林木根系本构关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈丽华  余新晓  刘秀萍  宋维峰 《山地学报》2007,25(2):224-228

采用抗拔法进行了冷杉、杜鹃、冬瓜杨、糙皮桦、花楸、荚迷、卫矛等7种树木根系应力-应变关系的实验研究,得出抗拔法可以用于对根系应力-应变关系进行检测。分别利用双曲线和二次抛物线模型模拟上述不同树种根系的应力-应变关系,并给出了相应的模型试验参数。模拟结果表明:根系的应力-应变关系用双曲线模型模拟误差较大,而用抛物线模型模拟则比较理想。对不同林木的根系,其应力-应变关系可近似用统一的本构关系描述,模型形式:σ/σ0=1.6475(εa/ε0)-0.6917(εa/ε0)2。  相似文献   

ERA5再分析资料在辽宁省的适用性分析与订正          下载免费PDF全文

孙虹雨  王迪  刘成瀚  张燕  王式功 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2023,17(4):101-110

为系统研究ERA5再分析资料在辽宁省的适用性，本文基于近10a辽宁省62个地面站和9个探空站（省内4部，省外5部）资料，提取了温度、湿度、气压、风场等业务和研究中常用物理量，采用统计分析方法对ERA5资料在辽宁省的适用性进行了分析，并尝试使用机器学习的方法订正ERA5资料的偏差。结果表明：在地面观测要素分析中，2 m温度相关系数普遍较高，均方根误差普遍偏低，辽河流域及其西侧地区效果好于其他地区；10 m风速对比结果总体稍差，U分量相关系数总体低于V分量；ERA5资料质量有明显的月变化特征，相关系数总体呈现春秋季节高于夏冬季节，且相关系数总体较高的季节，均方根误差也普遍偏高。在高空观测要素分析中，辽宁中部地区的数据质量要高于东西部两地区，温度的平均相关系数最高，相对湿度相关系数平均较低，均方根误差总体较大；相对湿度的相关系数在春夏之交时最低，夏季上升较快，夏秋之交时达到最高，相关系数快速上升的月份，均方根误差也呈现出快速上升的趋势；高空U风场和V风场的均方根误差总体相差不大，且均方根误差月变化相一致，总体经向风（V风场）质量低于纬向风（U风场）。通过机器学习的订正方法有效提升了地面温度和相对湿度的应用能力，使ERA5地面温度资料的均方根误差缩小0.5～1.0℃，使地面相对湿度资料的均方根误差缩小最高可达26%。  相似文献   

Comparing water use patterns of sand-binding species in an alpine semi-arid desert     

Lihui Tian  Huawu Wu  Haijiao Wang  Dengshan Zhang  Xiaofan He  Qiaoyu Wang 《水文研究》2023,37(1):e14798

The processes of species obtaining water resources are crucial to evaluate the adaptability of plantations, which can affect the establishment and survival of restored ecosystems and functions of water-limited ecosystems. However, there are still limitations in understanding water use patterns of different four plantations (Populus sylvestris, Salix cheliophe, Hippophae rhamnoides and Artemisia ordosica) in the Qinghai Lake basin. Stable isotopes of xylem water of four individual species were analysed at different dunes located at the eastern shore of Qinghai Lake in 2018 and 2019. The purpose of this study was to explore potential water sources used by different life form plants, to identify whether the soil moisture content and root distribution determined the plants water use patterns. Results from the Bayesian mixing model MixSIAR showed that all species mainly uses three levels of soil water, but they extracted soil water from different layers in different growing seasons among species. All species primarily depended on water from upper soil layers at the early growing stage, but P. sylvestris and S. cheliophe also absorbed much proportion middle and deep soil layers' water in dry year of 2019. All four species shift to use middle or deep soil layer water rather than shallow water in July with the most rainfall and soil water content (SWC). However, it was only used by P. sylvestris and H. rhamnoides in 2018. In all, seasonal water use pattern of different species was affected by SWC, soil texture and root distribution. Compared with moratorium plantations such as S. cheliophe, mixed afforestation of P. sylvestris and H. rhamnoides maximized of soil water sources absorbed by the plants. The study can shed light on plant–water relationships to facilitate the woody species for afforestation and desertification restoration management in the semi-arid desert ecosystem.  相似文献