桂林丫吉岩溶区土壤有机碳和pH值与钙形态分布的关系初探   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨慧  陈家瑞  梁建宏  曹建华 《地质论评》2017,63(4):1117-1126

钙是岩溶环境的主要构成元素,是决定岩溶生态系统的结构和功能的关键要素之一。为研究岩溶区土壤有机碳和p H值与钙形态分布的关系,在桂林丫吉岩溶试验场以3个月为周期共2年的时间采集自然植被土壤,利用BCR方法对钙形态进行了研究,结果表明:(1)岩溶区各形态钙中以酸溶态钙含量最多,占土壤全钙的61.63%,表明岩溶区石灰土中钙活跃的迁移状态和生物作用,钙在石灰土中具有较高的活度。并且各形态钙的大小顺序为酸溶态可还原态残渣态可氧化态;(2)除可氧化态钙与土壤有机碳的相关性不显著外,各形态的钙与土壤有机碳之间均呈极显著正相关的关系(P0.01);与土壤有机碳类似,除可氧化态钙与p H值呈不显著的负相关关系外,其余土壤钙形态与p H值均呈极显著正相关关系(P0.01)。(3)利用冗余分析可以对各形态钙与有机碳和p H值的关系大小进行排序,各形态钙与有机碳和p H的关系大小顺序均为:可还原态钙酸溶态钙残渣态钙可氧化态钙。研究结果有助于更清晰的了解钙在岩溶生态系统中的分布和运动特征,为深入理解岩溶区钙循环提供基础数据。  相似文献   

金属离子种类对珊瑚砂微生物固化影响研究     

宋平  方祥位  李洋洋  李捷  申春妮 《海洋科学》2017,41(7):87-93

选用巴斯德芽孢杆菌,对微生物诱导钙离子、镁离子以及铁离子形成碳酸盐固化松散珊瑚砂颗粒的效果进行对比研究。试验结果表明,在相同试验方法、相同注入次数的条件下,微生物诱导形成的碳酸钙和碳酸镁能将珊瑚砂松散颗粒固化成为整体,加入铁离子的试样因为反应过程的原因没有成功。通过渗透性、干密度变化、无侧限抗压强度及微观结构等方面进行对比分析,钙离子试样相对于镁离子试样,具有固化过程平稳、干密度增量大、强度高、微观颗粒包裹更好的优点。综合试验结果得出,钙离子是现阶段微生物固化珊瑚砂较为理想的金属离子。本试验首次探讨了金属离子种类对珊瑚砂微生物固化效果的影响,为微生物固化技术提供了一定理论基础,对该技术的进一步应用具有一定借鉴意义。  相似文献   

外源激素对二龄圆斑星鲽卵巢发育诱导效果的初步研究          下载免费PDF全文

徐永江  柳学周  王妍妍 《海洋科学进展》2013,31(2)

为了认识2龄雌性圆斑星鲽的生殖特性和生殖潜力,采用注射外源激素诱导方法,研究了外源激素鲑鱼促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)、促黄体素释放激素类似物(LHRH)诱导2龄雌鱼卵巢发育的效果.结果表明:两种外源激素以GnRH对卵母细胞成熟的诱导效果为好,经外源激素诱导后,有约30％实验鱼的卵巢部位可见相对明显的隆起,组织切片观察显示,实验鱼卵母细胞可达到5时相早期,但未能发生水合作用而成熟,表明2龄圆斑星鲽对外源激素的诱导应答效应较弱;外源激素诱导后,血浆中性类固醇激素(雌二醇和睾酮)的表达水平显示显著升高,96 h后表达水平下降恢复至正常水平;同时发现,激素诱导实验鱼的肝细胞直径增加,表明外源激素诱导可能部分启动了卵母细胞发育成熟所需卵黄蛋白物质的发生和转化过程.未能获得亲鱼产卵,可能是由于2龄人工亲鱼内分泌成熟调控系统对外源激素的响应机制未完全建立所导致.研究结果为认识人工养殖条件下圆斑星鲽的生殖特性及生殖潜力评价提供了理论支持和技术依据.  相似文献   

高膨胀性钠基膨润土的制备     

王伯勋  王峰  傅兴玉  王继库 《吉林地质》2009,28(2):83-85

利用钠盐对钙基膨润土进行人工钠化,在活化剂的催化作用下,使钠改性膨润土具有较高的膨胀性能,当尿素添加量达15%时,改性膨润土的膨胀指数、膨胀倍和胶质价可分别达到26 ml/2g,91 ml/g和420 ml/15g,此时效果最佳。  相似文献   

超分散剂的合成及其在微细CaSO4粉体改性中的应用表征     

王少会  李宏武  潘静懿  卢尚琨  张蓓蓓  周正发  徐卫兵 《矿物学报》2009,29(1)

