RESPONSE OF EQUATORIAL PACIFIC UPPER OCEAN CURRENT TO WESTERLY WIND BURSTS     

王凡  吴德星  佘国辉  闫基桥 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,13(4):294-302

The characteristics of the response of equatorial Pacific upper ocean current to westerly wind bursts(WWB)were analyzed in the frequency domain by using wind and ADCP data collected by the Shiyan3 during TOGA-COARE IOP,1992-1993.The preliminary results showed that the response consistedof an eastward surface jet at shallower than 60m depth,a westward counter current centering near100m and a shear layer between them,with the variations of all three being nonlinear and nearlysynchronous.The oceanic responses in the frequency domain were characterized by occurrences of a remotely forced mixed Rossby-gravity wave with period of 8-10 days in the surface jet andcountercurrent at shallower than 110 m depth,and two locally forced waves with periods of 24 daysand 4-5 days limited in shallower than 70m depth.These fluctuations of the responses depended much more on zonal wind than meridional wind.The results also revealed that the oceanic response toWWB resulted from momentum transport and energy propagation assoc  相似文献   

基于条件平差的卫星双向时间传递链路性能优化方法          下载免费PDF全文

王翔  宋会杰  王威雄  高喆  张继海  武文俊  董绍武 《天文学报》2020,61(3):25

卫星双向时间传递(Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer, TWSTFT)是目前精度最高的时间传递方法之一,同时也是参与国际原子时计算的守时实验室之间比较原子时尺度的一种主要方法.提高TWSTFT链路的短期稳定度,降低周日效应对链路时间传递结果的影响,对优化TAI (International Atomic Time)的性能具有现实意义.提出了一种基于条件平差的TWSTFT链路性能优化方法,先依据TWSTFT链路测量噪声水平与谱分析结果建立TWSTFT链路性能优化网络(简称优化网络),再根据优化网络中各链路测量噪声分析结果设置权系数阵,建立条件平差模型.选取亚太地区的中国计量科学研究院(National Institute of Metrology, NIM)-中国科学院国家授时中心(National Time Service Center, NTSC)卫星双向时间传递链路作为待优化链路,以NTSC、NIM以及德国联邦物理技术研究所(Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt,PTB)之间的TWSTFT链路组成优化网络,对优化网络的组网方法和条件平差模型进行实验验证.结果表明,平差后待优化链路短期稳定度得到了改善,同时其受周日效应的影响降低了约24.6%.使用该方法,能够有效提高待优化链路的时间传递性能.  相似文献   

用日全食光谱探测太阳中低层大气对局部热动平衡的偏离          下载免费PDF全文

刘曦  屈中权  宋智明 《天文学报》2021,62(1):9-109

在太阳大气不同层次连续光谱中叠加有丰富的发射线或吸收线,对这些谱线轮廓进行反演分析可以探测太阳大气的化学成分和物理状态.太阳大气的色球及过渡区由于其密度低难以建立热动平衡,建立相应的大气模型需要采用非局部热动平衡(Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium,N-LTE)理论.根据相对偏离因子计算来研究太阳中低层大气偏离局部热动平衡(Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium,LTE)分布的情况.首先对日全食观测过程中得到色球和过渡区不同高度形成的两条光谱数据进行反演,得到确定观测谱线的参数信息,如连续谱源函数、谱线源函数、多普勒宽度和由此推出的等效动力学温度;根据这些反演出的谱线参量计算出二维视场内每个空间采样点偏离LTE状态的定量结果;其次,根据用于观测的积分视场单元光纤排布阵列重构出辐射强度、等效动力学温度和相对偏离因子二维分布.结果显示:在局部小区域,温度分布和相对偏离因子的分布存在较强相关性,而与辐射强度分布无明显相关.从两条谱线导出的等效温度和相对偏离因子分布存在明显的差异.这两种二维分布揭示出太阳大气某些小尺度区域具有较强的结构性和复杂性,为进一步理解太阳中低层大气物理提供了一种新的视角.  相似文献   

涌浪对风浪能量影响的实验研究     

黄必桂  郑桂珍  丛培秀 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(3)

