新疆北山地区三架山韧性剪切带构造变形特征及控矿意义     

郑加行  赵同阳  韩琼  孙耀锋  曹江宇  陈晔 《地质力学学报》2019,25(S1):32-38

为进一步查明北山造山带北缘三架山韧性剪切带的构造运动学特征及控矿意义,在充分收集前人工作成果的基础上,通过开展系统的野外地质调查工作,基本查明了韧性剪切构造带的空间分布、物质组成、力学性质,在充分分析研究典型构造现象的宏观及显微构造变形特征基础上结合韧性剪切带内卷入地层变质特征和剪切带内岩石组合特征,认为三架山韧性剪切带属中浅部构造相,总体上反应出逆冲—左行走滑的特征。结合带内已发现的产于前寒武系变质基底的铅锌矿和韧性剪切带内的金矿赋矿特征,认为该韧性剪切带对前寒武系变质结晶基底的活化、古生代火山—沉积盖层的改造起到了至关重要的作用,具有明显的导矿、控矿作用。  相似文献   

基于堆积层厚度变化的侏罗系顺向岸坡变形机制转换研究     

张全  黄波林  陈小婷  王健 《华南地质与矿产》2019,35(3):354-360

三峡库区侏罗系顺向岸坡堆积体滑坡众多,其滑动模式存在一定差异。首先统计分析了192个三峡库区侏罗系层位发育的堆积体滑坡滑体及碎石土的工程地质性质和强度参数。在此基础上,运用数值分析软件对堆积体厚度变化引起的滑坡变形机制进行模拟分析。结果表明:堆积体厚度范围在15m及以下滑坡会沿着岩土界线面滑动、15~35m时滑坡会沿着层内剪切面滑动;厚度范围在35m以上时,堆积体滑坡内部可能存在着多层滑带,即滑坡可能沿着层内剪切面滑动或者沿着岩土界线面滑动。堆积体厚度范围在15m及以下时滑坡的治理措施可采用布置抗滑桩;厚度范围15~35m时可采用排水+布置抗滑桩的滑坡治理措施;厚度范围在35m以上时,可采用滑坡前期监测预报+后期根据滑坡发育情况相结合的滑坡防治措施。  相似文献   

考虑时空效应软土地区深基坑开挖变形分析     

陈涛  宋静  翟超 《岩土工程技术》2019,(3):149-153,F0003

以天津软土地区某深基坑工程为背景,对基坑开挖过程中不同工况下支护桩深层水平位移、支护桩竖向位移、周边建筑竖向位移、周边地表竖向位移的现场监测数据进行归纳总结,分析其变化规律,对其所受到的时空效应的影响进行研究,研究结果表明:基坑开挖施工对支护桩及周边环境具有显著的时空效应影响,位移主要发生在土方开挖阶段,尤其是土方开挖阶段第三步,位移增量较大,变化速率较快,在基坑底板施工完成后,位移逐渐趋于稳定;支护桩深层水平位移呈现出"鼓肚"状变化趋势,位移最大值出现在开挖面附近;周边地表位移最大值点出现在距离基坑边6 m(即0.51H)位置处,位移变化曲线呈盆状,至基坑地下结构施工完成时,最大位移出现在DB2-3监测点,位移值为-22.7 mm,约为0.19H%;提出建议在基坑南侧和西侧采用桩锚支护结构取代原设计支护形式的优化措施,研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。  相似文献   

袖阀管注浆在人工填土暗挖施工中的应用     

夏向东  张丹 《岩土工程技术》2019,(4):218-221

阜石路分洪暗涵某暗挖段,浅涵暗挖洞身大部位于人工填土内,部分区域洞底人工填土厚度仍达2m。人工填土松散,自稳能力差,易发生塌落现象,不易成洞,施工难度大。为避免暗挖施工期间人工填土产生安全隐患并减少后期隧道变形,采用了袖阀管注浆技术对填土地层进行注浆加固,以确保工程施工安全及隧道工程质量&根据工程实施效果可见,袖阀管注浆加固对在人工填土中进行暗挖隧道开挖的沉降、变形控制的效果较好。  相似文献   

