Carbohydrate and nutrient content in rhizomes of Phragmites australis from different habitats of Lake FertÕ/Neusiedlersee     

Mria Dinka  Pter Szeglet 《Limnologica》1999,29(1):47-59

Changes in the soluble sugar, starch, total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) and nutrient (N, P, K) concentration in the reed rhizome were investigated in different reed habitat types in Lake Fertõ/Neusiedlersee during the vegetation period in 1993 to 94. Three die-back and four vigorous reed stands were monitored.For biomass estimations rhizomes were collected twice, in early summer and in autumn. They were calculated to be 1.9 to 2.7 kg/m² at die-back and 3.1 to 6.1 kg/m² at vigorous sites.The carbohydrate and nutrient concentrations of the reed rhizomes were high at the beginning of the vegetation period; they reached their minima in May–June, which was followed by a gradual increase until the end of the vegetation period. From autumn to spring the concentrations decreased, e.g. TNC concentration by 15 to 40% at vigorous, 50 to 70% at die-back sites.In both years the lowest carbohydrate concentrations were recorded at the end of May, a month before the inflorescence developed (vigorous sites: 50–70 mg TNC/g, die-back sites: 70–120 mg TNC/g). In that period the standing stock of the TNC in the rhizome did not separate the sites clearly, and the smallest carbohydrate standing stock was measured at a vigorous site with a high water cover.At the beginning of summer and in autumn the soluble sugar, TNC and N concentration values were higher at the die-back than at the vigorous sites but the standing stock was higher at the vigorous sites. In autumn the TNC standing stock of the rhizomes was between 780 and 1200 g/m² at vigorous, between 380 and 690 g/m² at die-back sites. This is especially important for the reactions and resistance of die-back reed stands to unfavourable conditions.  相似文献   

太湖蚌类现存量及空间分布格局   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

薛涛涛  刘雄军  武瑞文  欧阳珊  吴小平 《湖泊科学》2019,31(1):202-210

于2016年10月和2017年10月对太湖全湖8个湖区129个样点的蚌类进行调查,分析蚌类的物种组成、现存量、空间分布及历史变化.共采集到蚌类704个个体,隶属8属14种.全湖蚌类平均生物量和密度分别为4.169±9.337 g/m²和0.164±0.386 ind./m²;各湖区蚌类平均生物量和密度差异较大,东部沿岸区生物量和密度最高,分别为14.975±16.743 g/m²和0.577±0.758 ind./m²;湖心区生物量和密度最低,仅为0.727±1.622 g/m²和0.029±0.071 ind./m².扭蚌（Arconaia lanceolata）、圆顶珠蚌（Unio douglasiae）和背角无齿蚌（Anodonta woodiana woodiana）为太湖现阶段的优势种.基于蚌类平均密度的聚类分析,8个湖区分为3类.与历史数据相比,太湖蚌类资源呈明显衰退趋势,现状不容乐观,需加强对太湖蚌类的保护和资源的有效管理.  相似文献   

2002年夏季南极普里兹湾及其邻近海域浮游植物现存量、初级生产力粒级结构和新生产力研究   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6  

刘诚刚  宁修仁  孙军  蔡昱明  曹建平 《海洋学报》2004,26(6):107-117

2002年1～2月,在南极普里兹湾及其北部海区对浮游植物生物量、优势种类组成、细胞丰度、初级生产力和新生产力的观测结果表明,叶绿素a浓度、初级生产力和新生产力的高值均出现在湾内及湾口陆架区,并且远高于陆坡和深海区.湾内和湾口陆架区表层叶绿素a浓度均高于1 mg/m3,平均为(2.34±0.85)mg/m3,而陆坡区和深海区平均只有(0.19±0.14)和(0.15±0.05)mg/m3.湾内和陆架区平均初级生产力[(355.8±192.1)mg/(m2·d)]高于陆坡区[(82.0±20.8)mg/(m2·d)]和深海区[(100.5±83.4)mg/(m2·d)].在陆坡和深海区初级生产力的粒级结构以微微型浮游生物(<2 μm)对初级生产力的贡献最大(分别为49.6%和46.2%),湾内和陆架区则以小型浮游生物(为20～280 μm)的贡献为主(66.2%).在湾内和湾口陆架区同时具有较高的新生产力和再生生产力.  相似文献   

电磁驻波法地球物理勘探     

吴以雄 《物探与化探》2008,32(6)

讨论了电磁波垂直于地层传播时,与反射电磁波干涉产生的驻波,并得出在地面形成波腹与波节的条件。测定波腹频率,就可以根据文中给出的推导方程,计算出地层厚度,以及地层底界面两侧介质电磁参数的相对大小。指出了至少有4个自然电磁波源辐射电磁波,可供人们进行电磁驻波法地球物理勘探使用。  相似文献   

中国古代气象灾害（2）     

卢敬华  刘纯武 《成都信息工程学院学报》1994,(2)

论述中国古代人们对气象灾害的认识以及时气象灾害的防治，以便为当代的防灾、减灾提供有益的借鉴。  相似文献   

The comparative influence of past management and rainfall on range herbaceous standing crop in east-central Argentina: 14 years of observations     

H.D Giorgetti  O.A Montenegro  G.D Rodriguez  C.A Busso  T Montani  M.A Burgos  A.C Flemmer  M.B Toribio  S.S Horvitz 《Journal of Arid Environments》1997,36(4):623-637