在实验室风浪水槽中进行纯风浪和混合浪波面位移观测,研究波长较长的规则波对风浪能量的影响.本文用混合浪和纯风浪中的风浪显著波的零阶谱矩之比代表混合浪中的风浪与纯风浪能量之比,并以此表征涌浪对风浪能量的影响.研究了该能量比随涌浪波陡S、风区x、波龄倒数u/C、涌浪频率与纯风浪谱峰频率之比fs/fwp的变化规律.结果表明,涌浪对风浪能量的抑制作用随涌浪波陡的增加、波龄倒数的增大及涌浪频率与纯风浪谱峰频率之比的增大而增强.发现该能量比依赖于无因次量R=(1+80(πS)2)1.9(fs/fwp)0.9(u/C)0.27,并拟合得到2者的经验关系.此外,本文实验还发现,在某些情况下,涌浪的存在使风浪能量增加.  相似文献   

一种自适应匹配子空间亚像元目标探测方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜博  钟燕飞  张良培  李平湘 《遥感学报》2009,13(4):597-609

为了克服基于线性混合模型的高光谱遥感影像亚像元目标探测方法的缺陷, 提出了一种基于全限制性线性分解的自适应匹配子空间探测方法。首先利用交叉相关光谱匹配技术求得各个像元所含端元类别信息, 然后根据端元类别信息和全限制性分解的结果构造自适应匹配子空间探测算子, 利用端元类别信息在探测中动态选择端元, 降低端元数目估计偏差对探测结果的影响, 提高探测器对目标与背景的可分性。实验证明, 该方法与其他基于线性混合模型的亚像元目标探测方法相比, 可以更好地克服端元数目估计偏差对探测结果的影响, 无论是端元个数低估还是  相似文献   

Compass系统与GPS系统L1频段信号干扰仿真分析     

庄新彦  赵晓东  谭述森  赵文军  郭莉莉 《测绘学院学报》2009,(3)

全球导航卫星系统间的频率兼容性研究已经成为一个热点问题。首先介绍了国际电联建议的卫星导航系统间干扰分析方法;然后根据该方法对Compass系统和GPS系统在L1频段的信号进行了干扰仿真分析,并比较了系统间互干扰和系统自干扰的影响。仿真计算结果表明,除了互用信号L1C和B1C外,其余信号间的自干扰在总干扰中占主导,互干扰的影响相对较小。  相似文献   

GRACE和SLR观测的地球动力学扁率最大熵谱及小波相关分析          下载免费PDF全文

张子占  陆洋  许厚泽 《地球物理学报》2007,50(5):1383-1389

卫星重力测量技术的实现为测定地球动力学扁率提供了新的方式和途径,GRACE卫星是目前最新的重力测量卫星,据其恢复的低阶重力场较以往精度得到大大提高,然而其观测地球动力学扁率（二阶项）却与卫星激光测距（SLR）结果相差较大.本文采用最大熵谱和小波分析方法对GRACE和SLR观测的地球动力学扁率时间序列信号进行定量比较分析,结果表明：GRACE观测的地球动力学扁率年际周期变化振幅仅为SLR观测结果的25%,并且目前GRACE观测的地球动力学扁率数据中含有系统输入信息和相位差,但前者较后者包含有较强的短周期（2～6月）信息.造成这种差异的主要原因可能来自于GRACE与SLR全球观测数据时空分布不同.  相似文献   

多种类植被覆盖地区ASTER影像岩石、土壤信息提取方法研究   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

陈江  王安建  黄妙芬 《地球学报》2007,28(1):86-91

植被的发育限制了遥感在地质学方面的应用,特别是在多种类植被发育地区不能直接地根据波谱特征进行岩石与矿物方面的填图.利用线性波谱分离等技术方法可以从植被、基岩或土壤混合信息中区分出多类别植被波谱,从像元混合光谱中减去各植被类型所占的像元光谱强度,从而可以求出土壤光谱强度及其所占的份额,有效剥离出岩石和土壤信息.在试验区利用多种类植被干扰消除方法,进行遥感蚀变矿物和岩石填图,具有极大的可靠性.该技术可以在中等植被发育地区的遥感填图中得以推广和应用.  相似文献   

