Direct finite element method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of concrete dams: Simplification,modeling, and practical application     

Arnkjell Løkke  Anil K. Chopra 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(7):818-842

A direct finite element (FE) method for nonlinear response history analysis of semi-unbounded dam-water-foundation systems has recently been presented. The analysis procedure employs standard viscous-damper absorbing boundaries to model the semi-unbounded foundation and fluid domains and specifies the seismic input as effective earthquake forces—determined from a control motion defined at the foundation surface—at these boundaries. Presented in this paper are several simplifications to this direct FE method that greatly facilitates its implementation in commercial FE software. Also addressed is the modeling of the principal nonlinear mechanisms for concrete dams, calibration of damping in the numerical model to ensure consistency with values measured at actual dams, and practical procedures for implementation of the direct FE method with a commercial FE program.  相似文献   

考虑劣化屈服老化裂纹后混凝土水库堤坝排水边坡抗震性研究          下载免费PDF全文

石晶  李伟 《地震工程学报》2019,41(6):1506-1513

针对在水库堤坝排水边坡混凝土裂纹的抗震性研究中,未考虑岩土体抗剪强度参数的劣化屈服效应以及混凝土裂纹的老化,存在抗震性判断结果准确率较差等问题,提出水库堤坝排水边坡混凝土考虑老化后产生裂纹的抗震性能研究方法。模拟强震下边坡混凝土的开裂破坏过程,根据D-P屈服准则,实现对闸墩混凝土材料的屈服判断。采用薄层整体单元模拟和分离式裂纹单元,实现混凝土裂纹的数值模拟,加载地震波后,获取混凝土裂纹的强震响应规律与破坏特征。实验结果可知,本文方法对坝体位移变化的研究精度高,得到的混凝土裂纹扩展范围更为准。运用本文方法对水库堤坝排水边坡混凝土的抗震性研究准确率以及可信度较高,说明本文方法具有一定的可取性。  相似文献   

考虑填充墙影响的钢筋混凝土厂房结构地震易损性分析     

梁志强  徐超  温增平 《震灾防御技术》2019,14(4):707-718

采用对角斜撑模拟纵向填充墙的作用,建立考虑填充墙和不考虑填充墙厂房结构模型,采用拉丁超立方抽样技术建立考虑材料不确定性的结构分析样本,基于随机Pushover分析确定结构不同破坏状态下的统计参数。综合考虑结构材料强度及输入地震动不确定性的影响,通过非线性时程分析开展单层钢筋混凝土厂房结构易损性研究,在此基础上比较结构横、纵向易损性的差异,研究填充墙对结构易损性的影响。研究结果表明:钢筋混凝土厂房结构体系横向地震易损性显著大于纵向地震易损性;对纵向结构体系而言,加入填充墙会明显降低结构易损性,但在相同强度的地震动作用下,填充墙破坏程度比主体结构严重,这与厂房结构的实际震害特征相符。  相似文献   

机械连接预应力实心方桩承台节点抗震性能试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙传智  缪长青  李爱群    鲜铖  朱方之 《世界地震工程》2019,35(4):039-49

预应力管桩在高烈度抗震设防地区已禁用,而普通钢筋混凝土方桩成本较高。首先针对卡扣式机械连接预应力混凝土实心方桩、PHC管桩和普通钢筋混凝土方桩与承台处的节点进行拟静力试验,并利用试验数据针对Park-Ang损伤模型进行了修正,进行了损伤指数分析。研究结果表明:预应力方桩比普通钢筋混凝土方桩的抗裂性能明显好,而预应力混凝土实心方桩承台节点耗能能力和延性低于预应力管桩和普通钢筋混凝土方桩;截桩施工导致桩端部损失部分预应力,相比较未截桩试件屈服荷载和极限荷载均减小,节点裂缝开展较早,损伤较未截桩试件严重;增配普通钢筋试件的滞回曲线比较饱满,水平承载能力和位移延性得到提升,节点抗震性能得到提升与改善;预应力混凝土实心方桩损伤前期较小,而一旦发生损伤后,损伤指数发展较快。  相似文献   

汶川大地震四川省青川县砖混结构村镇房屋震害分析   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

袁中夏  谭明  马占虎 《地震工程学报》2008,30(4):317-325

2008年汶川 8.0级大地震造成了大量的房屋破坏,尤其村镇房屋的破坏最为严重.本文基于对四川省青川县部分乡镇村镇房屋震害的实地调查,对砖混结构房屋的震害从地形、地基基础和结构三方面进行了震害总结,分析了典型震害的成因,指出了目前村镇房屋建设存在的问题,最后对提高村镇民房的地震安全提出了一些建议.  相似文献   

