珠江口盆地惠州凹陷烃源岩发育的主控因素分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

马宁  侯读杰  施和生  朱俊章 《东北石油大学学报》2012,(3):19-24,33,6

根据烃源岩地球化学、岩石学、沉积学等特征,分析惠州凹陷2套烃源岩的地球化学特征及烃源岩发育的主控因素.结果表明:文昌组中深湖相烃源岩形成于缺氧的还原环境,母质输入主要为低等水生生物和菌藻类,生烃潜力较好;恩平组河沼相煤系泥岩母质输入以陆源高等植物为主,生油潜力不及文昌组中深湖相泥岩;文昌组时期的表层水中浮游植物繁盛和湖底贫氧环境有利于优质烃源岩的形成,同时烃源岩的非均质性受沉积相和基准面旋回升降变化的控制,在最大湖泛面附近容易形成优质烃源岩.  相似文献   

Biosorption of Cr (VI), Cr (III), Pb (II) and Cd (II) from aqueous solutions by Sargassum wightii and Caulerpa racemosa algal biomass     

Narayanaswamyb Tamilselvan  Kumar Saurav  Krishnan Kannabiran 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(1):52-58

Heavy metal pollution is one of the most important environmental problems today.Biosorption is an innovative tech-nology that employs biological materials to accumulate heavy metals from waste water through metabolic process or physicochemi-cal pathways of uptake.Even though several physical and chemical methods are available for removal of heavy metals,currently many biological materials such as bacteria,algae,yeasts and fungi have been widely used due to their good performance,low cost and large quantity of availability.The aim of the present study is to explore the biosorption of toxic heavy metals,Cr(VI),Cr(III),Pb(II) and Cd(II) by algal biomass obtained from algae Sargassum wightii(brown) and Caulerpa racemosa(green).Biosorption of algal biomass was found to be biomass concentration-and pH-dependent,while the maximal biosorption was found at pH 5.0 and with the metal concentration of 100 mg L-1.S.wightii showed the maximal metal biosorption at the biomass concentration of 25 g L-1,followed by C.racemosa with the maximal biosorption at 30 g L-1.S.wightii showed 78% biosorption of Cr(VI),Cr(III),Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions.C.racemosa exhibited 85% biosorption of Cd(II) and Cr(VI),and 50% biosorption of Cr(III) and Pb(II).The results of our study suggest that seaweed biomass can be used efficiently for  相似文献   

南太湖入湖口蓝藻生物量与TN、TP的年变化特征及相关性研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

韩志萍  邵朝纲  张忠山  王晓梅  徐新华  唐铭  叶金云 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(5):911-918

采用统计学方法,对南太湖水域三个入湖口(小梅港、新塘港、大钱港)水质中蓝藻生物量、TN和TP的年变化特征进行了调查;通过SPSS10.0软件对蓝藻生物量与TN和TP的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)南太湖入湖口蓝藻生物量一般有两个高位期,分别出现在每年的5—6月和9—10月;(2)南太湖入湖口的TN和TP处于富营养化水平,TN有朝重富营养化发展的趋势;(3)2008—2009年蓝藻生物量与TN的相关性系数r介于-0.010—0.210之间,呈现不相关;2010年r介于0.43—0.47,呈现低度负相关;(4)3年中蓝藻生物量与TP的相关性系数r介于0.30—0.80,呈现正相关。南太湖沿岸TP出现在0.05—0.20mg/L范围内频率达90%以上,蓝藻高位期时TP浓度在0.1—0.15mg/L范围。结果说明,南太湖沿岸水体中氮和磷营养盐水平较高,已经不容忽视,蓝藻生物量与TN之间存在一定的此消彼长规律,水体中TP已经是南太湖各入湖口蓝藻生长繁殖的相关性因子。  相似文献   

四川黄龙钙华藻类及其生物岩溶作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李永新  田友萍  李银 《中国岩溶》2011,30(1):86-92

