Stream invertebrate community functional responses to deposited sediment   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Charles F. Rabení  Kathy E. Doisy  Leanna D. Zweig 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2005,67(4):395-402

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广州市地铁沿线地下商业空间的利用对比分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

黄莹莹  陈忠暖  陈渠 《云南地理环境研究》2006,18(4):84-89

选取广州市与地铁站出口相连的天浚和流行前线地下商业街为研究对象，运用市场研究中消费者行为分析和实地考察的方法，分别对二者的特征、消费者属性进行比较并对地下商业街与消费者属性之间的关系进行分析，得出4点结论：（1）区位条件是影响零售业布局的关键因素；（2）历史悠久、建筑风格独特、服务功能多样、基础设施完备、环境舒适、管理有序的商业街更易受顾客青睐；（3）不同的消费群体在对商业街的选择上表现出不同的偏好；（4）地铁将带动快速、简易的消费模式。  相似文献   

Functional substitution of coordination polyhedron in crystal structure of silicates     

叶大年  D.Pushcharovsky  施倪承  马哲生  赫伟  李哲 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(8):702-708

On the bases of the study of comparative crystal chemistry of silicates it has been concluded that the octahedra and square pyramids of Ti-0 and Zr-0 play functional role of tetrahedra of Si-0 in the construction of crystal structures. Therefore, those silicates may be named titano-and zircono-silicates. Because of the functional similarity of coordination polyhedra, the structures of cristobalite and feldspar have been compared with those of perovskite and garnet, respectively. As a new concept, the functional replacement of tetrahedra by octahedra and/or pyramids is defined by the authors of this paper for favorable comparison of relative crystal structures.  相似文献   

模块化设计初探          下载免费PDF全文

吴允成 《探矿工程》1996,(1):45-48

介绍了部分国外钻机模块化设计概况及该方法在本企业的应用情况。模块化设计方法设计出的钻机，其功能具有可组合性，能进一步满足市场的不同需求。对于多品种小批量生产，运用模块化设计及管理，并结合运用成组技术及ＣＡＤ等，可缩短产品的设计及生产周期，使企业获得类似批量生产的经济效益。  相似文献   

The ?resund Area: Pre- and post-bridge cross-border functional integration: The bi-national regional question     

Christian Wichmann Matthiessen 《GeoJournal》2004,61(1):31-39

Copenhagen in Denmark and Malmö in Sweden were connected in 2000 by the 18- km fixed Öresund link. This meant that the time distance-barrier was reduced dramatically and that the land-sea bottleneck was eliminated. High-profile pre-bridge expectations of a new regional development regime towards a functionally integrated, bi-national region are assessed in this paper. The paper relates to the continuing discussion on development of border-regions and bi-national cities. Data on cross-Öresund flows of people and vehicles, together with data on migration and commuting, indicates a modest post-bridge shift in the development of functional integration. The Öresund Area development towards a bi-national, integrated, functional urban region is in progress, but the progress is much slower than expected.  相似文献   

Use of biological traits for interpreting functional relationships in large rivers     

Arne Haybach  Franz Schll  Bernd Knig  Fritz Kohmann 《Limnologica》2004,34(4):451-459

Altogether 64 predominantly biological traits were coded for more than 600 macroinvertebrate species from European rivers. The main question was: Are biological traits able to reflect “biological functionality” in large rivers and if so, is it possible to deduce an assessment system based on functionality? Analysis of the raw trait structure of all species indicates that these traits are not completely independent from their higher systematic units. To avoid mis-interpretations when judging from mixtures of habitats (β-biocoenosis) we used for our investigations only sample series from -biocoenosis, pre-tested by a mathematical criterion of homogeneity. Within -biocoenosis, traits are shown to be able to compensate for drastic changes with respect to species number and species composition along a river continuum, demonstrating their functional quality. Long-term changes in the trait and species structures of German waterways were studied using multivariate methods, based on an analysis of 142 sampling series. A shift from traits typical for K-strategists to traits typical for r-strategists was detected to be the main background variable. The rK-strategy is regarded as a true functional character of species. We calculated the relative positions of all trait-coded species on this rK-scale, and plotted the functional diversity of our samples against the structural diversity of the species from several river systems. Rivers extremely dominated by r-strategists show a deficit in functional diversity. Rivers dominated by K-strategists also show deficits, possibly in concordance with modern ecological theories such as the intermediate disturbance theory. The quantitative proportions of extreme r- to K-Strategists in -biocoenosis can be used as a general disturbance measure.  相似文献   

