STOCHASTIC SEISMIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TUNED LIQUID COLUMN DAMPERS     

A. Y. J. WON  J. A. PIRES  M. A. HAROUN 《地震工程与结构动力学》1996,25(11):1259-1274

The seismic performance of Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (TLCDs) for the passive control of flexible structures is investigated using random vibration analysis. A non-stationary stochastic process with frequency and amplitude modulation is used to represent the earthquake strong motion, and a simple equivalent linearization technique is used to account for the non-linear damping force in the TLCD. The governing equations of motion for the structure TLCD system are formulated and reduced to a first-order state vector equation, from which the differential equation for the system response covariance matrix is obtained. The TLCD performance is evaluated on the basis of selected structural response statistics, namely, the expected maximum and root-mean-square displacements, and root-mean-square absolute accelerations and interstorey shears. A parametric study and sensitivity analysis are conducted to assess the TLCD performance and identify critical design parameters. Illustrative examples are presented using SDOF and MDOF shear-beam structural models, a wide-banded stationary random base acceleration and two non-stationary random input ground motions representative of long- and short-duration ground accelerations with significant low-frequency content.  相似文献   

Optimal placement of dampers for passive response control     

Mahendra P. Singh  Luis M. Moreschi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(4):955-976

The effectiveness of viscous and viscoelastic dampers for seismic response reduction of structures is quite well known in the earthquake engineering community. This paper deals with the optimal utilization of these dampers in a structure to achieve a desired performance under earthquake‐induced ground excitations. Frequency‐dependent and ‐independent viscous dampers and viscoelastic dampers have been considered as the devices of choice. To determine the optimal size and location of these dampers in the structure, a genetic algorithm is used. The desired performance is defined in terms of several different forms of performance functions. The use of the genetic approach is not limited to any particular form of performance function as long as it can be calculated numerically. For illustration, numerical examples for different building structures are presented showing the distribution and size of different dampers required to achieve a desired level of reduction in the response or a performance index. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

土压平衡盾构施工的顶进推力模型试验研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

朱合华  徐前卫  廖少明  于宁  傅德明  吴祥松 《岩土力学》2007,28(8):1587-1594

在盾构的掘削过程中,千斤顶顶进推力是一个重要的施工参数,它不仅决定着施工速度,而且还影响着刀盘的切削扭矩、转动速度等其他参量。但是,目前对千斤顶顶进推力的变化规律,尤其是土体与盾壳之间摩擦阻力的研究还不够深入。以上海地区粉砂地层为参照原型,借助于模型试验方法,通过对盾构机工作参数和地层特性参数进行不同的组合试验,研究了土压平衡盾构推进过程中顶进推力变化的规律,以及土体与盾壳之间摩擦作用的机理及其影响因素。在此基础上推导了盾构千斤顶顶进推力的计算公式。  相似文献   

High magnetic susceptibility produced by thermal decomposition of core samples from the Chelungpu fault in Taiwan   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Wataru Tanikawa  Toshiaki Mishima  Tetsuro Hirono  Wonn Soh  Sheng-Rong Song 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2008,272(1-2):372-381

We carried out thermomagnetic susceptibility analyses of fault rocks from core samples from Hole B of the Taiwan Chelungpu Fault Drilling Project (TCDP) to investigate the cause of high magnetic susceptibilities in the fault core. Test samples were thermally and mechanically treated by heating to different maximum temperatures of up to 900 °C and by high-velocity frictional tests before magnetic analyses. Thermomagnetic susceptibility analyses of natural fault rocks revealed that magnetization increased at maximum heating temperatures above 400 °C in the heating cycle, and showed three step increases, at 600 to 550 °C and at 300 °C during the cooling cycle. These behaviors are consistent with the presence of pyrite, siderite and chlorite, suggesting that TCDP gouge originally included these minerals, which contributed to the generation the magnetic susceptibility by thermomechanical reactions. The change in magnetic susceptibility due to heating of siderite was 20 times that obtained by heating pyrite and chlorite, so that only a small fraction of siderite decomposition is enough to cause the slight increase of the susceptibility observed in the fault core. Color measurement results indicate that thermal decomposition by frictional heating took place under low-oxygen conditions at depth, which prevented the minerals from oxidizing to reddish hematite. This finding supports the inference that a mechanically driven chemical reaction partly accounts for the high magnetic susceptibility. A kinetic model analysis confirmed that frictional heating can cause thermal decomposition of siderite and pyrite. Our results show that decomposition of pyrite to pyrrhotite, siderite and, to some extent, chlorite to magnetite is the probable mechanism explaining the magnetic anomaly within the Chelungpu fault zone.  相似文献   

基于动摩擦应力下调滑移弱化机制，利用地表破裂同震位移约束2001年昆仑山口西MS8.1地震破裂传播速度          下载免费PDF全文

史保平  杨勇 《地震学报》2008,30(3):217-229

利用2001年昆仑山口西MS8.1地震现场观测所提供的地表破裂同震位移数据,使用简单滑移弱化破裂模型,估算了发震主断层上的破裂传播速度. 该模型中考虑了断层破裂时动摩擦过程中应力上调和下调机制对地震波辐射能量分配的影响. 对比Bouchon和Valleacute;e有关昆仑山口西地震主断层破裂传播速度超过剪切波速度,甚至达到P波速度的结果, 采用动摩擦应力下调时的滑移弱化模型 (分数应力降模型),结果表明,伴随较高的地震波辐射效率,主断层的平均破裂传播速度等于或小于瑞利波速度,这与许力生和陈运泰的体波反演结果,以及陈学忠震源应力场估算的结果是一致的. 最后,联系到由地表破裂现象所反映出的断层力学特征,如与视应力相关的分数应力降 (动摩擦应力下调), 基于滑移弱化模型, 讨论了可能的震源破裂机制.   相似文献   

