考虑循环软化特性的饱和软土弹塑性本构关系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程星磊  王建华 《岩土力学》2015,36(3):786-794

将软化指数关系与非等向硬化模量场理论相结合,研究了可描述循环荷载作用下饱和软土软化特性的增量弹塑性模型。该模型借助硬化模量的插值和映射中心的移动,在偏应力空间中构造硬化模量的演化规则;通过在弹塑性模量插值函数中引入初始弹塑性模量软化系数,模拟循环荷载作用下软土的刚度软化特性;通过引入硬化模量调整系数,增强循环加载时应力-应变曲线的滞回特性;再通过引入反映应变累积速率和大小的模型参数,描述循环加载时软土的应变累积特性。利用Idriss提出的指数关系式近似拟合软化系数随应力循环次数的变化关系,并通过引入循环应力参数建立了循环软化系数与静应力水平和循环应力水平的关系。阐述了确定模型参数的方法,并利用模型预测了相关试验结果,通过预测结果与试验结果的对比,验证了该模型描述循环荷载作用下软土软化特性的可行性。  相似文献   

软土中浅埋法向承力锚位移破坏标准模型试验     

王建华  李一峰  程星磊 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):277-280

为确定浅埋软黏土中法向承力锚的位移破坏标准,利用实验室自行开发的电动伺服加载控制装置,对埋置在饱和软黏土中深度为3倍锚板宽度、系缆力角度为30°的法向承力锚模型进行了荷载和位移控制的静力加载试验。依据试验结果,以极限承载力与锚板宽度为参考,对锚板法向荷载与位移进行归一化处理,通过归一化曲线确定了法向承力锚的位移破坏标准,即破坏位移约为0.38倍锚板宽度。另外,依据锚板的尺寸、埋深及试验土体的强度条件,利用经验公式对锚的极限承载力进行了计算。结果表明,以该位移破坏标准确定的极限承载力与经验公式计算结果基本一致,两者相差均不超过10%,初步验证了该位移破坏标准的合理性。  相似文献   

循环荷载下考虑主应力旋转的软土力学响应研究     

邓鹏  郭林  蔡袁强  王军 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z2):148-156

目前用于轨道路堤分析计算的参数多是通过三轴试验获得,而列车荷载经过时土单元应力路径与循环三轴试验加载路径的显著差异可能导致预测失真而引发工程问题。针对某城市轨道进行了三维计算,并分析了移动列车荷载下土单元应力幅值、循环周数、主应力轴旋转的分布规律。在该基础上,采用空心圆柱循环扭剪试验对该复杂应力路径进行了模拟,研究了饱和软黏土的孔压及变形累积特性。结果表明,列车荷载经过时地基土单元大主应力将在(－90°, 90°)内发生旋转;该主应力轴旋转将显著促进软黏土孔压和应变的累积,竖向应力幅值为15 kPa时,循环扭剪试验产生的孔压值比循环三轴试验高77%,累积应变增大了近50%;随着循环应力水平提高,二者累积孔压及累积应变的差值还会进一步增大,甚至出现循环三轴下仅产生较小应变而循环扭剪下已破坏的本质性差异。  相似文献   

上海软土动剪切模量衰减规律的试验研究     

冷建  叶冠林  王建华  杜守继 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):387-391

为了获得上海软土在循环动力荷载作用下的动力特性,特别是动剪切模量的衰减规律,采用原状第④层上海软土进行等向固结不排水动三轴试验,分析了加载频率和动应力比 对动剪切模量的影响。试验结果表明,对于上海第④层软土,动应力比达到0.2时,土样才发生破坏;土样的剪切模量-累积轴应变曲线不受加载频率和动应力比的影响;剪切模量的衰减下降主要发生在轴应变0～1%区间。最后提出了一个描述剪切模量衰减规律的数学模型。  相似文献   

黏土中打入桩竖向承载力计算方法效果评价     

苏世定  杨仲轩  郭望波 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z2):389-393

准确预测打入桩的承载特性是一个重要的工程课题,特别是在近海工程中,如大型跨江海桥梁、风力涡轮机、港口和近海工程结构物平台等,这些重要结构物都将打入桩作为主要的基础形式,然而通过现场静载试验确定这类桩的承载力却十分有限。目前,国内外存在众多关于黏土中打入桩的竖向承载力计算方法,其中较为常用的有Furgo-96、NGI-99、ICP-05和UWA-13这4种设计方法。但将这些设计方法直接应用于工程设计和实践却仍然较少,其主要原因在于缺乏高质量的静载试验数据来评价这些设计方法的可靠性。因此,有必要搜集一个具有广泛代表性的桩基承载力静载试验数据库来客观评价上述设计方法的可靠性,用以帮助工程设计人员选择最适合的设计方法。基于这个目的,本研究在国际上一些常用数据库的基础上进行扩充整理,最终得到一个包含89根高质量打入桩静载荷试验数据的新数据库,称之为ZJU-ICL Clay数据库。采用上述4种设计方法预测ZJU-ICL Clay数据库的桩基承载力,并将预测结果与实测数据进行对比,应用统计方法,客观评价这4种方法的优缺点及可靠性。  相似文献   

Strain Rate-Dependent Consolidation Behaviors of Embankment With or Without Vertical Drains     

Yun-Tae Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):274-290

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Experimental Investigation of Unconfined Compression Strength and Stiffness of Cement Treated Salt-Rich Clay     

