基于PIES观测东沙群岛附近声传播变化          下载免费PDF全文

郭平  徐永生  黄超  张林  张庆君  张利强  彭泳卿  张祥光  徐立军  王黎明  袁延茂  马树青  杨亮  尹善明 《应用海洋学学报》2024,43(2):333-341

本研究旨在将PIES观测数据应用于海洋水声环境的监测。利用一次南海PIES观测数据,反演得到温盐剖面,进而计算声场信息。结合观测期间的暖涡及台风事件对反演及计算结果进行了分析验证。结果表明,PIES能够在长期连续观测中较为敏感地捕获上层水体及表面声道的变化特征,为水声通信、探测及潜航路径规划等提供参考,在水声研究及海洋军事环境保障中都具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

CTD海上剖面测量性能综合评定方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

周凯  杨健  张挺  赵希勇 《海洋技术学报》2024,(2)

随着国产温盐深剖面仪（Conductivity-Temperature-Depth profiler,CTD） 测量性能的不断提高,其使用范围和规模也逐步扩大,需要规范CTD 海上剖面测量性能评定方法。在威海附近海域开展基于锚泊式平台CTD 海上比对试验,通过改变同架比对CTD 数量、引入相关系数和平均差数据处理方法研究海上比对试验效果,提出以精准度和灵敏度为目标层的CTD 海上剖面测量性能评价指标体系,实现了对被测CTD 海上剖面测量性能相对全面的评价,准确量化了被测CTD 在实际海洋环境中的剖面测量性能,为国产CTD 海上剖面测量性能的优化提供依据。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组沉积体系及沉积模式   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

张翔  田景春  彭军 《沉积学报》2006,24(3):370-377

通过对塔里木盆地众多野外剖面详细观测及钻井岩心的详细观察,研究区下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组主要沉积一套以砂、泥岩为主的碎屑岩,根据岩性特征、生物标志和地球物理特征,将塔里木盆地塔塔埃尔塔格组划分为滨岸和陆棚沉积体系,滨岸沉积体系进一步划分为无障壁海岸和有障壁潮坪沉积,陆棚沉积体系以浅水陆棚沉积为特征,并就各微相的岩石类型、粒度分布和沉积构造特征进行了详细的研究。在此基础上,分析了塔塔埃尔塔格沉积期的平面展布特征,总体格局为南北向分带,东西向展布为特征。同时建立了塔里木盆地塔塔埃尔塔格组滨岸、潮坪和滨岸－潮坪的沉积模式,在研究区以滨岸－潮坪的沉积模式为主。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地莫北凸起侏罗系三工河组沉积演化及微相构成   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李双文  刘洛夫  张有平  姚卫江  靳军  赵建章  孙东 《沉积学报》2006,24(6):819-828

运用高分辨率层序地层学原理将准噶尔盆地莫北凸起侏罗系三工河组划分为10个短期基准面旋回、2个中期基准面旋回。按照短期基准面旋回期次分析了该区沉积演化特征,在三工河组沉积期,研究区经历了辫状河三角洲前缘、曲流河三角洲前缘及滨浅湖的交替演化过程。不同的演化期,其微相构成具有很大的差别,辫状河三角洲前缘沉积主要由辫状河水下分流河道微相及河道间微相构成,河口砂坝及远砂坝不发育;曲流河三角洲前缘沉积微相有曲流河水下分流河道、支流间湾、河口坝、远砂坝及席状砂,以水下分流河道微相为主,河口坝较发育,远砂坝、席状砂次之;滨浅湖沉积微相由砂泥坪及滩坝构成。通过分析认为,在中期基准面下降到上升的转换位置,辫状河水下分流河道叠置连通广泛分布,为本区最有利的构造油气藏储集砂体;中期基准面上升和下降的中期,曲流河三角洲前缘水下分流河道及河口坝砂体发育,孤立状分布,为形成岩性油气藏的有利储集砂体。   相似文献   

苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系戴南组滨浅湖沉积中的遗迹化石   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张喜林  朱筱敏  郭长敏  杨俊生  王玉秀 《沉积学报》2006,24(1):81-89

苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系戴南组滨浅湖沉积中动物遗迹化石共鉴定出6个遗迹属8个遗迹种,其中1个为未定种。包括Taenidium barretti、Taenidium satanassi、Beaconites coronus、Cystichnum curvativum、Palaeophycus isp.、Planolites montanus、Skolithos verticalis和Skolithos linearis等。这些遗迹化石主要是无脊椎动物的进食迹和居住迹,呈全浮痕或半浮痕保存。根据组合特征及沉积环境分析,可识别出两个遗迹化石组合:1）Taenidium—Beaconites遗迹组合,主要由具新月型回填纹构造的进食迹组成,反映了周期性干旱气候条件下的滨浅湖沉积环境;2）Skolithos linearis遗迹组合,主要由居住潜穴组成,代表了三角洲平原—前缘沉积环境。生物扰动根据扰动特点,可分为三种类型,即1）均一型,反映了湖平面缓慢上升之后较长时间保持稳定;2）增强型,反映了湖平面整体稳定条件下的小幅度快速上升,然后保持稳定和缓慢下降;3）复合型,反映了湖平面先缓慢上升,然后缓慢下降。三角洲平原-前缘分支河道沉积序列中遗迹化石的类型、丰度、分异度和扰动指数垂向上呈规律性的变化,结合其沉积学特征分析,可分为四个沉积单元,每个沉积单元的内部物理成因构造和生物成因构造明显不同。  相似文献   

Estuarine biofilm patterns: Modern analogues for Precambrian self-organization     

Roeland C. van de Vijsel  Jim van Belzen  Tjeerd J. Bouma  Daphne van der Wal  Valentina Cusseddu  Sam J. Purkis  Max Rietkerk  Johan van de Koppel 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(5):1141-1154

This field and laboratory study examines whether regularly patterned biofilms on present-day intertidal flats are equivalent to microbially induced bedforms found in geological records dating back to the onset of life on Earth. Algal mats of filamentous Vaucheria species, functionally similar to microbial biofilms, cover the topographic highs of regularly spaced ridge–runnel bedforms. As regular patterning is typically associated with self-organization processes, indicators of self-organization are tested and found to support this hypothesis. The measurements suggest that biofilm-induced sediment trapping and biostabilization enhance bedform relief, strength and multi-year persistence. This demonstrates the importance of primitive organisms for sedimentary landscape development. Algal-covered ridges consist of wavy-crinkly laminated sedimentary deposits that resemble the layered structure of fossil stromatolites and microbially induced sedimentary structures. In addition to layering, both the morphological pattern and the suggested formation mechanism of the recent bedforms are strikingly similar to microbialite strata found in rock records from the Precambrian onwards. This implies that self-organization was an important morphological process in times when biofilms were the predominant sessile ecosystem. These findings furthermore emphasize that self-organization dynamics, such as critical transitions invoking ecosystem emergence or collapse, might have been captured in fossil microbialites, influencing their laminae. This notion may be important for paleoenvironmental reconstructions based on such strata. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd  相似文献   

Sedimentary and geochemical characterization of Middle–Late Miocene formations in the Neogene Tsugaru Basin,Japan by means of DTH27‐1 well sediment analysis     

Paolo Martizzi  Shun Chiyonobu  Hiroyuki Arato 《Island Arc》2020,29(1)

