东风盐场卤水中可溶性糖的研究Ⅱ、盐田卤水中可溶性糖的来源、消耗及其调控方法初探     

宫相忠  高尚德  李永祺 《海洋湖沼通报》1997,(3)

本文研究了东风盐场不同盐度的卤水中可溶性糖的变化及其与微藻优势种的组成和细胞数量之间的关系，卤虫对可溶性糖的调节作用及嗜盐菌对可溶性糖的消耗。结果表明，可溶性糖在低卤区和硅藻、甲藻等微藻密切相关，在中、高卤区与蓝藻和盐藻等密切相关，卤水中的卤虫能通过滤食微藻而有效地控制卤水中可溶性糖的浓度，在结晶卤水中接种嗜盐菌能有效地降解卤水中的可溶性糖，从而达到提高盐质的目的。  相似文献   

九孔鲍养殖水体中产酶菌群的研究     

王志  蔡俊鹏  宋志萍  温其标 《广东海洋大学学报》2005,25(3):43-47

为了解九孔鲍养殖环境中细菌生理菌群的生态作用,对分离自养殖水体的33株菌株的产酶能力和种类进行了研究。结果表明,具有分泌胞外蛋白酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶能力的菌株分别为39.4%、57.6%和30.3%;在这33株菌中,产至少一种胞外酶的菌株比例高达63.6%。API鉴定结果表明,在有能力分泌胞外蛋白酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶的菌株中,弧菌菌群所占的比例分别为46%、42%和40%,而其中河流弧菌又占各弧菌菌群比例的83.3%、62.5%和100%。充分阐明弧菌,尤其是河流弧菌为优势菌,在鲍鱼养殖微生物态中起的重要作用。  相似文献   

A method for the quantitative estimation of bacteria from mangrove sediments     

A.H. Dye 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1983,17(2):207-212

A simple and rapid method for the quantitative extraction of bacteria from high silt/clay-content muds associated with mangrove swamps is described. Mud samples are homogenized in filtered sea water and the supernatant is diluted and stained with Acridine Organge. The stained material is trapped on a 0·45 μm membrane filter and bacteria are counted under a fluorescence microscope. Samples may be pre-fixed in 5% formalin if they cannot be examined immediately.  相似文献   

The relationship between abundances of meiofauna and their suspected microbial food (diatoms and bacteria)     

Paul A. Montagna  Bruce C. Coull  Teresa L. Herring  Bettye W. Dudley 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1983,17(4):381-394

Samples were taken bi-weekly for one year at a sand site and a mud site in the North Inlet Estuary, Georgetown, South Carolina, for meiofauna, their suspected microbial food (bacteria and diatoms), and associated physical factors. Linear regression techniques were used to correlate food abundance and physical factors with the density of meiofaunal taxa. At both sites diatoms positively correlated with meiofauna taxa, but bacteria did not. Physical factors were not correlated with meiofaunal or microbial abundances at the sand site. Whereas, at the mud site meiofauna and diatom abundances were positively correlated with the depth of the redox layer and inversely correlated with temperature. Peaks of meiofaunal abundance did not follow peaks of food abundance. Analysis of copepods at the species level indicated that taxa response was due to the response of the dominant species. Even though some correlations existed, this study suggests that copepod species and meiofauna at the gross taxonomic level do not respond to changes in potential food abundance. Physical factors apparently influence both meiofauna and diatoms in the same fashion. However, bacterial abundance was not positively correlated with any of the factors studied.  相似文献   

Phosphorus limitation of bacterial growth in high Arctic lakes and ponds   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Wilhelm?Granéli  Stefan?BertilssonEmail author  Aline?Philibert 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2004,66(4):430-439

  相似文献   

Preliminary study on PAH degradation by bacteria from contaminated sediments in Xiamen Western Sea,Fujian, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

哈里德郑天凌  洪华生俞志明  袁建军胡忠 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(4):431-435

In order to estimate the biodegradation of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) compounds, bacterial strains were isolated from marine sediments in three heavily contaminated sites (Yuandang Lake, Dongdu Port and Aquacultural zones in Maluan Bay) in Xiamen Western Sea. The results show three bacterial strains, which used pyrene as the sole carbon source, were identified as strains of Aureobacterium sp.,Arthrobacter sp., Rhodococcus sp. The PAH-degrading bacteria isolated had a strong ability to degrade phenanhrene, fluoranthene and pyrene at different degradation rates. The highest degradation rate was observed when three PAH compounds were mixed with an individual strain in the medium. The three PAHs were degraded after one week with a degradation rate of 89.94 % for phenanthrene and 93.4 % for both of fluoranthene and pyrene.In addition, after 25 days of incubation, the degradation rate was 99.98 % for phenanthrene and 99.97 % for both of fluoranthene and pyrene. Optical density was measured to estimate bacterial growth during the degradation of PAHs. Highest levels of bacterial growth were observed with a three PAH mixture in the culture, suggesting that the concentration of PAHs influenced bacterial growth and the highest levels of degradation for most series were detected after one week of incubation.  相似文献   