Attenuation of compressional waves in peridotite measured as a function of temperature at 200 MPa   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hiroki Sato  I. Selwyn Sacks  Tsutomu Murase  Gregory Muncill  Hiroyuki Fukuyama 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1988,128(1-2):433-447

A technique has been developed to determine attenuation in rocks at high temperature using a gas-media, high-pressure apparatus. A pulse transmission technique and a spectral ratio method are used to study compressional seismic properties of rocks. Seismic waves are transmitted to and from the sample through buffer rods of mullite. The effect of seismic wave reflections within the sample assembly are cancelled out by taking ratios of the spectra measured at different temperatures. In order to obtain good signal-to-noise ratio for resolving the attenuation at high pressure and temperature, special care is taken in the sample assembly and the ultrasonic coupling between the sample, buffer rods and transducers. A very tight connection of the sample-buffer rod-transducer is essential for obtaining high frequency signals (>300 kHz) at high temperature. A small mass is attached to each outside end of the transducer to drive low frequency signals (<250 kHz) into the sample. Before attenuation measurements, the sample and the buffer rods are tightly compacted in a platinum tube at high pressure and room temperature to ensure pressure seal of the sample assembly. The frequency range of measurement covers 50 to 450 kHz for the sample. Attenuation is very small in the buffer rod compared to the sample for the entire temperature range of the study. Because of the small attenuation, a wide frequency band of 50 kHz to 3.2 MHz can be covered for investigating the attenuation in the buffer rod. The technique has been used to measure attenuation at high confining pressure, and temperatures including sub- and hyper-solidus of upper mantle rocks. Therefore, effects of partial melting on attenuation can be studied.The method is applied to the attenuation measurement in a peridotite as a function of temperature to 1225°C at 200 MPa confining pressure. At high temperature, signal amplitude decays more rapidly at high frequency than at low frequency, from which attenuation (andQ) can be determined using a spectral ratio method. No frequency dependence ofQ is resolved for both the sample and the buffer rod over the entire temperature and frequency ranges of the measurement. The results show thatQ decreases rapidly with increasing temperature even in the temperature range below the solidus of peridotites. Such temperature sensitivity ofQ is probably more useful to probe thermal structure in the upper mantle than that of conductivity at temperatures below the solidus. The results in this study are compared with available seismic velocity, electrical conductivity and solidus data for peridotites, suggesting that there is no discontinuous change in both mechanical and electrical properties of peridotites at the solidus temperature. Even at hypersolidus temperatures, it appears that velocity drops and conductivity increases continuously (not abruptly) with increasing melt fraction. This implies that mechanical and electrical properties of the upper mantle will gradually change at the boundary where the geotherm crosses the solidus.  相似文献   

Global spectra of energy and enstrophy and their fluxes during July 1979     

S S Desai  S K Mishra 《Journal of Earth System Science》1993,102(2):329-350

Transient and stationary spectra of kinetic energy (KE), available potential energy (APE) and enstrophy (EN), and their spectral fluxes as a function of the two-dimensional wavenumbern were computed for July 1979. Triangular truncation at zonal wavenumber 42 was used for computation. The slopes of various spectra in the wavenumber range 14≤n≤25 were obtained by fitting a straight line in log-log scale by the least square method. The transientKE, APE andEN spectra in the lower (upper) troposphere had slopes −2·21 (−2·30), −2·65 (−2·64) and −0·36 (−0·46), respectively. The effect of stationary and divergent motion on the slope values was investigated. The possible correlation between the slope and percentage of transient component in the combined energy and enstrophy was examined to identify the transient motion of the atmosphere with the two-dimensional homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The vertically averaged slope of kinetic energy and enstrophy in the lower (upper) troposphere was close to the value at 700 (200) hPa level. The spectral fluxes of kinetic energy and enstrophy in the wavenumber range 14≤n≤25 satisfied, to a very rough approximation, the criteria of inertial subrange. The stationary fluxes were small. The estimated stationary-transient component of flux was larger, comparable and less than the corresponding transient flux of APE, KE and EN. Representative levels for computation of energy and enstrophy spectra and their fluxes in the lower and upper troposphere were identified.  相似文献