Zhang Dingwen  Fan Libin  Liu Songyu  Deng Yongfeng 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):360-374

Soft clay with high sodium chloride salt concentration is a problem encountered by geotechnical and highway engineers. Chemical stabilization using cement is an attractive method to improve the engineering properties of soft soil. However, very limited studies have been conducted to reveal the effect of salt concentration on the engineering properties of cement-stabilized soil and the reported results in literature are not consistent. The impact of sodium chloride salt on the strength and stiffness properties of cement-stabilized Lianyungang marine clay is studied in this study. The clay with various sodium chloride salt concentrations was prepared artificially and stabilized by various contents of Ordinary Portland cement. A series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests of cement stabilized clay specimen after 7, 14, and 28 days curing periods were carried out. The results indicate that a high sodium chloride salt concentration has a detrimental effect on the UCS and stiffness of cement-stabilized clay. The detrimental effect of salt concentration on the strength and stiffness of cement-stabilized clay directly relates to cement content. Soils mixed with high cement content are more resistant to the negative effect of salts than soils mixed with low cement content. The ratio of modulus of elasticity to UCS of cement treated soil does not have an obvious relationship with salt concentration. The findings of this study present a rational basis for the understanding of the impact of salt on the engineering properties of cement-treated soil.  相似文献   

Comparative mineralogy and geochemistry of hydrothermal iron‐rich crusts from the Pitcairn,Teahitia‐mehetia,and Macdonald hot spot areas of the S. W. pacific     

P. Stoffers  G. P. Glasby  D. Stuben  R. M. Renner  T. G. Pierre  J. Webb 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(1):45-86

Abstract

Hydrothermal iron‐rich crusts have been recovered from a number of hot spot volcanos including Crough Seamount, Pitcairn Volcanos 2 and 1, Cyana Seamount, Teahitia, Moua Pihaa, and Macdonald Seamount in the S. W. Pacific. Mineralogically, the crusts consists of ferrihydrite with traces of the weathering products of volcanic ash (feldspar, nontronite, pyroxene, and serpentinite). The iron oxyhydroxide phase has a mean particle size of 3–4 nm indicating rapid deposition. Electron microprobe studies have revealed the presence of filamentous iron‐silica deposits within the crusts reflecting the possible bacterial oxidation of iron from the hydrothermal fluids. The crusts display wide variability in composition both between individual sampling stations and between seamounts. Endmember analysis shows that the compositional data can be resolved into three endmembers: a Fe‐rich endmember, a light and heavy rare earth element endmember, and a Ba (barite)‐rich endmember. The Fe‐rich endmember appears to contain very low concentrations of most trace elements. For bulk samples, the composition of the iron‐rich crusts reflects dilution of the iron oxyhydroxide phase by volcanic ash and, to a lesser extent, a hydrogenous component. This is illustrated by the wide variability in SiO₂ (11.1–71.3%) and Mn (0.01–1.21%) contents of the crusts. For iron‐rich crusts containing greater than 40% Fe, the Pitcairn crusts display lower contents of Pb, Ba, Mo, U, Th, As, and rare earth elements (REE) and lower cerium anomalies than those from Teahitia. REE profiles of crusts from each of the hot spot volcanoes are characterized by small negative cerium anomalies but pronounced positive europium anomalies. The low average La/Fe ratios of the crusts from the various seamounts (47–572 X 10^‐6) and positive Eu anomalies of the crusts suggest rapid deposition of the iron oxyhydroxide near the hydrothermal vent. The high Fe/Mn ratio of vent fluids at hot spot volcanoes (8.5–5.6) may account for the formation of these iron‐rich crusts. The present data indicate that there may be differences in the nature of the iron‐rich crusts based on the depth of occurrence. This influences the temperature of the venting hydrothermal fluids and the possibility of occurrence of submarine phreatomagmatic eruptions.  相似文献   

Comparison of the Clay Fraction of Ariake Clay Determined by Japanese and ASTM Standards     

Anil Kumar Mishra  Aflakhur Ridlo  Masami Ohtsubo  Takahiro Higashi 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):110-116

This study compares the clay fraction percentage determined by Japanese standard JIS A1204/JGS 0131 and ASTM standard D422-63 for the clay samples obtained from the surface of sea bottom sediments in Ariake Bay, Japan. These two standards differ in the amount of dispersant to be added for the dispersion of soil suspensions. The Japanese and ASTM standards suggest adding sodium hexametaphosphate solution as the dispersant so that the final concentration of the dispersant in soil suspension for hydrometer test becomes 2 and 5 g/L, respectively. The test results indicated that the treatment by the Japanese standard gave less dispersion in the soil suspension compared to the ASTM standard, and hence resulted in the underestimation of clay fraction percentage of all the samples.  相似文献   

Behavior of a shallow plate anchor in clay under sustained loading     

B. M. Das 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):417-428

Laboratory model test results for the uplift of a shallow circular plate anchor embedded in a soft saturated clay are presented. For all tests the bottom of the anchor plate was vented to eliminate the mud suction force. The tests were divided into two categories: (1) short‐term tests to determine the variation of the net ultimate uplift capacity and hence the breakout factor with embedment ratio, and (2) creep tests with sustained uplift loads at varying embedment ratios. Based on the model test results, the variation with time, has been determined for the rate of strain of the soil located above the plate anchor. Empirical relationships for obtaining the rate of anchor uplift have been proposed.  相似文献