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71.
Propagation of vertical and horizontal source data errors into a TIN with linear interpolation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lei Fan Joel Smethurst Peter Atkinson William Powrie 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(7):1378-1400
Digital elevation models (DEMs) have been widely used for a range of applications and form the basis of many GIS-related tasks. An essential aspect of a DEM is its accuracy, which depends on a variety of factors, such as source data quality, interpolation methods, data sampling density and the surface topographical characteristics. In recent years, point measurements acquired directly from land surveying such as differential global positioning system and light detection and ranging have become increasingly popular. These topographical data points can be used as the source data for the creation of DEMs at a local or regional scale. The errors in point measurements can be estimated in some cases. The focus of this article is on how the errors in the source data propagate into DEMs. The interpolation method considered is a triangulated irregular network (TIN) with linear interpolation. Both horizontal and vertical errors in source data points are considered in this study. An analytical method is derived for the error propagation into any particular point of interest within a TIN model. The solution is validated using Monte Carlo simulations and survey data obtained from a terrestrial laser scanner. 相似文献
72.
73.
UAVRS影像空中三角测量实验研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
无人飞行器低空遥感系统(UAV Low Altitude Remote Sensing System简称UAVRS系统)适合于在阴云山区低空获取高分辨率垂直和倾斜影像,但获取的影像存在像幅小、数量多、基线短、重叠度不规则且倾角过大等问题,而这些问题,都是国内外现有的数字摄影测量系统面临的新问题。本文提出以带权观测值光束法平差解决UAVRS复杂影像区域网的空中三角测量问题的方法。其技术要点在于,从提高单模型定向的精度出发,以单模型定向元素为基础构建自由区域网,为带权观测值光束法平差提供有效初值。经试验表明,空三加密点的平面精度为0.386m,高程精度为0.525m,基本能达到1∶2000地形图测图的要求。 相似文献
74.
为保护地震作用下历史遗迹帕特农神庙多鼓石柱,提出将破损的石鼓替换为填充颗粒的空鼓,以减轻多鼓石柱动力响应。本文基于PFC3D与FLAC3D软件,实现了离散-有限耦合作用,模拟了附有颗粒阻尼器帕特农神庙多鼓型石柱,研究了颗粒阻尼器对帕特农神庙石柱的减震效果,并分析地震强度、频率、阻尼器位置等因素对减震效果的影响。研究结果表明,将颗粒阻尼器替换破损的空鼓,PFC3D与FLAC3D耦合计算结果与试验结果基本一致,减震效果显著,说明耦合分析方法研究颗粒阻尼器抗震性能具有较高的可靠性;地震强度不同时,分层颗粒阻尼器仍可较好地耗散能量;颗粒阻尼器对结构的减震性能受激励频率的影响显著,频率越高,减震效果越好;颗粒阻尼器布置在古柱中上部减震效果优于布置在古柱下部。 相似文献
75.
利用1951-1980年和1981-2010年两个气候期的月平均气温数据,对中国大陆地区建筑气候分区进行对比,讨论建筑气候分区的变化;并基于近气候期的建筑气候分区以逐日气温为基础,讨论了1951-2018年不同分区采暖气候条件变化特征。结果表明:与1951-1980年相比,1981-2010年严寒地区范围有所缩减,南界北移;寒冷区、夏热冬冷区、夏热冬暖区北进,温和区西扩,夏热冬暖区范围增大。中国大陆采暖度日数、采暖日数、采暖日均强度分布一致,东部随纬向增加,西部随海拔增加;采暖度日数严寒地区最大,寒冷地区其次,夏热冬暖地区最小;1951-2018年,中国大陆各建筑分区的采暖度日数都呈显著减少趋势,减少速率严寒地区最大,温和地区最小;夏热冬冷地区距平百分率的波动最大,严寒地区波动最小。1998-2012年,全国各建筑气候分区采暖度日数和采暖日均强度在此期间均表现为增加,其中夏热冬暖地区增加趋势通过了0.05显著性检验。 相似文献
76.
