区域产业发展演化：路径依赖还是路径创造?   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

贺灿飞 《地理研究》2018,37(7):1253-1267

区域发展是区域产业不断演化、转型与升级的过程。近年来发展起来的演化经济地理学旨在通过分析企业进入、成长、衰退和退出等动态过程阐释企业、产业、集群、网络、城市和区域的空间演化,认为区域产业发展演化遵循路径依赖,并决定于产业技术关联。然而路径依赖式演化理论过于强调内生发展过程,忽视了外生因素和制度变革带来的路径创造机会。中国处于经济转型时期,区域产业结构变动剧烈。技术关联推动了区域产业演化,显示中国区域产业演化具有路径依赖性,同时市场化、全球化和分权化的经济转型过程为区域产业发展创造了新路径。外部联系、制度安排、行为主体的战略性行为等促进了路径创造。  相似文献   

Interaction in the artistic knowledge creation process: The case of artists in Finnish Lapland     

《Geoforum》2015

This paper contributes to the need in economic geography to understand temporal interactions and sources of new knowledge in such interactions in the knowledge creation process. The focus is on eleven international artists who live in peripheral locations in Finnish Lapland, where spatial and temporal disconnections easily evolve. The paper considers the meaning of such disconnections, as well as human–object interaction. The processes are analysed through the spatio-temporal framework of object, communicative and cognitive spaces, and linear and relational times.The empirical research into knowledge creation in economic geography lacks views of peripheries, artistic knowledge and the consideration of the process in the ‘here and now’. These views are needed to meet the challenge of understanding knowledge creation processes in various fields and contexts. The main materials of this ethnographic case study – interviews, observation and videotaping of the artists working – are analysed using content analysis.The results show the central position of objects in interactions of artistic knowledge creation. The two main modes of temporal interactions are (re)searching and (dis)connecting. In the early stages, continuous and wide (re)searching includes returning in time that addresses the framework for developing artwork. The artists living in peripheries benefit from disconnections based on geographical isolation. The moments of (dis)connections between the field and artist, object-cognitive spaces and dimensions of time are sources of new knowledge. Some connections might prevent knowledge creation. Therefore, objects, temporality and the cognitive space of interpreted messages are important to acknowledge when studying interactive knowledge creation.  相似文献   

Reedbed evapotranspiration rates in England     

P. M. Fermor  P. D. Hedges  J. C. Gilbert  D. J. G. Gowing 《水文研究》2001,15(4):621-631

Measurements of evapotranspiration from contrasting stands of Phragmites australis [ET(Reed)] were obtained over several years at three sites within England between 1994 and 1998. A comparison with published ET(Reed) values showed the UK rates to be considerably lower than those measured in continental Europe. From the ET(Reed) data monthly crop coefficients [K_c(Reed)] have been developed, which when used with Reference Crop Evapotranspiration will enable reedbed water use to be determined. Due to the differences in study site characteristics, values for K_c varied widely, and it was not considered appropriate to combine results to produce a single set of monthly mean values. However, suggestions are made regarding the application of the K_c(Reed) values to wetland design. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Modeling repulsive gravity with creation     

R. G. Vishwakarma  J. V. Narlikar 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2007,28(1):17-27

There is a growing interest among cosmologists for theories with negative energy scalar fields and creation, in order to model a repulsive gravity. The classical steady state cosmology proposed by Bondi, Gold & Hoyle in 1948, was the first such theory which used a negative kinetic energy creation field to invoke creation of matter. We emphasize that creation plays a very crucial role in cosmology and provides a natural explanation to the various explosive phenomena occurring in local (z < 0.1) and extra galactic universe. We exemplify this point of view by considering the resurrected version of this theory — the quasi-steady state theory, which tries to relate creation events directly to the large scale dynamics of the universe and supplies more natural explanations of the observed phenomena. Although the theory predicts a decelerating universe at the present era, it explains successfully the recent SNe Ia observations (which require an accelerating universe in the standard cosmology), as we show in this paper by performing a Bayesian analysis of the data.  相似文献   

Resolving the Degeneracy: Experimental Tests of the New Self Creation Cosmology and a Heterodox Prediction for Gravity Probe B     

Garth A. Barber 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,305(2):169-176

