海洋沉积物中氧化还原敏感元素对水体环境缺氧状况的指示作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

解兴伟  袁华茂  宋金明  李宁  李学刚  段丽琴  王越奇  任成喆 《地质论评》2019,65(3):671-688

近年来由于人为污染水体富营养化加剧,缺氧区面积不断增大,利用沉积物中氧化还原敏感元素反演水体缺氧情况已经发展成为海洋化学领域的热点研究方向。本文详细阐述了氧化还原敏感元素的富集机制,并总结了利用沉积物中氧化还原敏感元素在不同氧化还原条件下的富集程度反映海水缺氧程度和底质氧化还原状况的一系列指标,如Re/Mo、Cd/U、Th/U、V/Sc、V/(V+Ni)值,U—Mo共变模型,δ~(98/95)Mo,多指标微/痕量元素模型以及氧化还原敏感元素-有机质共变模型等。沉积物中Re、Mo含量、Re/Mo值、自生Mo/U值、Th/U值对上层水体缺氧和氧化条件区分良好,可定量指征上层水体的缺氧情况。沉积物中Re含量近似于1 ng/g(地壳值),Mo含量1μg/g(地壳值),Re/Mo值接近0.3×10~(-3),Mo—U富集系数比为(0.1～0.3)×现代海水,Th/U值2,可指示氧化环境;Re含量在10～30 ng/g,Mo含量近似于1μg/g,Re/Mo值10×10~(-3)～30×10~(-3),Mo—U富集系数比1×现代海水,Th/U值在0～2范围内,可指示缺氧环境;Re含量30 ng/g,Mo富集达到20～40μg/g,Re/Mo值接近0.7×10~(-3)(海水中Re/Mo值),Mo—U富集系数比为(3～10)×现代海水,可指示极度缺氧的硫化环境。Mo_(EF)—U_(EF)交会对数坐标图、氧化还原敏感元素-有机质共变模型指标可定性分析上层水体的缺氧情况;V/(V+Ni)值对于次氧化沉积物指示效果不佳;Cd/U值在次缺氧条件下的变化机制复杂,还需进一步研究。生物扰动、成岩作用、人为污染、水体局限、高有机碳通量、Fe、Mn氧化物循环等因素通过影响氧化还原敏感元素在沉积物中的富集与迁移,从而影响氧化还原敏感元素指标的应用,应剔除有机质吸附与陆源输入等非自生部分的影响,结合各种指标互相印证,综合判别水体氧化还原状态。  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷古近系古湖盆氧化还原条件及其优质烃源岩的发育模式     

马小祥  姚素平  张柏林  张云献  彭君 《高校地质学报》2019,25(6):801

通过分析东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组烃源岩样品的主微量元素含量,研究了东濮凹陷沙河街组优质烃源岩形成时的古氧化还原条件、古生产力水平及古水体的局限性,探讨了沙河街组沙三段优质烃源岩的发育模式。研究结果表明,东濮凹陷的北部沙三段优质烃源岩发育属于“深水窄盆水体分层沉积”模式。水体主要是咸水—超咸水,水体局限性较强,深度较深形成了稳定的盐度分层,从而造成底层水处于稳定的缺氧条件,有利于有机质的保存。根据主微量元素分析及古生产力的还原,沙三段沉积时水体表层富氧,发育大量有机质,生物死亡后有机质发生絮凝,在氧化还原界面吸附于铁锰氧化物的表面,沉降到底部,底部水体缺氧到还原的性质,适合保存有机质。东濮凹陷南部沙三段优质烃源岩发育属于“浅水广盆凹盆缺氧沉积”模式。湖泊水体为淡水,湖水局限性很弱,属于开阔水域,由于地表河流及洪水带来大量营养物质,表层水体古生产力较高,缺乏缺氧的保存条件,有机质生化阶段消耗较多,但是局部也可以发育弱还原水体,进而形成优 质烃源岩。  相似文献   

利用碳酸盐岩的Fe/Mn比值恢复海洋的氧化还原状态     

蔡青青  闫宝强  王永志 《地质与资源》2019,28(2):160-164

碳酸盐岩的Fe/Mn元素比值,作为一项新的地球化学指标,可以用于恢复海洋的氧化还原状态.在氧化条件下,Fe³⁺和Mn⁴⁺均不可溶,因此氧化海水中的溶解Fe和Mn的含量均很低.Fe³⁺和Mn⁴⁺在还原条件下可以被细菌还原为可溶的Fe²⁺和Mn²⁺,而氧化还原电位的计算表明,Mn⁴⁺的还原要早于Fe³⁺的还原,因此细菌的Mn还原过程发生在沉积物的更浅层.可溶的Fe²⁺和Mn²⁺向上扩散到海水中,替代碳酸盐岩晶格里的Ca²⁺,因此碳酸盐岩晶格中的Fe²⁺和Mn²⁺的含量受控于来自沉积物孔隙水的扩散,而后者又与水岩界面的氧化还原状态相关.因此可以预测,随着海水变得逐渐缺氧,碳酸盐岩中的Fe/Mn比值会逐渐增高.为了验证这一假说,我们分析了中元古代高于庄组白云岩的Fe/Mn比值.研究发现,几乎所有的样品的Fe/Mn比值介于20～30之间,显著高于泥盆纪末期深水碳酸盐岩和浅水台地碳酸盐岩的Fe/Mn比值.高于庄组碳酸盐岩高的Fe/Mn比值一方面可能指示了中元古代低的大气氧气浓度和海洋的广泛缺氧,也可能反映了白云岩形成于缺氧的沉积物空隙水里.  相似文献   

