基于Google Earth Engine的红树林年际变化监测研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘凯  彭力恒  李想  谭敏  王树功 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(5):731-739

遥感技术已广泛应用于红树林资源调查与动态监测中,但仍然存在遥感数据获取困难、数据预处理工作量大、监测时间长而周期过大等问题,影响了学者对红树林演变过程的精细刻画与理解。本文基于Google Earth Engine（GEE）云遥感数据处理平台,选取Landsat系列卫星数据,生成长时间序列年际极少云影像集（云量少于5%）,利用3个红外波段反射率（NIR、SWIR1、SWIR2）和3个特征指数（NDVI、NDWI、NDMI）建立阈值规则集,实现对实验区越南玉显县红树林、红树林-虾塘、不透水面-裸地、水体4种目标地物的专家知识决策树分类和土地覆盖的制图,并基于分类结果监测该区域1993-2017年的红树林年际动态变化。结果表明：GEE平台可满足多云多雨地区红树林的长时间序列年际变化监测需求;本文阈值分类方法可以有效提取红树林及红树林-虾塘,实验区有86%年份的影像分类精度达到80%以上;年际变化监测可精细刻画实验区红树林面积先增后减再增的变化过程,也能准确反映红树林与红树林-虾塘养殖系统面积之间的负相关关系。红树林年际动态监测结果可以降低红树林演变分析的不确定性,并能更精细地量化红树林与其他土地覆盖类型的转化过程,从而评估经济发展、政策等因素对红树林演变的影响。  相似文献   

九龙江口海门岛红树林湿地大型底栖动物群落生态研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

周细平  徐帅良  吴培芳  李艺蝉  沈露  吴兆东  刘爽  刘东艳  王玉珏  王跃启 《应用海洋学学报》2019,38(1):21-29

为研究福建省九龙江口海门岛大型底栖动物的群落结构变化,于2014年11月至2015年8月对海门岛红树林区的大型底栖动物进行4个季度的调查研究,并利用PRIMER软件进行群落物种多样性单变量分析、群落聚类分析(Cluster)、多维尺度排序(MDS)分析和丰度/生物量曲线(ABC)分析.结果表明:九龙江口海门岛红树林区获得大型底栖动物共计112种,年平均生物量为77. 58 g/m2,年平均栖息密度为991. 0 ind/m2. Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、丰富度指数(d)和均匀度指数(J')分别为2. 42、5. 02和0. 70,其中春季生物多样性指数和均匀度指数均最低,与春季生物的繁殖有关.ABC曲线表明该区域有三分之一采样点的大型底栖动物群落受到中等到严重程度的扰动,主要集中在春季站位,这与该季节渔民滩涂养殖作业活动有关. Cluster聚类分析和MDS标序结果表明,在50%的相似性水平群落可分为6组,且不同组间显示季节差异显著.结合历史资料发现,大型底栖动物群落随环境质量的变化已出现了一定的群落演替,物种呈小型化趋势.环境因子与群落分布特征相关性较大,其中最能解释群落丰度和生物量空间分布特征的环境因子为水温、盐度和有机质含量.  相似文献   

Diversity and abundance of mangrove fiddle crabs, genus Uca (Decapoda, Ocypodidae) at a mangrove in Kema, North Sulawesi, Indonesia     

RIANTA Pratiwi  ERNAWATI Widyastuti  CHEN Guangcheng  CHEN Shunyang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(12):92-96

Mangrove ecosystems are sites with high biodiversity of benthic fauna, and fiddler crabs (genus Uca) are common benthic fauna in mangroves. The North Sulawesi in Indonesia has a good condition of mangrove while the information of the fiddler crabs is still limited. Manual samplings were conducted in wet, dry and transient seasons at a mangrove in Kema, North Sulawesi to investigate the species composition, density and distribution pattern of fiddler crabs. A total of 168 individuals, subjected to eight species of genus Uca crabs were collected at the mangrove, with U. triangularis having the highest abundance and U. annulipes having the lowest abundance. The densities of fiddle crabs were 27.56 ind./m², 32.89 ind./m² and 14.22 ind./m² at the seaward, middle and landward zones, respectively, and the density was higher in dry and wet seasons than in transient season.  相似文献   

Litterfall dynamics and nutrient decomposition of arid mangroves in the Gulf of California: Their role sustaining ecosystem heterotrophy     

R. Sánchez-Andrés  S. Sánchez-Carrillo  L.C. Alatorre  S. Cirujano  M. Álvarez-Cobelas 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

