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971.
972.
973.
给出了载体状态方程的严密公式和常用近似公式,详细讨论了两者之间的区别。在高精度GPS动态定位中的应用证明,常用近似公式对载体速度和加速度有显著的影响。 相似文献
974.
Yukio Sadahiro 《Journal of Geographical Systems》1999,1(4):323-346
This paper discusses the accuracy of spatial data estimated by areal interpolation, a process of transferring data from one
zonal system to another. A stochastic model is proposed which represents areal interpolations in diverse geographic situations.
The model is used to examine the relationship between estimation accuracy and the spatial distribution of estimation error
from a theoretical viewpoint. The analysis shows that the uniformity in error distribution improves the accuracy of areal
interpolation. Four areal interpolation methods are then assessed through numerical examinations. From this it is found that
the accuracy of simple interpolation methods heavily depends on the appropriateness of their hypothetical distributions, whereas
the accuracy of intelligent methods depends on the fitness of the range of supplementary data for that of true distribution.
Received: 19 February 1999/Accepted 17 September 1999 相似文献
975.
冯文灏 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1999,(2)
提出一种同时利用精密标准尺的长度精度和精密经纬仪的角度精度的方法,阐明建立此等控制网的理论与实际操作要点。此种方法还可用于一组GPS接收机的精度检验。 相似文献
976.
977.
978.
A. G. Journel 《Mathematical Geology》1999,31(8):931-953
The all-important process of data integration calls for algorithms that can handle secondary data often defined as nonlinear averages of the primary (hard) data over specific areas or volumes. It is suggested to approximate these nonlinear averages by linear averages of a nonlinear transform of the primary variable. Kriging of such nonlinear transforms, followed by the inverse transform, allows exact reproduction of all original data, both of point support and nonlinear volume averages. In a simulation mode, the previous cokriging provides the mean and variance of a conditional distribution from which to draw a simulated value, which is then backtransformed into a simulated value of the primary variable. The nonlinear averaged data values are then reproduced exactly. The direct sequential simulation algorithm adopted does not call for using any Gaussian distribution. 相似文献
979.
Jose M. Ruiz 《Marine Ecology》1999,20(1):1-9
Filter feeders such as bivalves are increasingly being shown to control phytoplankton blooms in eutrophic estuaries. The possibility of such a top-down effect on macroalgae, however, has not been considered previously even though most green tide algal species reproduce by pelagic swarmers that are equivalent to phytoplankton. This work presents circumstantial evidence from an oyster-culturing French embayment where, despite eutrophication since the mid-1970s, macroalgae did not proliferate until 1982. This was also the year when tributyltin pollution from antifouling paints dropped substantially following a world-wide prime ban that was implemented to save the shellfish industry. From the recorded evolution of the oyster stock, it is shown how tributyltin reduced the bivalve filter capacity within those years and resulted in Enteromorpha swarmers being much more likely to germinate and bloom. This suggests that the green tides had been successively contained by the biological activity and the chemical pressure. The effects of the latter on the former would thus have cascaded to ecosystem-level changes, and so the functional role of bivalves should be evaluated and preserved wherever relevant. 相似文献
980.
Lake water levels change under the influences of natural and/or anthropogenic environmental conditions. Among these influences are the climate change, greenhouse effects and ozone layer depletions which are reflected in the hydrological cycle features over the lake drainage basins. Lake levels are among the most significant hydrological variables that are influenced by different atmospheric and environmental conditions. Consequently, lake level time series in many parts of the world include nonstationarity components such as shifts in the mean value, apparent or hidden periodicities. On the other hand, many lake level modeling techniques have a stationarity assumption. The main purpose of this work is to develop a cluster regression model for dealing with nonstationarity especially in the form of shifting means. The basis of this model is the combination of transition probability and classical regression technique. Both parts of the model are applied to monthly level fluctuations of Lake Van in eastern Turkey. It is observed that the cluster regression procedure does preserve the statistical properties and the transitional probabilities that are indistinguishable from the original data. 相似文献