聚乙二醇硝化菌包埋固定化技术研究及应用     

王志强  张少磊  陈文清 《西部资源》2012,(1):139-141

近年来,在固定化微生物处理污水方面国内研究报道逐渐增多,人们对于包埋材料也进行了多方面的探索,如琼脂,海藻酸钠,聚乙烯醇(PVA)等均见到相关研究报道,但是使用聚乙二醇(PEG)作为包埋材料的介绍比较少见,在国外,使用聚乙二醇(PEG)包埋固定化硝化菌的产品已经有了投放市场的产品。国内也有部分的研究。本文目的在于介绍该款产品在国内外研究及应用状况,期望能为国内同行提供参考。  相似文献   

基于海洋细菌为受试生物的海洋防污剂快速筛选方法     

沈明  徐焕志  孙保库  陆阿定  刘雪珠 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(3):608-616

本文研究探索了一种快速简单易行的海洋防污剂室内评价筛选方法。将待测防污剂均匀分散于凝胶溶液中,然后均匀涂布到一定面积的玻璃板上,固化得到含防污剂凝胶测试板,将其置于接种有三种分离自舟山以东海域的优势海洋菌种(编号为Y-16,W-1和F-6)的人工加富海水中,连续培养24h后显微镜下可发现凝胶板表面上细菌菌落,将凝胶板表面细菌淋洗、定容,测定其光密度(optical density,OD)值,计算平均抑菌率,得到吡啶硫酮锌(ZPT)为38.87%,吡啶硫酮铜(CPT)为41.24%,三甲基氧化锡(TBTO)为65.19%,N,N-二甲基-3,4-二氯苄胺(DCDMA)为30.88%,敌草隆(Diuron)仅为15.29%,抑菌性大小为TBTOCPTZPTDCDMADiuron。实验结果表明5种受试防污剂的抑菌性大小为TBTOCPTZPTDCDMADiuron。采用绘制OD-t生长曲线法,分别得到5种防污剂对3种海洋细菌的最小抑制浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC),TBTO对三种菌的MIC均为0.5×10–3mg/mL;CPT对W-1和F-6的MIC为0.97×10–3mg/mL,对Y-16的MIC为1.93×10–3mg/mL;ZPT对W-1和Y-16的MIC为1.91×10–3mg/mL,对F-6的MIC为0.96×10–3mg/mL;DCDMA对W-1和F-6的MIC为8.46×10–3mg/mL,对Y-16的MIC为×10–342.29mg/mL。其中,Diuron对细菌的生长几乎没有抑制作用。其抑菌性与室内短期挂板结果具有一致性,表明经OD-t生长曲线得到的MIC可作为溶剂可溶型防污剂评价的辅助方法。另外,将本文中室内短期挂板方法应用于不同粒径的氧化亚铜的防污评价,也取得了与文献一致的结果。  相似文献   

青岛多种天气下生物气溶胶中细菌群落特征     

汪瑶  祁建华  张婷  张大海 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,(6):88-98

为探究雾、霾、沙尘等多种天气下生物气溶胶中细菌群落结构特征,于2017年12月—2018年4月采集了青岛晴天和多种特殊天气下的大气生物气溶胶样品,运用16S rRNA高通量测序方法分析了样品中细菌群落结构。结果表明,在雾、霾、沙尘天均检测到对人体健康存在潜在危害的条件致病菌,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)均是优势细菌门,不受天气条件变化影响;霾天时其相对丰度最大。除此以外,沙尘和霾发生时,细菌群落结构显著变化,丰富度和多样性高于晴天,但随霾污染程度的加剧,群落丰富度和多样性下降;雾天多样性下降,丰富度变化不显著。在霾天,不同气团来源中细菌群落结构也存在显著差异。属水平上,霾天不动杆菌(Acinetobacter)和鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingomonas)占主导地位;雾天微球菌(Micrococcus)、副球菌(Paracoccus)和假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)占主导地位;沙尘天的优势菌为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)。RDA分析显示O₃是影响菌群的主要环境因子。  相似文献   

细菌反硝化法测试硝酸盐氮、氧同位素的研究与应用          下载免费PDF全文

崔坤磊  尹希杰  李艳利  杨海丽  裴盛祥  苏静 《应用海洋学学报》2021,40(4):629-635

为了验证细菌反硝化法对水体中硝酸盐氮、氧同位素组成测定的适用性、重现性及准确性, 在不同时间(2019年7月28日、8月19日、8月26日)利用反硝化细菌分别将海水、湖水和自来水样品中的硝酸盐转化为氧化亚氮（N₂O）, 并进行氮、氧同位素测定。结果表明, 不同时间段3个批次实验的硝酸盐氮同位素校准曲线斜率都接近理论值1, 相关性系数均高于0.999, 说明反硝化细菌在将样品中的硝酸盐全部还原为N₂O的过程中氮同位素分馏效应很小; 同一样品3个批次测定的硝酸盐的氮同位素值基本相同, 表明细菌反硝化法对硝酸盐氮同位素的测定在长时间周期内具有很好的重现性和准确性。3个批次氧同位素校准曲线斜率稳定在0.61～0.63之间, 相关性系数均高于0.99, 单批次内海水、湖水和自来水3类样品中硝酸盐氧同位素比值的标准偏差范围在0.18‰～0.69‰之间, 表明经过氧同位素校准曲线的校正, 可以准确反映样品中硝酸盐氧同位素组成; 同一样品3个批次测定的氧同位素值差异较大, 其变化范围为1.33‰～16.38‰, 可能是由于样品储存过程中硝酸盐与水之间发生的氧同位素交换作用所致。  相似文献