This study shows results on litterfall dynamics and decay in mangrove stands of Avicennia germinans distributed along a latitudinal gradient (three forest sites) in the Gulf of California, in order to assess whether internal sources could support the observed mangrove ecosystem organic deficit in this arid tropic. Total mean annual litterfall production increased southward (712.6 ± 53.3, 1501.3 ± 145.1 and 1506.2 ± 280.5 g DW m⁻² y⁻¹, in the Yaqui, Mayo and Fuerte areas respectively), leaves being the main component of litter in all locations during the entire year, followed by fruits. The wet season (June–September) showed the highest litterfall rates through fruits. The temporal trend of litterfall production was significantly explained through mean air temperature (R² = 68%) whilst total annual litter production in the entire region showed a statistically significant relationship with total soil phosphorus, salinity, total nitrogen, organic matter and tree height (R² = 0.67). Throughout 117 days of the decomposition experiment, the litter lost 50% of its original dry weight in 5.8 days (average decay rate of 0.032 ± 0.04 g DW d⁻¹) and there were not significant differences in the remaining mass after 6 days. The percentage of both C and P released from the litter correlated significantly with the ratio of tidal inundated days to total experiment days (R² = 0.62, p = 0.03 and R² = 0.67, p = 0.02, respectively); however, the frequency of tidal inundation only showed a significant increase in C release from Avicennia litter after 6 and above 48 days of decomposition. Whereas the total C content of litter bags decreased linearly over the decomposition to (% Total C = 5.52 − 0.46 days, R² = 0.81, p = 0.0005), N content displayed an irregular pattern with a significant increase of decay between 48 and 76 days from the beginning of the experiment. The pattern for relative P content of litter revealed reductions of up to 99% of the original (%tot-P = −9.77 to 1.004 days, R² = 0.72, p = 0.01) although most of the P reduction occurred between 17 and 34 days after the experiment started. Soil N and P contents, which exhibited significant differences in the course of the decomposition experiment, appeared to show significant differences between sampling sites, although they were not related to tidal influence, nor by leaf and nutrient leaching. In a global basis, C/N litter ratios decreased linearly (C/N = 32.86 − 0.1006 days, R² = 0.62, p = 0.02), showing a strong and significant correlation with meteorological variables (R² = 0.99, p = 0.01). C/P ratios of litter increased through an exponential function (C/P = 119.35e^0.04day, R² = 0.89, p < 0.001). Changes in the remaining percentage of litter mass during the experiment were significantly correlated with soil C/N ratio (R² = 0.56, p = 0.03) as well as with the soil C/P ratio (R² = 0.98, p < 0.001). Our results of litter decomposition dynamics in this mangrove support the fact of null net primary productivity of the arid mangrove wetlands: fast litter decomposition compensates the ecosystem organic deficit in order to sustain the mangrove productivity. Litter decomposition plays a key role in the ecosystem metabolism in mangroves of arid tropics.  相似文献   

Transport of nutrients and organic matter in a mangrove swamp     

Y. Akamatsu  S. Ikeda  Y. Toda 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Field observations of the tidal transport of nutrients and organic matter in a mangrove swamp on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan revealed that groundwater flow from the swamp plays a significant role in increasing concentration of dissolved inorganic phosphorous and organic matter in a major channel. In contrast, dissolved inorganic nitrogen is transported from the mangrove swamps via surface water flow in the small channels of the swamp.  相似文献   

Fish assemblages in Tanzanian mangrove creek systems influenced by solar salt farm constructions     

Augustine W. Mwandya  Martin Gullström  Marcus C. Öhman  Mathias H. Andersson  Yunus D. Mgaya 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Deforestation of mangrove forests is common occurrence worldwide. We examined fish assemblage composition in three mangrove creek systems in Tanzania (East Africa), including two creeks where the upper parts were partly clear-cut of mangrove forest due to the construction of solar salt farms, and one creek with undisturbed mangrove forest. Fish were caught monthly for one year using a seine net (each haul covering 170 m²) within three locations in each creek, i.e. at the upper, intermediate and lower reaches. Density, biomass and species number of fish were lower in the upper deforested sites compared to the mangrove-fringed sites at the intermediate and lower parts in the two creeks affected by deforestation, whereas there were no differences among the three sites in the undisturbed mangrove creek system. In addition, multivariate analyses showed that the structure of fish assemblages varied between forested and clear-cut sites within the two disturbed creeks, but not within the undisturbed creek. Across the season, we found no significant differences except for a tendency of a minor increase in fish densities during the rainy season. At least 75% of the fishes were juveniles and of commercial interest for coastal fisheries and/or aquaculture. Mugil cephalus, Gerres oyena and Chanos chanos were the most abundant species in the forested sites. The dominant species in the clear-cut areas were M. cephalus and Elops machnata, which were both found in relatively low abundances compared to the undisturbed areas. The conversion of mangrove forests into solar salt farms not only altered fish assemblage composition, but also water and sediment conditions. In comparison with undisturbed areas, the clear-cut sites showed higher salinity, water temperature as well as organic matter and chlorophyll a in the sediments. Our results suggest that mangrove habitat loss and changes in environmental conditions caused by salt farm developments will decrease fish densities, biomass and species numbers as well as alter the overall fish assemblage composition in the salt farm area but not downstream in the creek.  相似文献   