利用天津市地面气象观测站1961—2017年逐小时观测资料,通过TRNSYS软件,对不同节能水平办公建筑供热和制冷能耗,以及居住建筑供热能耗进行动态模拟,定量评估了气候变化对天津市不同节能水平建筑能耗的影响。结果表明:在供暖期和制冷期,温度均呈现显著上升的趋势,而太阳辐射则呈现下降的趋势,受其影响,1961—2017年办公和居住建筑供热能耗呈现显著下降的趋势,制冷能耗呈现微弱的上升趋势,但气候变化对供热能耗的影响要明显强于制冷能耗;随着建筑节能水平的提升,供热和制冷能耗均有一定程度的下降,其中供热能耗的降幅尤为明显,四步节能居住建筑相比于一步到三步节能居住建筑,供热能耗分别下降了53.56%、50.13%和21.25%。对新建建筑及既有建筑的节能改造,应充分考虑不同节能水平对建筑能耗的影响,结合实际需求酌情进行升级改造。除此之外,建筑节能水平的提升,会使其供热和制冷能耗变化量随温度的上升而减小,说明其对气候变化的敏感性在逐渐减弱。因此,提高建筑节能水平,可以更好的应对气候变化,保证其在未来的使用中耗能更低。 相似文献
77.
Noah Brosch Carmiya Bar-Or Doron Malka 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,368(2):864-876
We report the discovery of small groups of uncatalogued, compact, star forming (SF) dwarf galaxies (DGs) by Hα mapping of the neighbourhoods of apparently isolated, catalogued, SF DGs. Our sample consists of dwarf ( M ≥−18 mag) galaxies at least 2 Mpc away from any other catalogued galaxy. The galaxies were selected to exhibit Hα emission of any intensity, i.e. not selecting only strong starbursts, as an indicator of recent or on-going star formation with the goal of understanding why are they presently forming stars. We identified possible neighbours by imaging the galaxies and their surroundings through Hα filters centred at or near the redshift of the galaxy, and searching for localized Hα emission with the characteristics of the line emission from the sample galaxies.
We identified 20 possible SF neighbour galaxies, 17 of them not previously catalogued, in three of the five search fields where we had good quality data, and present here their positions and, images and morphology, as well as some indications of binarity. The relatively large number of possible neighbour candidates, combined with their relative faintness, argue that it would be virtually impossible to identify truly isolated galaxies. It seems that the objects we selected as extremely isolated are probably the brightest members of sparse groups of galaxies, where the other members are also DGs that are presently forming stars. In order to enhance the confidence of this statement regular redshifts are required for our candidate neighbours. 相似文献
We identified 20 possible SF neighbour galaxies, 17 of them not previously catalogued, in three of the five search fields where we had good quality data, and present here their positions and, images and morphology, as well as some indications of binarity. The relatively large number of possible neighbour candidates, combined with their relative faintness, argue that it would be virtually impossible to identify truly isolated galaxies. It seems that the objects we selected as extremely isolated are probably the brightest members of sparse groups of galaxies, where the other members are also DGs that are presently forming stars. In order to enhance the confidence of this statement regular redshifts are required for our candidate neighbours. 相似文献
78.
E. Hatziminaoglou P. Cassata G. Rodighiero I. Pérez-Fournon A. Franceschini A. Hernán-Caballero F. M. Montenegro-Montes A. Afonso-Luis T. Jarrett G. Stacey C. Lonsdale F. Fang S. Oliver M. Rowan-Robinson D. Shupe H. E. Smith J. Surace C. K. Xu E. A. González-Solares 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,364(1):47-58
79.
近几年来 ,在河南省舞钢市石漫滩水库北岸 ,已发现多处建筑物开裂损坏的现象 ,随着建筑向不良工程地质条件地段的发展 ,建筑物损坏有增大的趋势。本文对该区地层的分布特点及其工程地质条件进行分析论述 ,以期引起建筑和工程设计部门对该区不良地质现象的重视 ,达到避免事故发生的目的 相似文献
80.