延怀盆地活动断裂运动与现代构造应力场   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

谢富仁  张红艳  崔效锋  荆振杰  李瑞莎 《地震地质》2007,29(4):693-705

延怀盆地包括延矾、怀涿两个相互连通的次级盆地.野外地震地质调查和断裂滑动观测表明:延矾盆地NE向活动断裂以右旋走滑为主,兼具正断层分量;怀涿盆地NE向活动断裂以正断为主,兼具右旋走滑分量;盆地内NW向断裂以左旋走滑为主,兼具正断层分量.采用野外观测取得的10个测点337条活断层擦痕数据,利用由断层滑动资料反演构造应力张量的方法,计算获得了研究区现代构造应力场的主要特征:延矾盆地现代构造应力场以NEE-近EW向挤压、NNW向-近SN向拉张为主要特征,应力结构均为走滑型.其最大主压应力(σ1)方向为N74°～88°E,平均倾角18 °;最小主压应力(σ3)方向为近SN,近水平;中间主应力(σ2)倾角较陡,近垂直.怀涿盆地以NNW向拉张为主要特征,应力结构为正断型为主.其最大主压应力(σ1)平均倾角68°,近垂直;中间主应力(σ2)倾角较缓,最大的不超过35°;最小主压应力(σ3)方向为NNW-近SN向,近水平.断层滑动反演的结果与北京及周边地区由震源机制解资料反演分析结果基本一致.  相似文献   

溪洛渡电站左岸谷肩堆积体（IV区）稳定性评价     

付海新  严明 《四川地震》2007,(3):1-12

在研究了溪洛渡水电站左岸谷肩堆积体物质组成和结构的基础上,结合施工过程中的变形监测信息,对目前变形明显的IV区边坡应用失稳模式进行了分析。我们选取了两条具代表性的剖面,采用极限平衡方法,在天然和地震两种工况下对边坡的稳定性系数进行了计算,然后以计算结果为依据对其稳定性进行评价。结果显示:自然坡体在两种计算工况下皆处于稳定状态,并具有较高的安全储备,开挖后坡体仍然具有一定的稳定性,但从满足工程边坡安全度的要求出发,对边坡进行及时支护是必要的。  相似文献   

青藏高原中西部航磁异常的匹配滤波分析与构造意义   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

贺日政  高锐  郑洪伟  张季生 《地球物理学报》2007,50(4):1131-1131

利用匹配滤波方法重新解释了青藏高原中西部航磁ΔT化极异常数据.结果显示，青藏高原中西部地区的区域场与局部场分离的最佳深度大约为19 km，结合其他地球物理证据分析认为，该深度是上、中地壳间的重要分界面.分离后的区域场特征表明，在青藏高原中部存在一个北北东向的负异常带.该航磁负异常带显示，大量的热异常导致了青藏高原下的原始岩石圈地幔底部发生了热退磁作用.不论是区域场还是局部场都显示了班公湖－怒江缝合带南侧存在一个重要的隐伏断裂带（大致沿革吉北－改则南－错勤北－申扎北）.  相似文献   

基于线弹性位错模型反演1997年西藏玛尼M_w7.5级地震的干涉雷达同震形变场——Ⅱ滑动分布反演   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

孙建宝  石耀霖  沈正康  徐锡伟  梁芳 《地球物理学报》2007,50(5):1390-1397

1997年11月8日西藏M_w7.5级玛尼地震是干涉雷达技术应用于地震观测以来的一次重要事件.在第一部分中，我们应用广泛使用的Okada线弹性位错模型，假设断层的各个分段滑动量均匀，反演得到断层各个分段的几何参数和均匀滑动量.本部分的反演进一步去除滑动均匀假设，并利用更能反映断层真实状态的角形元位错模型（线弹性），在第一部分反演得到断层几何的基础上，反演断层面的静态位错分布.反演结果表明，线弹性滑动分布模型能够更好地解释观测数据，进一步提高反演的数据拟合程度.最终得到了断层面上的走滑和倾滑位错分布.首次得到的断层面滑动分布显示断层面滑动在浅部（0～12 km）比较集中，地震破裂长度约170 km，最大左旋走滑位移达4.8 m；反演结果还表明局部段落存在较大倾滑位移，量值达到1.9 m，这在断层模型中是不能忽略的，它可能是断层两侧形变不对称的原因之一；反演得到的标量地震矩为2.18×10²⁰ N·m，相当于矩震级M_w7.5，与Velasco等利用地震波形反演得到的结果一致.  相似文献   

闪电定位资料对仪征储油罐雷灾成因的分析应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

冯民学  罗慧  焦雪 《气象科学》2007,27(6):679-684

本文根据多普勒天气雷达回波与闪电定位仪资料,结合雷电现场进行实地勘查的结果,探讨2006年8月7日发生在扬州市仪征油罐雷电灾害事故。综合分析发现当时强对流回波达55 dBz、顶高14 km;在距油罐1 km范围内有闪电13次,负电荷集聚、强度多在20~50 kA之间。此次雷灾事故的直接致灾原因是强大的感应雷电脉冲电流在储油罐罐体与浮顶两根连接电缆上产生较大的电压,导致储油罐罐体与浮顶之间在密封处产生闪络,引起油汽外泄燃爆成灾。为减少此类雷电灾害的发生,提出防护建议。  相似文献   

