华南伊迪卡拉(震旦)系顶部建阶层型和界线层型新资料     

唐烽  高林志  尹崇玉  王约  顾鹏 《地质通报》2015,34(12):2150-2162

新元古代与寒武纪之交,即伊迪卡拉纪—寒武纪过渡期,是地球历史上一个重大的地质突变期,出现了一系列地质环境变化事件和生物快速演化事件。云南东部位于扬子地区西南缘,在前寒武纪—寒武纪过渡期属于开放式浅水台地至台缘斜坡环境,是中国伊迪卡拉(震旦)系顶部与底寒武统基本连续沉积的典型地区,也曾是中国震旦系与寒武系界线层型候选剖面所在地。近年来,在此新发现了更为丰富的宏体藻类化石、遗迹化石和伊迪卡拉生物群的疑似后生动物化石等(江川生物群),以及大量以条带状Shaanxilithes为代表的宏体化石层。相关剖面自下而上从灯影组至磷矿沉积层(中谊村段)出露有连续的宏体化石记录,研究后可以细分伊迪卡拉系顶部灯影峡阶的化石带,并与底寒武统晋宁阶、梅树村阶对接,具有作为标准层型剖面的较大潜力,为伊迪卡拉纪末期年代地层单位的建阶分层、对比及确立层型剖面,以及与寒武纪最早期年代地层的界线划分提供了更为理想的标准。  相似文献   

Stable isotopic signatures of the modern land snail Eremina desertorum from a low-latitude (hot) dry desert—A study from the Petrified Forest,New Cairo,Egypt     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2015,75(1):65-72

This study was conducted on recent desert samples—including (1) soils, (2) plants, (3) the shell, and (4) organic matter from modern specimens of the land snail Eremina desertorum—which were collected at several altitudes (316–360 m above sea level) from a site in the New Cairo Petrified Forest. The soils and shell_{E. desertorum} were analyzed for carbonate composition and isotopic composition (δ¹⁸O, δ¹³C). The plants and organic matter_{E. desertorum} were analyzed for organic carbon content and δ¹³C. The soil carbonate, consisting of calcite plus minor dolomite, has δ¹⁸O values from −3.19 to −1.78‰ and δ¹³C values −1.79 to −0.27‰; covariance between the two values accords with arid climatic conditions. The local plants include C3 and C4 types, with the latter being dominant. Each type has distinctive bulk organic carbon δ¹³C values: −26.51 to −25.36‰ for C3-type, and −13.74 to −12.43‰ for C4-type plants.The carbonate of the shell_{E. desertorum} is composed of aragonite plus minor calcite, with relatively homogenous isotopic compositions (δ¹⁸O_mean = −0.28 ± 0.22‰; δ¹³C_mean = −4.46 ± 0.58‰). Most of the δ¹⁸O values (based on a model for oxygen isotope fractionation in an aragonite-water system) are consistent with evaporated water signatures. The organic matter_{E. desertorum} varies only slightly in bulk organic carbon δ¹³C values (−21.78 ± 1.20‰) and these values suggest that the snail consumed more of C3-type than C4-type plants. The overall offset in δ¹³C values (−17.32‰) observed between shell_{E. desertorum} carbonate and organic matter_{E. desertorum} exceeds the value expected for vegetation input, and implies that 30% of carbon in the shell_{E. desertorum} carbonate comes from the consumption of limestone material.  相似文献   

From matters of fact to places of concern? Energy,environmental movements and place-making in Chile and Thailand     

《Geoforum》2015

As demand for energy is growing and resources become scarcer, energy increasingly becomes the site of heated controversies. In Latour’s terms, energy turns from a “matter of fact” into a “matter of concern”. In these energy controversies, environmental movements frequently play a central role, highlighting what is at stake in these developments. While these movements have often been studied, these studies rarely focus on the interaction between controversies, environmental movements, and place-making. In this article, we not only argue that energy is frequently turned from matter of fact into a matter of concern, but that this argument also extends to the notion of place. As such, energy controversies turn villages, cities, or regions themselves into “places of concern”. The article delves deeper into the production of places of concern through two case studies of energy controversies around power plants: a proposed coal plant in Bo Nok, Thailand, and HidroAysen, a hydropower project in Chilean Patagonia. We specifically focus on the issues that were opened up for debate in both countries, and on the role of environmental movements in the production of these places. Our examples are based on fieldwork and interviews in these two areas, as well as media and document analysis. While the two cases are from two different countries, we nonetheless find surprising parallels between them. These insights are instrumental to link theoretical debates on controversies and place-making. Moreover, they provide empirical insights into the transformative and lasting effects of energy controversies on people and places.  相似文献   

Non-state governance and climate policy: the fossil fuel divestment movement     

Julie Ayling  Neil Gunningham 《Climate Policy》2013,13(2):131-149

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聂尔库组植物化石新材料及其地层意义     

郑少林  张武 《国土资源》1989,(1)