The new theory of Self Creation Cosmology has been shown to yield a concordant cosmological solution that does not require inflation, exotic non-baryonic Dark matter or unknown Dark Energy to fit observational constraints. In vacuo there is a conformal equivalence between this theory and canonical General Relativity and as a consequence an experimental degeneracy exists as the two theories predict identical results in the standard tests. However, there are three definitive experiments that are able to resolve this degeneracy and distinguish between the two theories. Here these standard tests and definitive experiments are described. One of the definitive predictions, that of the geodetic precession of a gyroscope, has just been measured on the Gravity Probe B satellite, which is at the present time of writing in the data processing stage. This is the first opportunity to falsify Self Creation Cosmology. The theory predicts a ‘frame-dragging’ result equal to GR but a geodetic precession of only 2/3 the GR value. When applied to the Gravity Probe B satellite, Self Creation Cosmology predicts an E–W gravitomagnetic/frame-dragging precession, equal to that of GR, of 40.9 milliarcsec/yr but a N–S gyroscope (geodetic + Thomas) precession of just 4.4096 arcsec/yr.  相似文献   

浅论道家思想对玉雕创作的指导意义     

赵显志 《地质科学译丛》2013,(3):93-96

道家思想对于玉雕创作有很强的现实指导意义,主要表现在取法自然、无为与有为、“阴阳”与“和合”的关系这三个方面。俏色巧雕是遵从取法自然这一准则的最显而易见的雕刻手法。有为和无为是针对两种不同的审美取向而分别衍伸出的两种不同的创作指导思想,前一种是追求玉雕创作的人工美,后一种是追求自然美。在玉雕上,“阴阳”与“和合”的思想表现得很也明显。在画面构图方面,雕刻对象有主有次,有远景,有近景,需要安排得当,以得到整体的和谐。从文化的范畴来讲,在玉雕作品将道家思想内化的同时,道家思想也借玉雕这一绝佳的载体展现出其独特的内涵和魅力。  相似文献   

湿地公园植被专项规划     

屈亚潭 《湿地科学与管理》2008,4(3):21-23

湿地公园规划是目前规划设计部门开始涉及的新领域。湿地植被在湿地公园中有着重要的意义与作用。植被专项规划作为湿地公园规划的重要组成部分,还没有一个科学的方法作为指导。本文从水禽生境营造的角度进行植被专项规划探讨,具体阐述湿地公园植被专项规划途径与方法,以期开展更深的研究。  相似文献   

干热岩资源和增强型地热工程:国际经验和我国展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

许天福  袁益龙  姜振蛟  侯兆云  冯波 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(4):1139-1152

干热岩（HDR）是一种没有水或含有少量水的高温岩体,保守估计地壳中3~10 km深处干热岩所蕴含的能量相当于全球所有石油、天然气和煤炭所蕴藏能量的30倍。增强型地热系统（EGS）是指通过水力压裂等工程手段在地下深部低渗透性干热岩体中形成人工地热储层,采出相当数量热能的人工地热系统。EGS的研究与开发已有40年的历史,但早期只局限在美国、英国、法国、日本、澳大利亚等国家,我国这方面的研究于近几年起步。目前干热岩的开发面临诸多挑战,如大体积人工裂隙热储的建造、实现EGS商业化需要进一步研究和技术开发等。本文回顾分析了国际上重要EGS示范场地建设和研究过程中所取得的经验和积累的教训,讨论了我国近几年的研究进展,希望为我国今后EGS研究和工程化示范提供参考和借鉴。  相似文献   

Gamma-ray burst investigation via polarimetry and spectroscopy (GRIPS)     

《Experimental Astronomy》2009,23(1):91-120

The primary scientific goal of the GRIPS mission is to revolutionize our understanding of the early universe using γ-ray bursts. We propose a new generation gamma-ray observatory capable of unprecedented spectroscopy over a wide range of γ-ray energies (200 keV–50 MeV) and of polarimetry (200–1000 keV). The γ-ray sensitivity to nuclear absorption features enables the measurement of column densities as high as 10²⁸cm^− 2. Secondary goals achievable by this mission include direct measurements of all types of supernova interiors through γ-rays from radioactive decays, nuclear astrophysics with massive stars and novae, and studies of particle acceleration near compact stars, interstellar shocks, and clusters of galaxies. See for the authors’ affiliations.  相似文献   

日常生活中的诗意栖居——论《刘荒田美国小品》的人生哲学     

刘永丽 《吉林地质》2009,(4)

刘荒田散文小品展示出对理性化、程序化日常生活的认同。但他并不就此屈服于日常生活的枯燥、乏味。他指出,在被规范化的日常社会中发挥自由的意志,保持心灵的自在状态,这是使生命丰富、使人避免个性丧失的最好方式。用创造、用激情赋予生命以意义,让生命中的每一个看似平淡的细节都充满诗意,这是刘荒田散文中所透露出的生存哲学。  相似文献