以硅烷为锚固基团(A段),丙烯酸丁酯为溶剂化链(B段),合成了超分散剂YB系列,研究了它对微细CaSO4粉体在液体石蜡中的沉降体积和粘度的影响。结果表明:YB系列超分散剂对CaSO4粉体有很好的分散和降粘作用,当锚固基团与溶剂化链摩尔比为1:10时,超分散剂用量为粉体质量的1%的情况下分散和降粘效果最佳,YB-2超分散剂的改性效果要优于F-2钛酸酯偶联剂和硬脂酸。同时通过对改性前后粉体做了扫描电镜(SEM)和红外光谱(FT-IR)检测,对比显示改性后的CaSO4粉体表面连接了有机基团。  相似文献   

Calcium Isotopic Fractionation and Compositions of Geochemical Reference Materials   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Fang Liu  Hong L. Zhu  Xin Li  Gui Q. Wang  Zhao F. Zhang 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2017,41(4):675-688

High‐precision calcium isotopic compositions of a set of geological reference materials from the IAG (OU‐6), ANRT (UB‐N), MPI‐DING, USGS and GSJ, relative to NIST SRM 915a, are reported here. Measurements were performed by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (Triton instrument) using a ⁴²Ca–⁴³Ca double spike. δ^44/40Ca values of selected reference materials, mainly felsic rocks, are reported for the first time. Felsic rock values of δ^44/40Ca ranged from 0.13‰ to 1.17‰, probably implying Ca isotopic fractionation could occur during magma evolution. δ^44/40Ca values of ultramafic rocks, ranging from 0.74‰ to 1.51‰, were positively correlated with MgO and negatively with CaO contents, possibly owing to Ca isotopic fractionation during partial melting. δ^44/40Ca of intermediate‐mafic rocks were around 0.78‰ and displayed limited variation, suggesting Ca isotopic fractionation is insignificant during magma evolution processes. As expected, δ^44/40Ca of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks varied widely due to complex geological processes.  相似文献   

The effect of low-level kelp supplementation on digestive enzyme activity levels in cultured abalone Haliotis midae fed formulated feeds     

A Nel  BI Pletschke  PJ Britz 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(2):175-182

Previous studies have found that macroalgal inclusion in formulated diets for cultured abalone improves feed utilisation, and it was suggested that seaweed-associated bacteria supply enzymes that aid in the animal's digestion. In the present study, we hypothesised that kelp supplementation in formulated feed affects the profile of digestive enzymes in farmed Haliotis midae. Commercially reared sub-adult abalone fed a kelp-supplemented (Ecklonia maxima; 0.88% dry weight) or kelp-free control feed were collected for analysis of the amylase, alginate lyase, laminarinase, fucoidanase and protease activities in the gut. Levels of polysaccharidase and protease activity did not significantly differ between the diet treatments. However, enzyme-activity levels were more variable in abalone fed the kelp-free diet as compared with those fed the kelp-supplemented diet (coefficients of variation: 73%, 48.3–60.2% and 31.9% [control diet] versus 42.7%, 13.6–33.8% and 14.6% [KS diet] for amylase, macroalgal polysaccharidases and acid protease activity, respectively). We suggest that the presence of dietary kelp modulates the abalone's gut bacteria and their nutrient exchange. Proteomic identification of proteins in abalone gut sections showed that exogenous enzymes associated with the gut microbiome aid in bacterial utilisation of digested molecules, whereas abalone endogenous enzymes degrade the macronutrients in formulated feeds.  相似文献   

砂土渗流微生物诱导封堵试验研究     

龚逸非 《地质灾害与环境保护》2019,30(1):102-105

针对传统的堵漏防渗方法施工深度小、地层适应性差,对环境有害等问题,采用了巴氏芽孢杆菌诱导碳酸钙沉积的微生物封堵防渗的方法。研究活化巴氏芽孢杆菌诱导产生碳酸钙可以对砂土的渗透系数造成明显改变,通过CT扫描可以明显得到注菌前后的孔隙率变化从而验证分析微生物封堵渗漏的效果。试验表明,砂土中微生物诱导封堵技术能够将渗漏源探查和封堵合二为一,具有很强的实用价值。  相似文献   

Combination of ICP-AES and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis as Effective Methods for Studying Distribution of Elements in Soil and Plants     

Irina Shtangeeva  Antti Vuorinen  Bernd Rietz  Liisa Carlson 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2001,25(2-3):299-306

A detailed characterisation was carried out for soil sampled from sites with different levels of contamination before and after the cultivation of oats and barley. Mineralogical composition, concentration of exchangeable cations, dynamics of soil pH and acid neutralisation buffer capacity of the soil were studied. A total of 21 elements in the soil and 28 elements in the plants were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Distribution of Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in soil leachates was studied by sequential leaching procedure and ICP-AES. It was found that plants significantly affect most of the soil characteristics including the leaching of heavy metals.  相似文献   

木兰山蓝片岩中两种文石的产出特征及其动力学意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵文俞  刘嵘等 《地球科学》2001,26(6):568-573

微米－纳米尺度显微超显微研究表明，木兰山蓝片岩中存在微米级粒间文石和亚微米级文石包裹体，它们是木兰山蓝片岩快速折返动力学机制的证据。并指出木兰山蓝片岩区硬柱石和绿纤石等Ca-Al硅酸盐矿物的缺失与本区变质流体中CO2浓度较高和（或）岩石中含方解石／文石有关。  相似文献