从探索黄龙钙华的生物成因角度出发,对黄龙钙华藻类进行了采集、鉴定和分析,并对钙华藻类的生物岩溶作用做了初步探讨。研究得出黄龙钙华藻类分属于4门19属86种,优势种属为Tolypothrix属、Gloeocapsa属和Cymbella属。黄龙景区不同环境区域的优势藻类有所不同,藻类参与的碳酸盐沉积在不同岩溶景观中所起作用也有所差异。其中蓝藻参与的碳酸盐沉积主要表现于黄龙钙华坝景观的形成过程中,由硅藻参与碳酸盐沉积主要表现于斜坡滩华景观的形成过程中。藻类既能在钙华形成过程中发挥作用,藻类的生长也能侵蚀破坏钙华景观,在长期缺乏岩溶水补给的条件下,藻类对钙华景观的破坏性尤为突出。   相似文献   

Diel tuning of photosynthetic systems in ice algae at Saroma-ko Lagoon, Hokkaido, Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shimpei Aikawa  Hiroshi Hattori  Yasushi Gomi  Kentaro Watanabe  Sakae Kudoh  Yasuhiro Kashino  Kazuhiko Satoh 《Polar Science》2009,3(1):57-72

Ice algae are the major primary producers in seasonally ice-covered oceans during the cold season. Diurnal change in solar radiation is inevitable for ice algae, even beneath seasonal sea ice in lower-latitude regions. In this work, we focused on the photosynthetic response of ice algae under diurnally changing irradiance in Saroma-ko Lagoon, Japan. Photosynthetic properties were assessed by pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorometry. The species composition remained almost the same throughout the investigation. The maximum electron transport rate (rETR_max), which indicates the capacity of photosynthetic electron transport, increased from sunrise until around noon and decreased toward sunset, with no sign of the afternoon depression commonly observed in other photosynthetic organisms. The level of non-photochemical quenching, which indicates photoprotection activity by dissipating excess light energy via thermal processes, changed with diurnal variations in irradiance. The pigment composition appeared constant, except for xanthophyll cycle pigments, which changed irrespective of irradiance. These results indicate that ice algae tune their photosynthetic system harmonically to achieve efficient photosynthesis under diurnally changing irradiance, while avoiding damage to photosystems. This regulation system may be essential for productive photosynthesis in ice algae.  相似文献   

Spreading of floating particles by Langmuir circulation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S.A. Thorpe 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(12):1787-1791

Particles floating on the sea surface, in particular buoyant algae, are drawn into bands by the converging flow between neighbouring Langmuir cells. Floating bands subsequently amalgamate as a result of Langmuir turbulence. Simple models are developed to describe the rearrangement and dispersion of the floating particles. If the production of floating particles has ceased, the mean separation of the bands of particles increases with time and eventually becomes unrelated to the mean distance between the lines of convergence resulting from Langmuir circulation. The concentration of particles in the bands, proportional to the width of bands, and the separation of bands with a given concentration of particles, both increase with time. Care is needed in estimating the width of Langmuir cells to distinguish between surface bands of floating material that is continuously being produced and bands made visible by some earlier, but discontinued, generation. An alternative mechanism for the generation of dense bands of floating algae is proposed.  相似文献   

Classification of the Sibumasu and Paleo-Tethys tectonic division in Thailand using chert lithofacies     

Yoshihito  Kamata  Katsumi  Ueno  Hidetoshi  Hara  Megumi  Ichise  Thasinee  Charoentitirat  Punya  Charusiri  Apsorn  Sardsud  Ken-ichiro  Hisada 《Island Arc》2009,18(1):21-31

Two types of chert are defined in Thailand based on lithology, faunal content, and stratigraphy. 'Pelagic chert' consists of densely packed radiolarian tests in a microcrystalline quartz matrix with no terrigenous material and is found as blocks embedded within sheared matrix. 'Hemipelagic chert' also has a microcrystalline quartz matrix, and contains not only scattered radiolarian tests, but also calcareous organisms such as foraminifers. The pelagic cherts range in age from Devonian to Middle Triassic, whereas hemipelagic chert is only from the Early to the Late Triassic. Lithological and stratigraphic characteristics indicate that the pelagic chert originated in the Paleo-Tethys, whereas the hemipelagic chert accumulated on the eastern margin of the Sibumasu Block. The hemipelagic and pelagic chert are exposed in two north-trending belt-like zones. The western zone includes the hemipelagic chert, as well as glaciomarine and other Paleozoic to Mesozoic successions, overlying a Precambrian basement that consists exclusively of Sibumasu elements. The eastern zone contains pelagic chert and limestone and should be correlated to the Inthanon Zone. The Inthanon Zone is characterized by the presence not only of Paleo-Tethyan sedimentary rocks, but also of Sibumasu Block elements that structurally underlie the Paleo-Tethyan rocks. The boundary between the Sibumasu and Paleo-Tethys zones is a north-trending, low-angle thrust that resulted from the collision of the Sibumasu and Indochina blocks.  相似文献   