台湾某钢框架大楼采用阻尼器补强结构减震效果评析     

林增吉  吕西林  章红梅 《地震工程与工程振动》2008,28(2):122-130

阻尼器是一种效果良好的减震装置,将阻尼器安装于结构中能够适时为结构体系提供阻尼力,从而减小地震作用对结构的破坏。黏滞阻尼器对振动的反应比较敏感,在结构受到较小振动时就可以发挥其减震效果,其阻尼力会随着振动周期和使用状态温度的不同而变化。当地震发生时,安装在结构中的阻尼器会消减地震作用,降低传导到主结构体系的地震能量,减小结构相对位移。本文介绍了黏滞阻尼器的工作原理和安装有黏滞阻尼器的结构体系的阻尼比的计算方法,对减震结构的减震效果的评析方法做出探讨,并以一安装有黏滞阻尼器的台湾某既有钢框架结构为例,分析了(1)该结构在遭受地震作用时的地震反应;(2)该结构体系在不同地震作用水平时的阻尼比,包括主体结构阻尼比和黏滞阻尼器阻尼比;(3)结构安装黏滞阻尼器后的减震效果。实例对本文的减震评析方法和减震效果进行了说明和分析,计算及分析结果表明利用黏滞阻尼器加固既有结构能够取得较好的减震效果,本文所提减震效果评析方法是一种实用有效的评析方法,对类似工程的减震评析具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

利用MTMD和MTLD控制拱桥振动试验研究     

韩西  李磊  钟厉 《地震工程与工程振动》2008,28(5)

本文以金沙江通阳大桥的振动控制为研究背景。结合有限元分析手段,利用MTMD控制拱桥竖向振动、MTLD控制拱桥侧向振动。对比例为1∶50的模型拱桥进行试验研究,测试结果表明,拱桥的竖向最大减振效果能够达到36.03%,侧向最大减振效果能够达到38.6%,总体控制效果令人满意。  相似文献   

土工合成材料界面摩擦特性的室内剪切试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐超  廖星樾  叶观宝  李志斌 《岩土力学》2008,29(5):1285-1289

采用自行研制的直剪仪和斜板仪研究了3种粗糙程度的HDPE（高密度聚乙烯）膜分别与砂土、土工布及土工复合材料之间的界面摩擦特性,进行了高垂直应力的直剪试验和低垂直应力下的斜板试验。通过对试验数据进行分析比较,认识了一些HDPE膜界面摩擦特性的变化规律及其影响因素,并对直剪试验结果与斜板试验结果之间的差异进行了初步的研究。  相似文献   

Fail-safe optimization of viscous dampers for seismic retrofitting     

Nicolò Pollini 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(15):1599-1618

This paper presents a new optimization approach for designing minimum-cost fail-safe distributions of fluid viscous dampers for seismic retrofitting. Failure is modeled as either complete damage of the dampers or partial degradation of the dampers' properties. In general, this leads to optimization problems with large number of constraints. This may result in high computational costs if all the constraints are simultaneously considered during the optimization analysis. Thus, to reduce the computational effort, the use of a working-set optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper. The main idea is to solve a sequence of relaxed optimization subproblems with a small subset of all constraints. The algorithm terminates once a solution of a subproblem is found that satisfies all the constraints of the problem. The retrofitting cost is minimized with constraints on the interstory drifts at the peripheries of frame structures. The structures considered are subjected to a realistic ensemble of ground motions, and their response is evaluated with time-history analyses. The transient optimization problem is efficiently solved with a gradient-based sequential linear programming algorithm. The gradients of the response functions are calculated with a consistent adjoint sensitivity analysis procedure. Promising results attained for 3-D irregular frames are presented and discussed. The numerical results highlight the fact that the optimized layout and size of the dampers can change significantly even for moderate levels of damage.  相似文献   

Sampled-data H2 optimal output feedback control for civil structures     

Seshasayee Ankireddi  Henry T. Y. Yang 《地震工程与结构动力学》1999,28(9):921-940

An optimal control method involving sampled data is considered for use in earthquake and wind engineering applications. The structure is modelled as a continuous system attached to a discrete-time controller using zero-order sample-and-hold devices. Examples of two buildings with active base isolators and a 163 m tall planar frame with an active mass damper are considered. The buildings with the base isolators are subjected to excitation input using the 1940 El Centro earthquake (NS component) as an example, while the planar frame is subjected to assumed sinusoidal gusts with a period close to that of the frame. The controlled responses (with and without time delays) are studied. To further analyze the features of the control designs, the building examples with base isolators are subjected to five other different earthquake excitation records. Trends in control performance and effectiveness are presented and discussed. The results suggest that such systems are potentially suited for implementation in the vibration control of civil infrastructures; such potentiality becomes more realistic with the current trends in software development and the increased use of digital computers. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献