Leveraging parallel spatio-temporal computing for crime analysis in large datasets: analyzing trends in near-repeat phenomenon of crime in cities     

Jayakrishnan Ajayakumar  Eric Shook 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(9):1683-1707

ABSTRACT

Crime often clusters in space and time. Near-repeat patterns improve understanding of crime communicability and their space–time interactions. Near-repeat analysis requires extensive computing resources for the assessment of statistical significance of space–time interactions. A computationally intensive Monte Carlo simulation-based approach is used to evaluate the statistical significance of the space-time patterns underlying near-repeat events. Currently available software for identifying near-repeat patterns is not scalable for large crime datasets. In this paper, we show how parallel spatial programming can help to leverage spatio-temporal simulation-based analysis in large datasets. A parallel near-repeat calculator was developed and a set of experiments were conducted to compare the newly developed software with an existing implementation, assess the performance gain due to parallel computation, test the scalability of the software to handle large crime datasets and assess the utility of the new software for real-world crime data analysis. Our experimental results suggest that, efficiently designed parallel algorithms that leverage high-performance computing along with performance optimization techniques could be used to develop software that are scalable with large datasets and could provide solutions for computationally intensive statistical simulation-based approaches in crime analysis.  相似文献   

The recognition of former melt flux through high‐strain zones          下载免费PDF全文

Catherine A. Stuart  Sandra Piazolo  Nathan R. Daczko 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2018,36(8):1049-1069

High‐strain zones are potential pathways of melt migration through the crust. However, the identification of melt‐present high‐strain deformation is commonly limited to cases where the interpreted volume of melt “frozen” within the high‐strain zone is high (>10%). In this contribution, we examine high‐strain zones in the Pembroke Granulite, an otherwise low‐strain outcrop of volcanic arc lower crust exposed in Fiordland, New Zealand. These high‐strain zones display compositional layering, flaser‐shaped mineral grains, and closely spaced foliation planes indicative of high‐strain deformation. Asymmetric leucosome surrounding peritectic garnet grains suggest deformation was synchronous with minor amounts of in situ partial melting. High‐strain zones lack typical mylonite microstructures and instead display typical equilibrium microstructures, such as straight grain boundaries, 120° triple junctions, and subhedral grain shapes. We identify five key microstructures indicative of the former presence of melt within the high‐strain zones: (a) small dihedral angles of interstitial phases; (b) elongate interstitial grains; (c) small aggregates of quartz grains with xenomorphic plagioclase grains connected in three dimensions; (d) fine‐grained, K‐feldspar bearing, multiphase aggregates with or without augite rims; and (e) mm‐ to cm‐scale felsic dykelets. Preservation of key microstructures indicates that deformation ceased as conditions crossed the solidus, breaking the positive feedback loop between deformation and the presence of melt. We propose that microstructures indicative of the former presence of melt, such as the five identified above, may be used as a tool for recognising rocks formed during melt‐present high‐strain deformation where low (<5%) volumes of leucosome are “frozen” within the high‐strain zone.  相似文献   

Study on wetting deformation characteristics of coarse granular materials and its simulation in core-wall rockfill dams     

Xiongxiong Zhou  Shichun Chi  Maohua Wang  Yufeng Jia 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(6):851-873

The wetting deformation of coarse granular materials is often considered to be an important cause of the core wall rockfill dam cracks during impounding. By analyzing existing research results, this paper proposes a hyperbolic relationship between the wetting axial strain and wetting stress level and puts forwards a warped surface relationship among spherical stress, shear stress, and the ratio of wetting volumetric strain to wetting axial strain. To illustrate its practicability, the wetting strain model's parameter determination process is introduced and the rockfill materials wetting parameters are determined using the triaxial wetting test data. Moreover, the collapse settlement of Guanyinyan rockfill dam during first impounding is numerically simulated using the proposed method to calculate rockfill wetting deformation and verified by field measurements and monitoring data. The results show that the calculative method of wetting deformation proposed in this paper is reasonable and practical; the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill materials would cause an adverse deformation trend, which may lead to crack occurrence at the upstream slope and dam crest; and the Guanyinyan rockfill dam cracks on the top of junction mainly caused by the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill.  相似文献   