Mercury in wahoo, Acanthocybium solandri, from offshore waters of the southeastern United States and the Bahamas     

Douglas H. Adams 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(1):148-151

Wahoo, Acanthocybium solandri, are predatory oceanic fish that occur and are harvested in all tropical and subtropical oceans. Total mercury concentrations analyzed in dorsal muscle tissue of 208 wahoo from offshore waters of the southeastern United States and the Bahamas ranged from 0.021 to 3.4 mg/kg (wet weight), with a mean of 0.50 mg/kg (± 0.595 SD). Analyses indicated significant positive linear relationships between mercury and length, as well as, age of wahoo. The piscivorous nature, generally high trophic position, fast growth rate, and associated high metabolism of wahoo within tropical offshore pelagic environments may lead to comparatively higher concentrations of mercury over relatively short time periods. Mercury in wahoo, a highly mobile species consisting of one world-wide population, is regionally influenced by large-scale spatial differences in available mercury in selected prey fish species - many of which have been found to contain relatively high concentrations of mercury.  相似文献   

Experimental assessment of Posidonia oceanica‐associated gastropods grazing on an early‐successional biofilm community: nutrient availability and species‐specific effects          下载免费PDF全文

Inés Castejón‐Silvo  Jorge Terrados 《Marine Ecology》2017,38(1)

Although grazing is considered an essential process controlling epiphyte biomass on seagrass leaves, there is still a lack of fundamental knowledge about the species‐specific consumption rates of the most common grazers in Mediterranean meadows. This study experimentally assessed the effect of Posidonia oceanica‐associated gastropod grazing on early successional biofilm and the species‐specific relationship between biofilm consumption rates and biofilm biomass. Two biofilms on artificial substrata, both developed in situ (in a P. oceanica meadow), one under ambient conditions and the other under nutrient‐enriched conditions, were offered in aquaria assays to nine species of grazers found in P. oceanica meadows. Biofilm consumption rates and their association with biofilm biomass were assessed. It was found that: (i) there was a positive association between biofilm consumption and biofilm biomass up to 20 mg Chl a·m^?2 for Bittium reticulatum, Gibbula ardens, Jujubinus exasperatus and Tricolia pullus; (ii) Alvania montagui, B. reticulatum and Jujubinus striatus showed the highest consumption rates and are thus expected to be amongst the leading consumers in early‐successional epiphytic communities; (iii) there was not an increase of consumption rate when a substratum colonized under nutrient‐enriched conditions was offered to any of the nine studied species. This study provides species‐specific consumption rates knowledge that is useful for the assessment of the strength of grazer–epiphyte interactions and trophic fluxes in P. oceanica meadows.  相似文献   

不同氮源对微藻增殖的影响   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

张青田  董双林  胡桂坤  张兆琪 《海洋科学》2005,29(2):8-11

采用室内实验的方式研究了无机氮和有机氮对不同微藻增殖的影响情况。比较了不同氮源(氯化铵和尿素)对纤细角毛藻(Chaetoceros gracilis)、赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo Hada)、亚历山大藻(Alexandrium sp．)、隐藻(Chroomonas salina f.adolenscens)4种海洋微藻生长的不同影响。结果表明,有机氮尿素对海洋微藻增殖的影响比无机氮的复杂。由微藻最适生长的氮、磷浓度得到N：P值,讨论了该值对微藻增殖的影响,以及影响N：P值的可能情形。  相似文献