Impacts of six initial treatments and rainfall on maximum above-ground herbaceous standing crop were assessed in 1978 and annually from 1984 to 1992 in rangelands of east-central semi-arid Argentina. Treatments applied in 1977–1978 were: (1) untreated control; (2) burning; (3) herbicide application (shrub control); (4) Old Field 1 or (5) Old Field 2 (areas previously exposed to different degrees of mechanical soil disturbance for 25 years); and (6) overgrazing. Domestic herbivores were excluded thereafter from all treatments until 1993.During 1984–1992, total above-ground herbaceous standing crop often remained greater in both Old Fields than in the other treatments; highest mean values were 2336 and 1640 kg ha⁻¹for Old Field 1 and Old Field 2 treatments, respectively. Lowest total above-ground standing crops in all treatments (M = 296–475 kg ha⁻¹) occurred in 1989, the year with the lowest annual rainfall (257·5 mm). Desirable perennial grasses contributed most (44–100%) to total herbaceous standing crop in all treatments during the study period. Most of this standing crop was made up of the cool-season grassesPiptochaetium napostaense, Poa ligularis, Stipa clarazii, S. papposaandS. tenuis. Annual rainfall was closely related (p< 0·05) to total herbaceous and desirable perennial grass standing crops in most treatments, and accounted for most of the variation in herbage production between years.  相似文献   

Non‐linear response analyses of rectangular rigid bodies subjected to horizontal and vertical ground motion     

Tomoyo Taniguchi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(8):1481-1500

This investigation deals with non‐linear seismic responses of free‐standing rectangular rigid bodies on horizontally and vertically accelerating rigid foundations. The responses are classified into two initial responses and four subsequent responses, accordingly the equations of motion governing the liftoff, slip and liftoff–slip interaction motions and boundary conditions corresponding to commencement and termination of the motions are defined. The time histories of responses presented herein show that the body is sensitive to small changes in the friction coefficient and slenderness, and to the wave properties and intensity of ground motions. Systematic trends are observed: the bodies on the low‐grip foundation avoid overturning while they are allowed to slip regardless of details of ground motions; the long period earthquakes tend to make the body overturn and slip largely. In contrast, the timing when liftoff and slip commences and terminates and their directions do not directly correspond with intensity of ground motions. Moreover, the vertical ground motion adds irregularities on the responses, since it excites or damps the responses. It is concluded that governing equations of motion and boundary conditions in view of discontinuous non‐linear systems are necessary to analyse actual motions of the rectangular rigid bodies subjected to horizontal and vertical ground motion. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

圆筒形水工建筑物波浪荷工的试验研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

夏运强  陈兆林 《海洋工程》2002,20(3):81-86

在圆筒形水工建筑物的波压力测定试验基础上 ,通过多种波压力理论计算方法进行计算、比较和分析 ,采用半经验半理论方法 ,探讨性地提出一种适合圆筒形水工建筑物波浪荷载的分布及计算方法 ,该法表现形式简单 ,计算结果接近实测值 ,可为相关的工程设计提供参考依据  相似文献   

直立植被粗糙度和阻力分解的风洞实验研究   总被引：31，自引：10，他引：21  

刘小平  董治宝 《中国沙漠》2002,22(1):82-87

直立植被覆盖的床面上,由于直立植被消耗风动量,裸露床面上的剪切力因之降低,从而抑制风蚀。在风洞中用圆柱形木棒模拟直立植被,研究了地表总阻力系数C_D、直立植被阻力系数C_f和粗糙度z₀及其影响因素。实验结果表明,直立植被高度和密度对地表总阻力系数C_D和粗糙度z₀都有影响,但是程度不同。地表总剪切力分解为作用在直立植被上的剪切力和作用在裸露地表上的剪切力,表达式为τ=F_r/S+τ_s·S'/S。随着植被密度和高度增加,作用在植被上的剪切力增加,而作用在裸露地表上的剪切力减少。当侧影盖度L_c≥0.03时,τ_s可以忽略不计,用C_D=2u_*²/ u_z²+C_fL_c计算植被阻力系数C_f。计算出的直立植被阻力系数C_f与1/√L_c之间成线性关系,而与AR无关。这与Marshall在风洞中通过直接测量粗糙元的阻力计算出的粗糙元阻力系数遵循类似的规律。地表总阻力系数C_D与粗糙度z₀之间较好的相关性说明,只要采用适当的测量方法,用曲线拟合方法获得直立植被覆盖地表总阻力系数C_D和粗糙度z₀是可靠的。  相似文献   

接触氧化技术在公园景观水体功能恢复中的运用试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王立军  刘国才  黄继国  李跃迁  丛颖  沈照理  赵晓波 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,36(3):458-461

通过自行设计加工的试验装置,进行生物接触氧化技术在景观水体功能恢复中的试验研究。待处理的景观水体ρ(COD_Cr)为25~35 mg/L,ρ(NH₃-N)为2.2~3 mg/L,ρ(TP)为0.55~0.85 mg/L,有机负荷低,且水质变化幅度大。试验结果表明,在合适的运行参数下,生物接触氧化技术可以使经过处理的景观水体的ρ(COD_Cr)、ρ(NH₃-N)、ρ(TP)分别降至14.62 mg/L、0.26 mg/L、0.19 mg/L,满足地表水Ⅲ类水质标准,达到景观水体水质要求。  相似文献