Spectral analysis of continuous redox data reveals geochemical dynamics near the stream–aquifer interface     

Corey D. Wallace  Audrey H. Sawyer  Rebecca T. Barnes 《水文研究》2019,33(3):405-413

Changes in streamflow and water table elevation influence oxidation–reduction (redox) conditions near river–aquifer interfaces, with potentially important consequences for solute fluxes and biogeochemical reaction rates. Although continuous measurements of groundwater chemistry can be arduous, in situ sensors reveal chemistry dynamics across a wide range of timescales. We monitored redox potential in an aquifer adjacent to a tidal river and used spectral and wavelet analyses to link redox responses to hydrologic perturbations within the bed and banks. Storms perturb redox potential within both the bed and banks over timescales of days to weeks. Tides drive semidiurnal oscillations in redox potential within the streambed that are absent in the banks. Wavelet analysis shows that tidal redox oscillations in the bed are greatest during late summer (wavelet magnitude of 5.62 mV) when river stage fluctuations are on the order of 70 cm and microbial activity is relatively high. Tidal redox oscillations diminish during the winter (wavelet magnitude of 2.73 mV) when river stage fluctuations are smaller (on the order of 50 cm) and microbial activity is presumably low. Although traditional geochemical observations are often limited to summer baseflow conditions, in situ redox sensing provides continuous, high‐resolution chemical characterization of the subsurface, revealing transport and reaction processes across spatial and temporal scales in aquifers.  相似文献   

Redox evolution of western Tianshan subduction zone and its effect on deep carbon cycle     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(3):915-924

Knowing the phase relations of carbon-bearing phases at high-pressure(HP) and high-temperature(HT) condition is essential for understanding the deep carbon cycle in the subduction zones.In particular,the phase relation of carbon-bearing phases is also strongly influenced by redox condition of subduction zones,which is poorly explored.Here we summarized the phase relations of carbon-bearing phases(calcite,aragonite,dolomite,magnesite,graphite,hydrocarbon) in HP metamorphic rocks(marble,metapelite,eclogite) from the Western Tianshan subduction zone and high-pressure experiments.During prograde progress of subduction,carbonates in altered oceanic crust change from Ca-carbonate(calcite) to Ca,Mg-carbonate(dolomite),then finally to Mgcarbonate(magnesite) via Mg-Ca cation exchange reaction between silicate and carbonate,while calcite in sedimentary calcareous ooze on oceanic crust directly transfers to high-pressure aragonite in marble or amorphous CaCO3 in subduction zones.Redox evolution also plays a significant effect on the carbon speciation in the Western Tianshan subduction zone.The prograde oxygen fugacity of the Western Tianshan subduction zone was constrained by mineral assemblage of garnet-omphacite from FMQ-1.9 to FMQ-2.5 at its metamorphic peak(maximum P-T) conditions.In comparison with redox conditions of other subduction zones,Western Tianshan has the lowest oxygen fugacity.Graphite and light hydrocarbon inclusions were ubiqutously identified in Western Tianshan HP metamorphic rocks and speculated to be formed from reduction of Fe-carbonate at low redox condition,which is also confirmed by high-pressure experimental simulation.Based on petrological observation and high-pressure simulation,a polarized redox model of reducing slab but oxidizing mantle wedge in subduction zone is proposed,and its effect on deep carbon cycle in subduction zones is further discussed.  相似文献   

长江口外缺氧区沉积物中氧化还原敏感性元素的"粒控效应"   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

张晓东  翟世奎  许淑梅  张爱滨  卢海建 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(5):868-874

对长江口外缺氧区及其邻近海域表层沉积物和沉积物岩芯样品的粒度和元素（主要包括氧化还原敏感性元素简称RSE,和典型陆源碎屑元素）进行了分析,并对元素的“粒控效应”进行了深入研究.结果表明,在近岸底层水溶解氧浓度正常海区沉积物中,元素（包括典型陆源碎屑元素和RSE）的分布显示出明显的“粒控效应”,在缺氧区沉积物中,RSE与粒度之间的相关性较差,其分布不受“粒控效应”的制约,而主要受氧化还原环境的影响.另外缺氧区缺氧程度的不同会导致不同的RSE的富集.  相似文献   

Apparent redox potential discontinuity (aRPD) depth as a relative measure of sediment oxygen content and habitat quality     