聂尔库组分布于辽宁东北部新宾县南杂木一带的苏子河盆地,为一套河湖相砂页岩沉积。该组含有较丰富的动、植物化石,但由于系统采集和研究不够,自建组以来,在地层时代和对比方面迄今仍是众说纷云。作者通过系统采集,共获植物亿石12属13种,化石组合面貌与英国威尔登植物群可以比较;与辽西的海州组、辽北—吉中营城组、黑龙江东部的穆棱组植物组合亦很相似,其时代大体相当于早白垩世尼殴克姆晚期。文中对我国首次发现的属种作了描述。  相似文献   

Validation and Application of Plants as Biomonitors of Trace Element Atmospheric Pollution – A Co-Ordinated Effort in 14 Countries     

B. Smodiš  M. L. Pignata  M. Saiki  E. CortÉs  N. Bangfa  B. Markert  B. Nyarko  J. Arunachalam  J. Garty  M. Vutchkov  H. Th. Wolterbeek  E. Steinnes  M. C. Freitas  A. Lucaciu  M. Frontasyeva 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2004,49(1-3):3-13

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) organized a co-ordinated research project (CRP) on Validation and application of plants as biomonitors of trace element atmospheric pollution analysed by nuclear and related techniques involving 14 participating countries. The CRPs objective was to identify appropriate bioindicators for local and/or regional application and validate them for general air pollution monitoring. Activities included quantification studies, research into spatial and time resolution for particular organisms, and physiological studies. A number of suitable bioindicators were identified in different parts of the globe and tested during the CRP. Sampling strategies were reviewed and the recommended approach adopted by the group. Appropriate sample preparation procedures were assessed and harmonised to the degree allowed by different geographic and climatic conditions in the participating countries. Two interlaboratory comparison exercises were carried out on lichen and moss materials. Results confirmed definite improvement in analytical performance of the participating laboratories, but also revealed possible inconsistencies due to different sample processing procedures. Several monitoring surveys were carried out and consequently pollution maps drawn for extended areas or countries. Overall results confirmed applicability of lower plants for assessing the degree of atmospheric pollution and provided several countries with effective monitoring tools not used before.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘中侏罗统延安组植物群与古气候分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

葛玉辉  孙春林  刘茂修 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,36(2):164-168

鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘中侏罗统延安组为一套以河流滨湖相沉积为主的中粒中细粒长石砂岩、粉砂岩(泥质粉砂岩)、黑色页岩、粘土岩夹煤层。其中产大量的植物化石,计20属39种。经分析认为,这个植物群是一个属于我国北方区以Coniopteris-Phoenicopsis为代表的中侏罗世早期植物群,植物群组合反映鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘中侏罗世为偏潮湿的暖温带气候。  相似文献   

翠湖湿地公园水生植物资源及其保护与管理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李晓光 《湿地科学与管理》2012,(4):23-26

翠湖湿地公园是北京市唯一一家国家级城市湿地公园。2009-2012年水生植物资源调查结果显示:翠湖湿地公园有水生植物52种,隶属于24科37属;其中挺水植物物种最多,其次是沉水植物和浮叶植物,漂浮植物种类最少。在这些水生植物中,不仅包括北方湿地的典型植物物种,而且还具有重点保护的珍贵稀有物种,如莲、芡实、茭白、花蔺、黑三棱等,以及急需得到保护的狸藻和水鳖。根据湿地植物类型应采取相应的管理和保护措施,保持翠湖湿地公园生态系统的健康。  相似文献   

北京翠湖湿地维管束植物多样性及保护对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王艳龙 《湿地科学与管理》2012,8(3):26-28

结合北京地区湿地植物相关研究和翠湖湿地维管束植物调查结果,对翠湖湿地的维管束植物进行分类、整理和分析。结果显示:翠湖湿地有维管束植物306种,隶属76科228属,占北京市维管束植物总数的17.1%。翠湖湿地分布有多种国家级和北京市级重点保护野生植物,如野大豆Glycine soja、芡实Euryale ferox、茭白Zizania latifolia、花蔺Butomus umbellatus等。翠湖湿地还统计到外来和入侵植物共计13种,如豚草Ambrosia artemisiifolia、凤眼莲Eichhornia crassipes等。翠湖湿地维管束植物多样性丰富,需加强植物多样性保护和管理以及科普教育。  相似文献   

1991-2010年中国大陆化石能源消费的CO₂排放研究（英文）     

祁悦  谢高地 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2012,(4):324-329

本文采用IPCC推荐的表观消费量法计算了中国大陆30省区1991到2010年化石能源消费产生的CO2排放,发现:(1)排放总量由 2293.01Mt 增长到 7467.77Mt;(2)煤炭消费的排放比重最高达到79.98%;(3)人均排放量由 1.98t 增长至 5.57t;(4)CO2排放强度显著降低,由6.66 kg USD-1降至1.07kg USD-1,近年来趋于稳定;(5)区域发展不平衡始终存在,根据省际数据,在一些落后地区经济增长过度依赖于化石能源消费。关于CO2高排放,中国已经做出承诺并采取了行动。基于对可持续发展和全球气候变化不确定性的综合考虑,健康的产业结构、化石能源集约利用,以及区域发展平衡应更加受到重视。  相似文献