瞬态面波法在滑坡体勘探中的应用     

林锦霞  林厚龙  林明海 《福建地质》2007,26(4):266-269

多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探技术是近几年来快速发展起来的高新技术,在滑坡体工程勘察中具有广泛的应用前景.介绍多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探原理及技术方法,并通过工程勘察实例,说明多道瞬态瑞雷波法应用于滑坡体勘察的可行性与有效性.  相似文献   

Experimental analysis and modelling of shallow landslides   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Lorella Montrasio  Roberto Valentino 《Landslides》2007,4(3):291-296

The paper presents the results of some experimental tests reproducing the triggering mechanism of a special kind of shallow landslides induced by rainfalls (soil slip) in a physical 1-g model. The experimental data have been employed to verify the capability of a simplified stability model to describe the phenomenon and to back-analyse its occurrence in a case history (Pizzo d’Alvano, Campania Region 1998). The method enables a direct correlation between the safety factor of a slope and rainfall intensity, as well as antecedent rainfalls.  相似文献   

A grid-search inversion method looking for the best classification of polyphase fault/slip data     

Yehua Shan  Faxiong Gong  Zian Li  Ge Lin 《Tectonophysics》2007,433(1-4):53-64

A novel, grid search-based stress inversion method is developed in this paper to find the global minima in the solution region for the classification of fault/slip data into many single-phase subsets. Exhaustively repetitious grid searches are taken to deal with possible local minima, in a departure from existing grid search-based inversion methods. Two stopping rules, to stop at the abrupt change of the objective function or at the least change of the classification, are adopted in the method to look for the best classification. Much calculation time is saved by using a modified version of conventional grid search. The feasibility of this proposed method is demonstrated by applying it to two artificial examples and two real examples. However, enormous time in calculation is still needed in the case of a data set either with a large number of data or for a large number of assigned subsets.  相似文献   

The 1980, 1997 and 1998 Azores earthquakes and some seismo-tectonic implications   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J.F. Borges  M. Bezzeghoud  E. Buforn  C. Pro  A. Fitas 《Tectonophysics》2007,435(1-4):37-54

We have studied the focal mechanisms of the 1980, 1997 and 1998 earthquakes in the Azores region from body-wave inversion of digital GDSN (Global Digital Seismograph Network) and broadband data. For the 1980 and 1998 shocks, we have obtained strike–slip faulting, with the rupture process made up of two sub-events in both shocks, with total scalar seismic moments of 1.9 × 10¹⁹ Nm (M_w = 6.8) and 1.4 × 10¹⁸ Nm (M_w = 6.0), respectively. For the 1997 shock, we have obtained a normal faulting mechanism, with the rupture process made up of three sub-events, with a total scalar seismic moment of 7.7 × 10¹⁷ Nm (M_w = 5.9). A common characteristic of these three earthquakes was the shallow focal depth, less than 10 km, in agreement with the oceanic-type crust. From the directivity function of Rayleigh (LR) waves, we have identified the NW–SE plane as the rupture plane for the 1980 and 1998 earthquakes with the rupture propagating to the SE. Slow rupture velocity, about of 1.5 km/s, has been estimated from directivity function for the 1980 and 1998 earthquakes. From spectral analysis and body-wave inversion, fault dimensions, stress drop and average slip have been estimated. Focal mechanisms of the three earthquakes we have studied, together with focal mechanisms obtained by other authors, have been used in order to obtain a seismotectonic model for the Azores region. We have found different types of behaviour present along the region. It can be divided into two zones: Zone I, from 30°W to 27°W; Zone II, from 27°W to 23°W, with a change in the seismicity and stress direction from Zone I. In Zone I, the total seismic moment tensor obtained corresponded to left-lateral strike–slip faulting with horizontal pressure and tension axes in the E–W and N–S directions, respectively. In Zone II, the total seismic moment tensor corresponded to normal faulting, with a horizontal tension axis trending NE–SW, normal to the Terceira Ridge. The stress pattern for the whole region corresponds to horizontal extension with an average seismic slip rate of 4.4 mm/yr.  相似文献   

Geometrical analysis of mesoscopic shear zones in the crystalline rocks of MCT zone of Garhwal Higher Himalaya   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hari B. Srivastava  Nihar R. Tripathy 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2007,30(5-6):599-612

The crystalline rocks of the MCT Zone of Garhwal Higher Himalaya exhibit well-preserved mesoscopic shear zones. Majority of these shear zones are of ductile and brittle ductile type with both sinistral and dextral sense of movement. Detailed analysis of mesoscopic shear zones reveals that sinistral shear zones exhibit a strike variation from NNE to ENE and dextral shear zones exhibit variation from NNW to WNW directions thus forming a conjugate pair. The bisectors of statistically preferred orientations of the two sets of the shears indicate that they generated due to NNE–SSW horizontal compression. These dextral and sinistral shear zones exhibit strike–slip geometry developed during progressive ductile shearing.  相似文献