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31.
Silurian Seismites in Hanxia, Yumen, North Qilian Mountains, and Their Tectonic Significance 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
DU Yuansheng GONG Shuyun HAN Xin WANG Jiasheng GU Songzhuand LIN Wenjiao Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei 《《地质学报》英文版》2001,75(4):385-390
The Caledonian erogenic belt of the North Qilian Mountains is an intensely active structure belt. In the process of the Late Caledonian syn-orogeny, the North Qilian-Hexi Corridor area was situated on the tectonic background of a syn-orogenic basin. In response to the orogenic process of the North Qilian Mountains, typical earthquake event deposits-seismites of the Silurian were widely distributed around Hanxia of Yumen City, the Liyuan River of Sunan County and Biandukou of Minle County. In the Hanxia area, where seismites are typically developed, clastic deposits of tidal-flat facies are the background deposits of the Hanxia Formation. The earthquake event deposits are characterized by sandy mudstone veins, synsedimentary microfractures, micro-corrugated laminations and earthquake breccias, which in turn constitute complex seismites, featuring seismic corrugation, shattering and liquefied sandy mudstone veins, auto-clastic breccias and intraclastic parabreccias. The seismites and tidal flat deposits f 相似文献
32.
Earthquake-induced soft-sediment deformation structures in the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation,North China,and their geologic implications 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Soft-sediment structures are key to defining seismites. Two soft-sediment deformation horizons, bounded by undeformed carbonate strata, have been found in the Wumishan Formation in the Jumahe region, 175 km southwest of Beijing. One is in the lowest part of Wumishan Formation; and the other is in the uppermost part of Litho-member I. The soft-sediment structures in these two horizons fall into three categories: mould-and-sag structures, hydraulic shatterings and liquefaction dikes. The mould-and-sag structures are divided into two types: one developed in tidal-flat sediments, accompa-nied by many liquefaction-related structures and characterized by autochthonous post-earthquake sediments in sags, and the other type developed in deep-water environments, is not associated with liquefaction structures, and is overlain immediately by seismogenic tsunamites. The hydraulic shat-terings are composed of pockets of fluidization conglomerate, sand intrusions, and syndepositional faults. The liquefaction dikes fall into two categories: hydraulic-fracturing dikes and lateral-spreading dikes. The former are steep, planar, and pinch out upwards. The latter are snake-like and characterized by no diapir-related drag structures in surrounding rocks. Examination of the attitudes and strati-graphic positions of these structures suggests that these soft-sediment structures are seismogenic, and consequently, are seismites. Most seismites in the Wumishan Formation are developed near the former western, margin fault of Yanliao rift. This occurrence suggests that they could be related to movements on this fault. Other geological implications are discussed. 相似文献
33.
通过对6口钻井岩心的详细观察,在塔里木盆地西南缘的西昆仑山前叶城凹陷中新统克孜洛依组和安居安组发现同沉积的软沉积物变形构造,包括液化砂脉、负载及球枕构造、挤入构造、液化卷曲变形、软泥触变变形、液化底劈、软布丁构造及同沉积微断层等,分布广,且重复出现。经与典型的震积岩比较认为,它们都属于地震成因的沉积构造。分析认为,克孜洛依组和安居安组的震积岩可分为4个发育时期,时间跨度大约为5 Ma (16-11 Ma),第1、2期时间较长、构造活动较强烈,第3、4期时间较短、构造活动较弱。这是首次在塔西南地区新近系陆相地层中发现震积岩,震积岩的发育与中新世西昆仑山阶段性隆升、山前逆冲带多条逆冲断层活动引发的周期性地震活动有关。 相似文献
34.
济阳坳陷古近纪软沉积变形层中的环状层理及成因 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
主要通过钻井岩心观察和岩石薄片鉴定等手段对渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷古近纪环状层理进行研究。研究结果表明,济阳坳陷古近纪软沉积物变形层中的环状层理类型多样,形态复杂,计有光滑圆环状及蝌蚪状带“小尾巴”的环状层理、马尾丝或串珠状不规则环圈的环状层理、与阶梯状微断裂伴生的环状层理、链条状环状层理群、纺锤型环状层理群和中心为“飞石”环圈较光滑的环状层理等6种。综合分析认为震动塌落、震动拉伸变形、地震断裂面的摩擦作用、氧化还原反应和扩散作用是环状层理的主要成因,前三种成因的环状层理往往与其他震成构造伴生,可作为震积岩的良好标志。环状层理的其他成因还包括:地震波传播方式的影响、地球自转产生的涡旋的影响、“滚雪球”效应、间歇胶结作用以及生物成因等。研究环状层理必须综合考虑构造位置、应力条件、沉积环境,沉积特征、围岩条件等因素的影响和控制作用。 相似文献
35.
显微探测手段在乌鲁木齐市活动断层探测中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前中国正在广泛开展城市活动断层的探测。但是,这些断层常发育在松散沉积物中,没有明显的宏观形迹。因此,即便开挖了探槽,也往往难以解决这些隐性断层(即宏观形迹不明断层)的延伸情况、是否穿过上覆地层,以及断层的活动性质和方式等关键问题。通过观测乌鲁木齐市的西山和王家沟断裂的13个探槽和天然露头剖面,系统采集样品53件。在室内进行了显微构造、碎屑颗粒棱角度和粒度观测、以及粒度分布分析等。通过显微构造观测所揭示的断层微观表现形式、震击物的微观构造标志以及样品中碎屑颗粒棱角度、粒度大小和分形特征的变化等,解决了宏观探测无法查明的是否存在隐性断层以及有关断层活动方式、断层是否穿过上覆地层等疑难问题。结果表明,微观观测是松散沉积物中宏观形迹不明的活动断层探测的有效手段,它在城市活断层探测工程中具有广阔的应用前景 相似文献
36.