Nocturnal fish utilization of a subtropical mangrove‐seagrass ecotone     

Neil Hammerschlag  Joseph E. Serafy 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(2):364-374

Whereas diel fish migration between mangrove and seagrass habitats has been recognized for decades, quantitative studies have focused mainly on diurnal patterns of fish distribution and abundance. In general, previous studies have shown that fish abundances decline with increasing distance from mangroves; however, evidence for such a pattern at night, when many fishes are actively feeding, is scarce. The present study is the first to report nocturnal fish abundances along a continuous distance gradient from mangroves across adjacent seagrass habitat (0–120 m). Here, we used nocturnal seine sampling to test the null hypothesis (based on diurnal studies and limited nocturnal work) that fish abundance would decrease with increasing distance from shoreline. We focused on species and life‐stage‐specific abundance patterns of Lutjanus griseus, Sphyraena barracuda, Archosargus rhomboidalis, and Haemulon sciurus. Results indicated that assemblage composition and structure differed significantly by season, likely influenced by temperature. However, within each season, the fish habitat use pattern at both the assemblage and species‐specific level generally failed to support our working null hypothesis. Species‐specific analyses revealed that, for most species and life‐stages examined, nocturnal abundance either did not change with distance or increased with distance from the mangrove‐seagrass ecotone. Our results suggest that analyses where taxa are grouped to report overall patterns may have the potential to overlook significant species‐ and stage‐specific variation. For fishes known to make nocturnal migrations, we recommend nocturnal sampling to determine habitat utilization patterns, especially when inferring nursery value of multiple habitats or when estimating fish production.  相似文献   

红树植物根系分泌物壬二酸对海洋原甲藻的影响     

刘玉  魏洁  李艳萍 《海洋学报》2013,35(3):239-245

一般认为植物根际微生物的生物量高于非根际,这与植物根际分泌多种物质有关。不同种类的红树林内出现不同程度的林内富营养化现象,浮游藻类生物量很高,认为这部分地与红树植物根系分泌物(Root Exudates,REs)对林内生物的调控作用有关。红树植物根系分泌物是调控红树林生态效应的关键因素之一。壬二酸(Azelaic acid)是初次在红树植物中检测到的一种二元羧酸类根泌物,选用壬二酸和海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)为代表,以不同浓度壬二酸培养藻,在藻生长周期内定期观测其密度、形态、胞内甘油含量、色素含量等指标,进行室内红树植物根系分泌物对藻类的影响作用的初步的机理实验。主要结果如下:在低浓度0.5~1.5 mg/L时,壬二酸可作为营养物质被藻细胞所吸收。而在较高浓度2和4 mg/L时,壬二酸主要起化感抑制作用。细胞膜的脂质过氧化导致胞内甘油含量上升,色素体产生应激反应,色素合成量加大,特别是多甲藻黄素含量增加。通过细胞代谢产生更多的内含物质,如淀粉粒和脂肪,导致液泡增大。色素体是应激反应和抗逆作用的重要细胞器之一。由于壬二酸可以较低浓度出现较高的抑制效应,因此对红树林内的生态效应非以营养效应而以化感效应为主。红树植物根系分泌物对林内生态具有一定的调控作用,应加强野外条件下的红树植物多种根系分泌物的混合效应原位试验。  相似文献   

广东省红树林资源变化遥感监测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴培强  马毅  李晓敏  余国华 《海洋学研究》2011,29(4):16-24

利用1990年的Landsat-5TM、2000年的Landsat-7ETM+和2008年的CBERS-02BCCD 3期遥感影像对广东省近18a来的红树林湿地资源进行监测,并对其时空变化情况进行分析。结果表明:广东省红树林呈现不断增加的趋势,1990年、2000年和2008年的面积分别为7 733.2,8 722.0和9 593.3hm2;红树林由沿岸分散分布趋于集中分布;天然林减少,人工林增加。  相似文献   

红树林海洋细菌的分离鉴定及其活性物质初步分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

梁静娟  庞宗文  詹萍 《热带海洋学报》2006,25(6):47-51

从广西北部湾红树林海洋淤泥中分离筛选到270株海洋细菌,用喉癌细胞Hep-2的细胞毒作用为筛选模型,用SRB法检测这270株海洋细菌的抑制肿瘤细胞生长活性,其中13株呈阳性反应。依据形态和生理生化反应特征及16SrRNA基因序列分析,确定其中一株为短小芽孢杆菌Bacillus pumilusPLM4。取该菌株液体培养上清液,检测对人喉癌细胞Hep-2的生长抑制率为63.9%,经过凝胶过滤层析分析获得2个活性峰,其中活性高的峰估计平均分子量为116kd。采用经典显色反应法初步判断该活性物质为多糖。  相似文献