Functional series TARMA modelling and simulation of earthquake ground motion     

G. N. Fouskitakis  S. D. Fassois 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(2):399-420

The non‐stationary Functional Series time‐dependent autoregressive moving average (TARMA) modelling and simulation of earthquake ground motion is considered. Full Functional Series TARMA models, capable of modelling both resonances and antiresonances, are examined for the first time via a novel mixed parametric/non‐parametric estimation scheme, and critical comparisons with pure TAR and recursive ARMA (RARMA)‐recursive maximum likelihood (RML) adaptive filtering type modelling are made. The study is based upon two California ground motion signals: a 1979 El Centro accelerogram and a 1994 Pacoima Dam accelerogram. A systematic analysis, employing various functional subspaces and model orders, leads to two Haar function based models: a TARMA(2,4)₈ model for the El Centro case and a TARMA(6,2)₁₀ model for the Pacoima Dam case. Both models are formally validated and their simulation (synthesis) capabilities are demonstrated via Monte Carlo experiments focusing on important time domain signal characteristics. The Functional Series TAR/TARMA models are shown to achieve parsimony, as well as superior accuracy and simulation capabilities, over their RARMA counterparts. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献   

Numerical Reliability for Mixed Methods Applied to Flow Problems in Porous Media     

H. Hoteit  J. Erhel  R. Mosé  B. Philippe  Ph. Ackerer 《Computational Geosciences》2002,6(2):161-194

This paper is devoted to the numerical reliability and time requirements of the Mixed Finite Element (MFE) and Mixed-Hybrid Finite Element (MHFE) methods. The behavior of these methods is investigated under the influence of two factors: the mesh discretization and the medium heterogeneity. We show that, unlike the MFE, the MHFE suffers with the presence of badly shaped discretized elements. Thereat, a numerical reliability analyzing software (Aquarels) is used to detect the instability of a matrix-inversion code generated automatically by a symbolic manipulator. We also show that the spectral condition number of the algebraic systems furnished by both methods in heterogeneous media grows up linearly according to the smoothness of the hydraulic conductivity. Furthermore, it is found that the MHFE could accumulate numerical errors if large jumps in the tensor of conductivity take place. Finally, we compare running-times for both algorithms by giving various numerical experiments.  相似文献   

西藏那曲地区畜牧业生态系统功能评价     

李祥妹 《山地学报》2002,20(6):701-705

畜牧业生态系统功能评价是进行草地系统保护与管理、防治草地退化的前提，是畜牧业系统优化和持续发展的根本。为此，以西藏自治区那曲地区草地为研究对象，通过设立评价指标，建立多因子评价模式，采用三角分析法对区域内畜牧业生态系统的社会、经济、生态功能进行综合评价。为区域畜牧业未来发展提供依据。  相似文献   

1835—2017年广州主城区建筑高度的结构及其演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙武  欧阳睿康  陈翔  孙靓  朱琳琳  崔锋艳  任燕妮 《地理科学》2021,41(3):454-462

根据数据源的特点,采取不同的技术路线,分别解译恢复了1835—2017年6个时期大比例尺广州主城区的用地类型和建筑高度。围绕建筑高度空间分异、高度重心迁移和建筑高度的抬升,分析1835年以来广州主城区建筑高度的演变。研究表明：① 1835—1907年属于王权主导下的围城结构,高度4~5 m,中心与外围差异不大。② 1928年以来建筑高度的演变具有现代城市的特点。尽管主城区的范围、几何中心与各个时代城市CBD中心发生了大的迁移,但1928—2017年高度呈圈层向外递减,且能持续强化。③ 1990年起,用地功能类型对应的建筑高度开始出现差异化,从而丰富了城市建筑组合类型。④ 建筑重心高度沿珠江北岸在向东迁移的过程中,1928—1960年抬升小,平面扩展突出;但随后的1990—2017年2个时代表现出垂直方向的强烈抬升,主城区由低层、多层建筑进入到现代高层建筑的阶段。主城区建筑高度的结构与演变依赖于“依山傍水”平原型城市的地理格局、城市规划以及市场力量3方面的共同作用。  相似文献