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81.
采用滞弹性近似研究了WAVE-CISK下对称性扰动的谱点分布,得到了WAVE-CISK下对称不稳定扰动谱点分布的半圆定理,用其可估计该对称不稳定增长率的上界.发现存在WAVE-CISK时加热反馈和层结参数对该不稳定的增长率均有重要影响.WAVE-CISK加热反馈越强、基流的垂直切变越大,扰动的垂直结构越简单则该不稳定增长率的上界就越大.存在WAVE-CISK时滞弹性近似下的对称不稳定发生的条件也较Boussinesq近似下的更苛刻. 相似文献
82.
83.
多次透射公式的一种稳定实现措施 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
基于对双曲偏微分议程数值解稳定性的GKS(Gustafsson,Kreiss and Sundstrom)准则的物理解释,本文提出了在波动模拟中多次透射公式飘移失稳的一个简单措施,并用波源问题和散射问题的数值试验检验了建议的稳定措施的有效性。 相似文献
84.
85.
理查逊数和晴空颠簸的关系 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对切变气流中重力内波的稳定性进行了数值计算,结果表明,判别晴空颠是否发生的临界Ri数随波长,层结稳定度和基本气流变强度的不同而有所变化,预报业务中用Ri〈0.25作为预报晴空的指标易出现空报。 相似文献
86.
The stability of a simple coupled ocean-atmosphere system similar to the one studied by Hirst with general ocean thermodynamics
is investigated in which the atmospheric heating is determined by sea surface temperature anomalies as well as the convergence
feedback (low level moisture convergence by the waves themselves). It is shown that the unstable coupled mode found by Hirst
(UH mode) is profoundly modified by the convergence feedback. The feedback increases the unstable range of the UH mode and
can increase its growth rate several folds. The maximally growing UH mode can become westward propagating for certain strength
of convergence feedback. If the convergence feedback strength exceeds a critical value, several new unstable intraseasonal
modes are also introduced. These modes are basically ‘advective’ modes. For relatively weak strengths of the convergence feedback
the growth rates of these modes are smaller than that of the UH mode. As the atmosphere approaches ‘moist neutral’ state,
the growth rates of these modes could become comparable or even larger than that of the UH mode. It is argued that these results
explain why the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signal is clear in the eastern Pacific but not so in the western Pacific
and they may also explain some of the differences between individual ENSO events. Our results also explain the aperiodic behaviour
of some coupled numerical models. Importance of this process in explaining the observed aperiodicity of the ENSO phenomenon
is indicated. 相似文献
87.
Constraining the process by which volcanoes become unstable is difficult. Several models have been proposed to explain the
driving forces which cause volcanic edifices to catastrophically collapse. These include models for destabilisation of volcanic
flanks by wedging due to dyke intrusion and the weakening of mechanical properties by pressurisation of pore fluids. It is
not known which, if any, of the models are relevant to particular sector collapse events. Recent developments in the palaeomagnetic
estimation of emplacement temperatures of volcaniclastic rocks have shown that even relatively low emplacement temperatures
can be recorded by volcaniclastics with high fidelity. We have carried out a palaeomagnetic study of emplacement temperatures
to investigate the role of igneous activity in the initiation of the 9,500 b.p. Murimotu sector collapse of Mt Ruapehu, New Zealand. This debris avalanche deposit has three fades which are stratigraphically
superimposed, and the lowermost fades contains three lithological assemblages representing different segments of the edifice
which were transported with little internal mixing within the flow. We have determined that some of the dacite-bearing assemblage
1, fades 1 was hot (∼350 °C) during transport and emplacement, whereas none of the other lithological assemblages of fades
contained hot material. Our interpretation is that a dacite dome was active on the ancient Ruapehu edifice immediately prior
to the Murimotu sector collapse. The partially cooled carapace of the dome and material shed from this part was incorporated
into the avalanche deposit, along with cold lavas and volcaniclastics. We have not found evidence for incorporation of material
at or close to magmatic temperatures, at least in the sampled locations. Our palaeomagnetic work allows us to develop a comprehensive,
new palaeomagnetic classification of volcaniclastics.
Published online: 25 January 2003
Editorial responsibility: D. Dingwell 相似文献
88.
Influence of rainfall on the deformation and stability of a slope in overconsolidated clays: a case study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The behaviour of an instrumented unstable slope in a profile of weathered overconsolidated clay has been analysed. Available
field investigation data and laboratory tests were integrated in a coupled hydromechanical model of the slope. Particular
attention was given to the unsaturated soil conditions above the water table and to the influence of the rainfall record.
Recorded pore-water pressures helped to identify the hydrogeological conditions of the slope. The coupled model was used to
compute slope deformations and the variation of safety with time. Actual rainfall records were also integrated into the analysis.
Comparison of measurements and calculations illustrate the nature of the slope instability and the complex relationships between
mechanical and hydraulic factors.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
89.
"96.1"高原暴雪过程三维条件性对称不稳定的数值研究 总被引:37,自引:22,他引:15
利用“96.1”青藏高原东北部暴雪过程的较成功的中尺度模拟的输出资料,用非纬向非平行基流中的对称不稳定模式,对“96.1”暴雪发生发展过程的动力学机制进行了三维基流中二维非线性对称不稳定数值模拟试验。结果表明,ψ场和ω场的三维配置与切变线的演变过程相当一致,说明用三维基流中二维非线性对称不稳定可能能较好地描述SI在切变线东伸南移过程中所起的作用。 相似文献
90.
E. Ferrero A. Longhetto L. Briatore G. Chabert dHieres H. Didelle C. Giraud P. Gleizon 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2002,35(1):308
A series of laboratory experiments, aimed at the simulation of some aspects of Alpine lee cyclogenesis has been carried out in the rotating tank of the Coriolis Laboratory of LEGI-IMG in Grenoble. Dynamic and thermodynamic processes, typical of baroclinic development triggered by the orography, were simulated. The background flow simulating the basic state of the atmosphere consisted of a stream of intermediate density fluid introduced at the interface between two fluid layers. The structure of the intermediate current was established by mixing fluid obtained from the upper layer of fresh water with fluid removed from the heavier salty layer below.The dynamical similarity parameters are the Rossby (Ro), Burger (Bu) and Ekman (Ek) numbers, although this last, owing to its small values, need not be matched between model and prototype, since viscous effects are not important for small time scales. The flow in both the prototype and laboratory simulation is characterized by hydrostatics; this requires (Ro2δ2/Bu)1 (where δ=H/L is the aspect ratio of the obstacle) which is clearly satisfied, in the atmosphere and oceans, and for the laboratory experiment.A range of experiments for various Rossby and Burger numbers were conducted which delimited the region of parameter space for which background flows akin to that found to the northwest of the Alps prior to baroclinic cyclogenesis events, were observed.One such experiment was carried out by placing a model of the Alps at the appropriate place in the flow field. The subsequent motion in the laboratory was observed and dye tracer motions were used to obtain the approximate particle trajectories. The density field was also analyzed to provide the geopotential field of the simulated atmosphere. Using standard transformations from the similarity analysis, the laboratory observations were related to the prototype atmosphere. The flow and the geopotential fields gave results compatible with the particular atmospheric event presented. 相似文献