Travis G GERWING  Alyssa M ALLEN GERWING  Diana JHAMILTON  Myriam ABARBEAU 《国际泥沙研究》2015,(1)

As hypoxic conditions spread in our oceans, indices that quickly and efficiently assess oxygen content in sediment pore water, and habitat quality are increasingly becoming desirable. Depth to the appa...  相似文献   

Trace elements and stable isotopic geochemistry of an Early Cambrian chert-phosphorite unit from the lower Yurtus Formation of the Sugetbrak section in the Tarim Basin   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ChunYan Yao  DongSheng Ma  HaiFeng Ding  XiaoYong Zhang  Hui Huang 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(3):454-464

A chert-phosphorite unit from the Sugetbrak section in the Tarim Basin was analyzed for rare earth elements (Ce, Eu), redox sensitive proxies, and carbon isotopic compositions (δ¹³C_carb and δ ¹³C_org) in the lower Yurtus Formation of the Early Cambrian period. Redox sensitive element ratios (Th/U, V/Cr, Ni/Co, and V/Sc) were employed to determine the palaeoenvironmental conditions during this period. The ratios indicated that the depositional environment of the chert-phosphorite-black shale unit ranged from suboxic to anoxic. Negative Ce and positive Eu anomalies in the chert-phosphorite assemblages of the studied Yurtus Formation indicated the existence of a redox-stratified ocean, similar to that of South China. Overturn or upward expansion of the deep water-mass probably reached the shallow marine zone after the formation of the Yurtus phosphorites. The characteristics of the negative Ce anomaly may be due to phosphoritic inheritance from the Ce-depleted signature of the overlying water column. Subsequent hydrothermal inputs and reduced detrital supplies of the deep water caused by the upwelling affected certain redox sensitive elements in the sedimentary basin. δ ¹³C_carb and δ¹³C_org negative excursions in the Yurtus chert-phosphorite unit may be related to a transgression phase when episodic basinal upwelling moved ¹²C- and P-rich waters from the pelagic basin floor to the continental shelf. Although carbon isotopic compositions in the Yurtus chert-phosphorite assemblages may have suffered from diagenetic alteration, they can be used to probe diagenetic conditions. Multi-proxy geochemical studies indicated that the δ ¹³C_carb values of the Yurtus chert-phosphorite assemblages might be considered reflections of a predominantly suboxic environment that was subsequently affected by hydrothermal inputs due to the upwelling.  相似文献   

古海洋生产力与氧化还原指标——元素地球化学综述   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

韦恒叶 《沉积与特提斯地质》2012,32(2):76-88

海洋表层初级生产力大小以及水体氧化还原条件是古海洋和古气候研究的重要内容,而元素地球化学是研究初级生产力以及氧化还原条件最常用的手段。主量元素Fe和Si是限制生物的营养元素,痕量金属元素Cu、Ni和Zn是微营养元素,而营养条件是沉积生产力的限制因素,因此这些元素的含量能反映初级生产力大小。Ba和Mo是随有机质一起沉淀下来的,与水体的有机碳通量有关,也是古生产力大小的指标。对氧化还原敏感的痕量金属元素含量（如Cr、V和U）以及元素比值（如V/（V＋Ni）、V/Cr、Ni/Co、U/Th和V/Sc）常用来重构水体的氧化还原条件。  相似文献   

Sedimentary Crust and Metallogeny of Granitoid Affinity: Implications from the Geotectonic Histories of the Circum‐Japan Sea Region,Central Andes and Southeastern Australia     

Kohei Sato 《Resource Geology》2012,62(4):329-351

Metallogeny of granitoid affinity was reviewed from the aspect of geotectonic history of the continental crust, particularly of the genesis of sedimentary crust involved in magmatism. The redox state of granitoids and related mineralization shows a remarkable contrast between the east and west sides of the Pacific Rim, but if examined closely, the reduced‐type and oxidized‐type granitoid provinces are juxtaposed in three regions: the circum‐Japan Sea region, the central Andes, and the Lachlan Fold Belt in southeastern Australia. Comparative study of these regions revealed that the reduced‐type magmatism associated with Sn mineralization generated in thick sedimentary crust which formed in three geotectonic environments: (i) accretionary terrane along a subduction zone (e.g. Jurassic East Asia), (ii) continental rift (e.g. Early Paleozoic Andes), and (iii) mega‐fan (e.g. Early Paleozoic southeastern Australia). A collisional orogen can provide large amounts of clastic sediment to these environments. The age gap between the magmatism and sedimentation varies depending on the tectonic evolution of individual regions. Thin sedimentary crust may not play an essential role for the reduced‐type magmatism. The oxidized‐type magmatism associated with porphyry Cu and other mineralization generated in the crust which was initially carbon‐free igneous crust or modified from sedimentary crust by magmatism. Subduction‐related basaltic magmas are relatively oxidized, and may enhance fO₂ conditions of granitoid activity. Repeated magmatism in a monotonous convergent margin may be favorable for porphyry Cu mineralization as exemplified in the eastern Pacific Rim.  相似文献