed a complicated sedimentary layer which is shallower than 2.5 km, a 2.5 km-thick basement layer whose velocity is 5.5 km/s, overlying the crystalline upper crust, and the boundary between the upper and lower crust.
Almost all aftershock hypocenters were located in the upper crust. However, the structure model suggests that the hypocenters of the main shock and some aftershock clusters were situated deeper than the boundary between the upper and lower crust. We found that the P-velocity in the upper crust beneath the northern part of Awaji Island is 5.64 km/s which is 3% lower than that of the surrounding area. The low-velocity zone coincides with the region where the high stress moment release was observed.  相似文献   

An extremely large magnitude eruption close to the Plio-Pleistocene boundary: reconstruction of eruptive style and history of the Ebisutoge-Fukuda tephra, central Japan     

K. Kataoka  Y. Nagahashi  S. Yoshikawa 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2001,107(1-3)

An extremely large magnitude eruption of the Ebisutoge-Fukuda tephra, close to the Plio-Pleistocene boundary, central Japan, spread volcanic materials widely more than 290,000 km² reaching more than 300 km from the probable source. Characteristics of the distal air-fall ash (>150 km away from the vent) and proximal pyroclastic deposits are clarified to constrain the eruptive style, history, and magnitude of the Ebisutoge-Fukuda eruption.Eruptive history had five phases. Phase 1 is phreatoplinian eruption producing >105 km³ of volcanic materials. Phases 2 and 3 are plinian eruption and transition to pyroclastic flow. Plinian activity also occurred in phase 4, which ejected conspicuous obsidian fragments to the distal locations. In phase 5, collapse of eruption column triggered by phase 4, generated large pyroclastic flow in all directions and resulted in more than 250–350 km³ of deposits. Thus, the total volume of this tephra amounts over 380–490 km³. This indicates that the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of the Ebisutoge-Fukuda tephra is greater than 7. The huge thickness of reworked volcaniclastic deposits overlying the fall units also attests to the tremendous volume of eruptive materials of this tephra.Numerous ancient tephra layers with large volume have been reported worldwide, but sources and eruptive history are often unknown and difficult to determine. Comparison of distal air-fall ashes with proximal pyroclastic deposits revealed eruption style, history and magnitude of the Ebisutoge-Fukuda tephra. Hence, recognition of the Ebisutoge-Fukuda tephra, is useful for understanding the volcanic activity during the Pliocene to Pleistocene, is important as a boundary marker bed, and can be used to interpret the global environmental and climatic impact of large magnitude eruptions in the past.  相似文献   

Anisotropy of the apparent resistivity variation rate near the epicentral region for strong earthquakes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜学彬  阮爱国  范世宏  郝臻 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(3):303-314

IntroductionThe geo-electrical anisotropy before earthquake is of special significance for the prediction of earthquake location and for the research on crustal stress status near the epicentral region. The anisotropy has been studied from various aspects (CHEN, et al, 1983; QIAN, et al, 1985, 1996; LU, et al, 1990a; MAO, et al, 1995; RUAN, et al, 1999). But the anisotropic phenomena presented by geo-electrical data are not practically satisfactory and not clear as compared with the res…  相似文献   

Evolution of 3D tectonic stress field and fault movement in North China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈连旺  陆远忠  郭若眉  许桂林  张杰 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(4):371-383

IntroductionThe research on stress field interior the Earth is an either relative old or young branch of geoscience. Early in the 20th century, in order to learn the state of inner stress field, a few scholars had used simple ideal model to analyze big scale tectonic conformations and activities according to tide, gravity, rotation and inner thermal materials. So far, lots of problems on the state of the Earth stress field have not been solved completely yet. The origin of stress field, the d…  相似文献   

TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EFFECT OF SECONDARY FLOWS IN DEPTH AVERAGED MORPHODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS     

Andreas MALCHEREK Research Engineer  Federal Waterways Engineering  Research Institute 《国际泥沙研究》2001,16(2)

1 INTRODUCTIONThe numerical simulation of morphological changes in rivers, estuaries and coastal areas is because ofits econondcal merit an outstanding scientific task. The comPlexity of the problem is connected with theheterogeneity of the sediment material, an adequate rePresentation of the involved hydrOdynndc stressesand the large comPutational effort fOr long term simulations.Although the aPpllcation of three dimensional models tO engineering problems is increasing and wellvalldate…  相似文献   

Seismic Risk Maps of Taiwan Areasin the Period from 2001 to 2010     

Cheng Kuei-Hsiang 《中国地震研究》2001,15(3):311-320

INTRODUCTIONSeveMmethdsdPOtential analyslsfor medium－and short－termpredlctlon dl’l;lln shocks weredevelopedbaseduponthe pnnclpledInaccufatemeasurementoffOCfOCustheoryaMthepattemdmainshocks．These analytic methods can be used to predict strong earthop拙es In shallow layers on thesubducting plate boundeq In squeezed zones．More than a half of strong earthquakes In the world。located inthe shallow depth tthe suMuctingplate boundw In s仰eezed zones．This paPerfirst Statesthe philoso…  相似文献   

Geochemistry and magnetostratigraphy of deccan flows at Anjar, Kutch     

A. D. Shukla  N. Bhandari  Sheela Kusumgar  P. N. Shukla  Z. G. Ghevariya  K. Gopalan  V. Balaram 《Journal of Earth System Science》2001,110(2):111-132

Chemical analysis of nine Deccan flow basalts at Anjar, Kutch, western India, indicates that all, except the uppermost flow F-9, are alkaline. In their major and trace element composition, the alkali basalts resemble Ocean island basalts (OIB). Similarities of many diagnostic trace element ratios (e.g. Sm/Nd, Ba/Nb,Y/Nb and Zr/Nb) are similar to those found in the Réunion Island basalts. The uppermost basalt is tholeiitic and chemically resembles the least contaminated Deccan basalt (Ambenali type). The Anjar basalts have iridium concentration ranging between 2 and 178 pg/g. Some of these values are higher by about an order of magnitude compared to the Ir concentration in other basalts of the Deccan. A synthesis of chemical, palaeomagnetic and geochronologic data enables us to construct a chemical and magnetic stratigraphy for these flows. The three flows below the iridium enriched intertrappean bed (IT III) show normal magnetic polarity whereas all except one of the upper basalts show reversed magnetic polarity. The sequence seems to have started in polarity zones 31N and probably continued up to 28R or 27R. The results presented here support the view that Deccan volcanism in Kutch occurred on a time span of a few million years.  相似文献