Reconstruction of the Cenozoic deformation of the Bohai Bay Basin,North China     

Yinbing Zhu  Shaofeng Liu  Bo Zhang  Michael Gurnis  Pengfei Ma 《Basin Research》2021,33(1):364-381

A well‐constrained plate deformation model may lead to an improved understanding of sedimentary basin formation and the connection between subduction history and over‐riding plate deformation. Building quantitative models of basin kinematics and deformation remains challenging often due to the lack of comprehensive constraints. The Bohai Bay Basin (BBB) is an important manifestation of the destruction of the North China Craton, and records the plate kinematic history of East Asia during the Cenozoic. Although a number of interpretations of the formation of the BBB have been proposed, few quantitative basin reconstruction models have been built to test and refine previous ideas. Here, we developed a quantitative deformation reconstruction of the BBB constrained with balanced cross‐sections and structural, stratigraphic and depositional age data. Our reconstruction suggests that the basin formation process was composed of three main stages: Paleocene‐early Eocene (65–42 Ma) extension initiation, middle Eocene‐early Oligocene (42–32.8 Ma) extension climax and post‐Oligocene (32.8–0 Ma) post‐extensional subsidence. The deformation of the BBB is spatially heterogeneous, and its velocity directions rotated clockwise during the basin formation process. The reconstruction supports the interpretation that the BBB formed via strike‐slip faulting and orthogonal extension and that the basin is classified as a composite extensional‐transtensional basin. We argue that the clockwise rotation of the basin velocity field was driven by the counter‐clockwise rotation in the direction of Pacific Plate subduction. The kinematics of the BBB imply that the Pacific Plate may have been sufficiently coupled to the over‐riding East Asian Plate during the critical period of Pacific Plate reorganization. The new reconstruction provides a quantitative basis for studies of deformation processes not only in the vicinity of the BBB, but also more broadly throughout East Asia.  相似文献   

矢量瓦片并行构建与分布式存储模型研究     

聂沛  陈广胜  景维鹏 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(7):1487-1496

矢量瓦片体积小、生成效率高、支持动态交互,较传统栅格瓦片有诸多优势,是下一代互联网地图服务研究的重点。为了解决当前矢量瓦片研究中处理速度慢,扩展性差等问题,本文利用并行计算框架Spark进行矢量瓦片快速构建,通过自定义转换函数,将原始矢量数据GeoJson转换成mvt瓦片集;对于生成的矢量瓦片集,本文基于分布式内存文件系统Alluxio设计一个瓦片存储模型-VectorTileStore,模型以键值对进行数据存储,瓦片元数据占据前八个键值对,单个瓦片占据一个键值对,在数据写入的同时,基于键构建一个哈希索引,用于快速访问,模型兼容海量瓦片的组织存储,具有很强的扩展性。通过实验结果表明,本文提出的矢量瓦片并行构建算法较单机构建算法运行时间平均减少49.6%,分布式存储模型VectorTileStore较传统方案更适合海量矢量瓦片存储,存取时间效率更高。  相似文献   

朝鲜2017年核爆对中国东北地区形变场的影响     

王阅兵  甘卫军  张锐  游新兆 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(1):11-16

基于19个连续GNSS观测站的多种采样率（10 Hz、1 Hz和30 s）数据,分析2017-09-03朝鲜核爆对中国东北地区地壳形变场的影响。静态位移分析结果显示,距核爆现场最近的GNSS观测站JLCB没有产生明显的同震形变,与基于均匀半无限弹性空间断裂位错模型正演模拟的结果一致;GNSS应变结果显示,此次核爆在东北区域引起主应变的略微调整,但总体调整量在10-8以内,没有引起区域范围内面应变的变化;高频GNSS动态形变分析结果显示,核爆在JLCB站处没有引起明显的波形变化。另外,高频GNSS受到多路径效应的影响,可能会引起cm级的扰动,利用恒星日滤波方法可以抑制多路径的影响,得到精度更高、更可靠的动态形变结果。  相似文献