岷江上游堰塞湖沉积中软沉积物变形构造成因讨论 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对在岷江上游及其支流河谷中的晚第四纪古堰塞湖地层中发现的大量软沉积物变形构造的类型、特征和成因进行了分析,发现这些软沉积物变形构造分为两类:一类是小型的层内变形构造,如液化卷曲变形、泄水构造、负荷构造、阶梯状微断裂等,其形成与软沉积物的塑性变形、液化和流动作用相关;另一类是崩(滑)塌体对软沉积物的扰动形成的大型褶曲构造.通过与其它成因的软沉积物变形构造的对比以及对区域构造环境的分析,得出地震、崩塌和滑坡等灾害性地质事件是造成河谷区古堰塞湖地层中软沉积物变形构造发育的最可能的驱动机制. 相似文献
37.
鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组古地震效应及其地质启迪 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
印支期秦岭造山活动控制和影响着鄂尔多斯盆地南缘边界性质和盆内延长组的沉积作用。通过岩芯分析,在盆地东南部延长组地层中识别出震裂缝、层内阶梯状微断层、微褶皱、液化砂岩脉、液化卷曲变形、球-枕构造、环状层理、丘-槽构造、震积角砾岩等典型的软沉积物变形构造,反映该时期研究区有受频繁且强烈地震作用事件影响的痕迹。在此基础上,对晚三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地盆山耦合作用过程及其响应的动力学机制进行了深入分析;进一步详细研究了震浊积岩这一特殊事件沉积体的形成机制与时空分布规律,并建立其沉积模式;最终讨论了该时期地震作用事件的属性特征及周期活跃性。 相似文献
38.
Earthquake event deposits in Mesoproterozoic Kunyang Group in central Yunnan Province and its geological implications 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Earthquake and its resultant tsunami, as a kind of disaster events in geological history, may be recorded as event deposits
of seismite and tsunamite. Typical characteristics of seismite and tsunamite, including seismo-fracture bed, synsedimentary
microfracture, micro-corrugated lamination, molar tooth structure, hummocky bedding, occurs in Mesoproterozoic Dalongkou Formation
of Kunyang Group in central Yunnan Province. Three types of sedimentary units have been recognized: seismite (unit-A, including
limestone with molar tooth structure, seismic shattering rock, seismic corrugated rock, autoclastic breccia and intraclastic
parabreccia), tsunamite (unit-B, intraclastic limestone with hummocky or parallel beddings) and background deposits (unit-C).
Various stackings of these units construct three distinct sedimentary sequences: A-B-C, A-C and B-C. A-B-C represents an event
sedimentary sequence of earthquake-tsunami-background deposits, A-C represents the sequence of earthquake and background deposits
(no tsunami occurring), and B-C represents the sequence of tsunami and background deposits (far from the center of earthquake).
As the central Yunnan Province was located in a tectonic setting of rift basin in Mesoproterozoic Era, the earthquake event
deposits of the Dalongkou Formation are sedimentary response to tectonic activity of the rift basin. 相似文献
39.
Soft-sediment Deformation Structures Related to Earthquake from the Devonian of the Eastern North Qilian Mts. and Its Tectonic Significance 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Devonian in the North Qilian orogenic belt and Hexi Corridor developed terrestrial molasse of later stage of foreland basin caused by collision between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. The foreland basin triggered a intense earthquake, and formed seismites and earthquake-related soft-sediment deformation. The soft-sediment deformation structures of Devonian in the eastern North Qilian Mts. consist of seismo-cracks, sandstone dykes, syn-depositional faults, microfolds (micro-corrugated lamination), fluidized veins, load casts, flame structures, pillow structures and brecciation. The seismo-cracks, syn-depositional faults and microfolds are cracks, faults and folds formed directly by oscillation of earthquake. The seismic dykes formed by sediment instilling into seismic cracks. Fluidized veins were made by instilling into the seismo-fissures of the fluidized sands. The load casts, flame structures and pillow structures were formed by sinking and instilling caused from oscillation of earthquake along the face between sandy and muddy beds. The brecciation resulted from the oscillation of earthquake and cracking of sedimentary layers. The seismites and soft-sediment deformations in Devonian triggered the earthquake related to tectonic activities during the orogeny and uplift of North Qilian Mts. 相似文献
40.
藏北比如县玛双布上三叠统波里拉组发育震积岩(A)、海啸岩(B)及背景沉积(C)3个沉积单元。它们组成A-B-C,A-C,B-C等3种类型的沉积序列。这些沉积序列分别代表地震—海啸—背景沉积(地震引发海啸)、地震—背景沉积(地震未引发海啸)、海啸—背景沉积(远离地震中心)的事件沉积序列。波里拉组地震事件沉积是特提斯洋进一步扩张的前兆和裂解的标志,也是劳亚—泛华夏大陆裂解的响应。 相似文献