AN ANALYSIS OF THE SEISMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF STEEL-JACKETED CIRCULAR BRIDGE COLUMNS     

Y. H. CHAI 《地震工程与结构动力学》1996,25(2):149-161

The current approach for seismic retrofit of deficient bridge columns in California involves extensive use of steel jacketing. In this paper, the influence of steel jacketing on the lateral response of circular bridge columns is studied; particularly, the enhancement of the ultimate compressive strain of concrete, the increase in curvature ductility capacity and the increase in lateral stiffness are investigated. The current steel jacket thickness used in California is shown to enhance the ultimate compressive strain of concrete by 4–9 times the spalling strain of unconfined concrete. For larger steel jacket thickness, the ultimate limit state of steel-jacketed columns may be governed by the low-cycle fatigue fracture of the longitudinal reinforcement instead of the ultimate compressive strain of concrete. Steel jacketing is also expected to increase significantly the lateral stiffness of columns if full-height steel jackets are used. The increase in lateral stiffness of flexural columns (3⩽L/D⩽9) is estimated to be 35–60 per cent using current jacket thickness. Inelastic dynamic analyses of steel-jacketed columns using ground motions recorded during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake indicated that the current steel jacket thickness provides adequate protection against the damage potential of the ground motions with comparable spectral acceleration as that specified in current design spectra, and the damage sustained by the steel-jacketed column is likely to be repairable.  相似文献   

泡沫混凝土隧道减震层减震机制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵武胜  陈卫忠  马少森  赵坤  宋万鹏  李灿 《岩土力学》2018,39(3):1027-1036

基于泡沫混凝土隧道减震材料,通过室内试验研究了不同密度、围压、应变率条件下泡沫混凝土材料的力学特性。试验结果表明：随着密度的增加,试样的单轴破坏形态由骨架坍塌破坏逐渐转化为劈裂剪切破坏,峰后应变软化与材料脆性增强;随着围压的增加,材料强度增加且延性增强,峰后由应变软化逐渐转换为应变硬化。在中等应变率范围内（10?5/s ～10?3/s）,随着应变率的增加,泡沫混凝土材料的强度近似呈指数增长,同时峰后残余应力增长明显,且塑性应变越大,应变率对峰后应力的影响越大。基于上述试验结果初步建立了泡沫混凝土材料的本构模型。依托嘎隆拉隧道,采用数值方法研究了减震层剪切模量、厚度及减震层-衬砌界面特性3个因素对减震效果的影响规律,相关研究成果可为高烈度区隧道工程减震层的设计提供参考。  相似文献   

修正剑桥模型在DPC桩—土结构层中的应用分析     

胡贺松  廖湘英  陈晓斌 《地质力学学报》2018,24(6):849-854

针对DPC桩-土结构层开展大型直剪试验,基于试验分析,在考虑DPC桩-土结构层注浆影响上引入临界应力比,构建了可描述应变软化的修正剑桥模型应力应变方程。直剪试验表明DPC桩-土结构层剪切特性表现为剪切软化,具有明显的峰值强度和残余强度,呈现出明显的结构性,其特征与超固结的黏土的剪切应力应变曲线特性类似。推导出的修正剑桥模型能较好的解释实验结果,所得出的结论对DPC桩的设计有一定的指导意义。   相似文献   

大石峡高面板坝筑坝砂砾料现场大型相对密度试验     

董承山  杨正权  王龙  何冰  刘莹光 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(5):1603

当前,主要采用相对密度来表征筑坝砂砾料的密实程度,并以此来评价大坝的施工碾压质量。受试验设备尺寸和击实功能的限制,室内试验难以反映现场实际筑坝砂砾料粒径大、采用大型碾压机具进行高强度碾压的实际情况,试验确定砂砾料最大干密度值偏低,难以直接用于指导实际工程。针对大石峡高面板坝筑坝砂砾料,在工地现场采用实际筑坝碾压设备和大型相对密度桶,对原级配坝料开展相对密度试验,研究了坝料的压实特性,确定了不同级配（含砾量）坝料的相对密度特性指标。研究表明：比较室内试验成果,现场试验确定砂砾料最大干密度值有较大提高;随着含砾量的增加,砂砾料的最大、最小干密度值先增加、后减小,存在压实密度最高的最优含砾量特征值;强振碾压使得弱胶结砂砾料产生不同程度的颗粒破碎效应,颗粒破碎的程度和土料的原始级配特性相关联。  相似文献   

Effect of Silica Fume on Compressive Strength of Oil-Polluted Concrete in Different Marine Environments     

Hamid SHAHRABADI  Sina SAYAREH  Hamed SARKARDEH 《海洋工程》2017,(6):716-723

In the present research, effect of silica fume as an additive and oil polluted sands as aggregates on compressive strength of concrete were investigated experimentally. The amount of oil in the designed mixtures was assumed to be constant and equal to 2% of the sand weight. Silica fume accounting for 10%, 15% and 20% of the weight is added to the designed mixture. After preparation and curing, concrete specimens were placed into the three different conditions: fresh, brackish and saltwater environments (submerged in fresh water, alternation of exposed in air & submerged in sea water and submerged in sea water). The result of compressive strength tests shows that the compressive strength of the specimens consisting of silica fume increases significantly in comparison with the control specimens in all three environments. The compressive strength of the concrete with 15% silica fume content was about 30% to 50% higher than that of control specimens in all tested environments under the condition of using polluted aggregates in the designed mixture.  相似文献