Middle–Late Miocene age siliceous formations outcropping along the northwestern side of Honshu Island are considered prospective source rocks for hydrocarbons. An analysis of geophysical, sedimentological, and geochemical properties is essential to evaluate the formations' source potential, and to understand the factors that determined the accumulation and preservation of organic matter. This study investigates the Middle–Late Miocene geological record of the Tsugaru back‐arc basin, located in the western part of Aomori prefecture, through an analysis of a 200 m long portion of a core from the DTH27‐1 well; this core is composed of the diatomaceous siltstones of the Akaishi Formation and the siliceous mudstones of the Odoji Formation. Sedimentological and geophysical characterization showed that the Akaishi Formation's diatomaceous siltstones are mostly massive and bioturbated, have low magnetic susceptibility, and demonstrate moderate natural radioactivity. Although the Odoji Formation's siliceous mudstones are massive, they have exceedingly low magnetic susceptibility and high natural radioactivity. Geochemical data from a Rock‐Eval Pyrolysis such as total organic carbon and generative potential (S1 + S2) revealed that, in the Tsugaru area, only the Odoji Formation is a likely prospective source rock for hydrocarbons. On the other hand, T_max values indicate that both the formations are thermally immature for generating hydrocarbons. The difference between the Akaishi and Odoji Formation in the sedimentological facies, in terms of the degree of bioturbation and the organic carbon content, indicates variations in lithological properties, such as porosity and grain size; moreover, this difference indicates a variation in the paleo‐oxygenation of bottom waters, with the transition from oxygen‐deficient conditions in the Middle Miocene to the more oxygenated conditions in the Late Miocene. Both the lithological and paleo‐environmental factors possibly influenced the organic richness in the two formations.  相似文献   

Modification and discussion of the Green-Ampt model for an evolving wetting profile   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Qiyong Zhang  Yuzhen Kong 《水文科学杂志》2020,65(12):2072-2082

ABSTRACT

The Green-Ampt (GA) model has been widely used to evaluate soil water infiltration. While a simple piston profile is commonly used, the wetting profile of a soil changes during infiltration and a quarter-ellipse has been found to better describe its evolution. This study aims to improve the GA model and discuss the model parameters when the quarter-ellipse profile is utilized. The soil column is divided into three zones: saturated, transient and dry. The variable γ is introduced to express the ratio of the saturated zone depth to the wetting front depth. A modified GA model is derived via mathematical methods, but an exact solution is difficult to obtain. Therefore, a simplified (SGA) model is developed via a segmented method. Compared with the measured results, the SGA model is more accurate than the traditional model. Finally, the model parameters are discussed and a value of γ = 0.5 is recommended.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系主要含水岩组沉积岩相古地理对地下水水化学场形成和水质分布的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

谢渊  邓国仕  刘建清  董维红  鲁洪江 《沉积与特提斯地质》2012,(3):64-74

通过典型水文钻孔和露头剖面沉积地质、水文地质调查、样品测试及综合研究表明,鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系含水层形成时,北部环河组、洛河组均广泛发育河流相沉积,而南部环河组湖泊相为主、洛河组沙漠沙丘相广泛分布的沉积古地理格局,这对含水岩石中长石、粘土矿物、方解石、石膏等重要矿物组成和易溶盐含量及其空间分布形成明显控制,也控制了含水层和隔水层空间分布,并显著影响了深层地下水循环交替条件的区域分布变化。在沉积-成岩环境条件下,影响地下水水化学场形成和水质分布变化的主要水-岩作用包括硫酸盐、碳酸盐及硅酸盐矿物的溶解溶滤和阳离子交换作用等水文地球化学作用。受含水层沉积岩相古地理、地下水循环及水岩作用等因素控制,环河组、洛河组地下水总体表现为盆地北区TDS低、淡水发育、以HCO3型为主,南区TDS高、微咸水和咸水发育、以HCO3.SO4型为主的分布规律,地下水水化学和水质分布在北区分布变化小、在南区上下含水层分布变化复杂。  相似文献   

Assessment of geomorphological bank evolution of the alluvial threshold rivers based on entropy concept parameters     

Azadeh Gholami  Majid Mohammadian  Amir Hossein Zaji  Bahram Gharabaghi 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(7):856-872

The complex stream bank profiles in alluvial channels and rivers that are formed after reaching equilibrium has been a popular topic of research for many geomorphologists and river engineers. The entropy theory has recently been successfully applied to this problem. However, the existing methods restrict the further application of the entropy parameter to determine the cross-section slope of the river banks. To solve this limitation, we introduce a novel approach in the extraction of the equation based on the calculation of the entropy parameter (λ) and the transverse slope of the bank profile at threshold channel conditions. The effects of different hydraulic and geometric parameters are evaluated on a variation of the entropy parameter. Sensitivity analysis on the parameters affecting the entropy parameter shows that the most effective parameter on the λ-slope multiplier is the maximum slope of the bank profile and the dimensionless lateral distance of the river banks.  相似文献