Effects of aspects on soil environment and plant growth on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau北大核心CSCD     

兰爱玉  林战举  范星文  姚苗苗 《冰川冻土》2023,(1):42-53

The different aspects lead to great differences in the processes of water,heat,and energy balance,which further affect the soil environment and the growth of alpine plants. Based on an experimental study with eight aspects（abbreviated as octagonal platform）of Huashixia frozen soil observation base on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the influence of aspects on soil environments and alpine vegetation growth was studied. The results showed that：（1）After 6 years,the soil temperature of each slope near the surface（10 cm and 30 cm depth）from high to low was as follows：south > southeast > southwest > west > east > northwest > northeast > north,that is,the relatively sunny slope（east,southeast,south and southwest）was higher than the relatively shady slope（west,northwest,north and northeast）. However,there was no significant difference in soil water con⁃ tent between the sunny slope and the shady slope at the depth of 0~30 cm. （2）The growth trend of aboveground vegetation（including plant height,coverage and aboveground biomass）on sunny slope was better than that on shady slope. The growth trend of underground vegetation（including root depth and underground biomass）on sunny slope was worse than that on shady slope. （3）In the depth of 0~10 cm,the content of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen on sunny slope was higher than that on shady slope. However,the content of total phosphorus on sunny slope was lower than that on shady slope. There was no significant difference in total potassium and available nutrients among different slopes（P>0. 05）. In general,the effect of temperature on vegetation growth and nutrient distribution is significant in alpine regions,and these findings provides an important reference for vegetation restoration and energy balance research in different aspects. © 2023 The Author(s).  相似文献   

硅钾肥对青菜产量品质和土壤养分影响研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵风兰  刘彩玲  张洁 《地域研究与开发》2012,31(6):161-164

采取等养分及土培试验方法,进行硅钾肥在不同施肥条件下对青菜产量、维生素含量、硝酸盐含量、重金属元素含量以及土壤养分含量影响的试验,分析施用硅钾肥对提高蔬菜产量品质和土壤养分的作用。结果显示:施用硅钾肥可以有效提高土壤有效氮和土壤有效磷含量,明显提高青菜的产量和青菜中维生素含量,减少青菜硝酸盐含量,降低青菜中重金属元素镉、铬、铅等的含量。  相似文献   

杉木与楠木凋落叶混合分解及其P、K动态     

江淼华  程徐冰  杨建忠  郭剑芬 《福建地理》2012,(3):14-19

将杉木、楠木凋落叶及以二者不同比例混合的凋落叶置于果园林内进行分解和P、K动态的研究,结果表明：杉木和楠木凋落叶混合处理的分解速率均大于单独分解的纯杉木和纯楠木凋落叶.各凋落叶分解过程中,P浓度略有增加,而K浓度基本呈下降趋势.纯杉木凋落叶分解过程中P、K残留率均比纯楠木叶的低.杉楠混合分解的P、K释放率基本上大于单独的纯楠木叶.杉木与楠木凋落叶混合分解对其P和K的释放有一定的促进作用.  相似文献   

Development of a new index for integrating landscape patterns with ecological processes at watershed scale   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

Liding Chen  Huiying Tian  Bojie Fu  Xinfeng Zhao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2009,19(1):37-45

Understanding the relationship between landscape patterns and ecological processes has been a central yet challenging research theme in landscape ecology. Over the past decades, many landscape metrics have been proposed but few directly incorporated ecological processes. In this paper, we developed a landscape index, namely, location-weighted landscape index (LWLI) to highlight the role of landscape type in ecological processes, such as nutrient losses and soil erosion. Within the framework of the Lorenz curve theory, we develop this index by integrating landscape pattern and point-based measurements at a watershed scale. The index can be used to characterize the contribution of landscape pattern to ecological processes (e.g. nutrient losses) with respect to a specific monitoring point in a watershed. Through a case study on nutrient losses in an agricultural area in northeastern China, we found that nutrient losses tended to be higher for a watershed with a higher LWLI value, and vice versa. It implied that LWLI can be used to evaluate the potential risk of nutrient losses or soil erosion by comparing their values across watersheds. In addition, this index can be extended to characterize ecological processes, such as the effect of landscape pattern on wildlife inhabitation and urban heat island effect. Finally, we discuss several problems that should be paid attention to when applying this index to a heterogeneous landscape site.  相似文献   

南澳岛植被恢复过程中不同阶段土壤的变化   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

周厚诚  任海  向言词  彭少麟  李萍 《热带地理》2001,21(2):104-107,112

采用时空互代法研究南澳岛植被恢复过程中不同阶段土壤变化，在植被恢复的过程中，该岛土壤pH值按退化草坡→人工林→次生林的顺序呈现出逐步降低的趋势，土壤全氮含量、速效磷和交换性K、Ca、Mg都随植被从草坡向次生林恢复过程而呈现逐步增加的趋势，虽然草坡10cm土壤有机质比10年龄的人工林群落2种群落3高，但却比群4、群落5、群落和群落8低，植被恢复过程中凋落物贮量也增加，其趋势同土壤养分增加是一致的，南澳岛在植被恢复过程中土壤结构和营养得到改善，而这又会促进植被恢复，同大陆相比，海岛土壤的交换性K、Ca、Mg含量较高，这可能同海岛特殊生境有关。  相似文献   

紫色土不同土体的土壤养分和酶活性特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何毓蓉  成文 《山地学报》1993,(4)

对紫色土未培肥和培肥的不同土体,在小麦生育期内土壤养分和酶活性的动态测定结果表明:未培肥土体的全氮、有效磷、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶有明显变化。尤其是砂土在改变为不同质地的土体后,上述土壤养分和酶活性都有所提高。培肥土体的土壤有机质、全氮、有效钾明显增加,土壤酶活性增强。砂土培肥的效果最显著。所以改变土体质地,并加以培肥,有助于提高土壤肥力,防治紫色土退化。  相似文献   

澜沧江上游山地典型区不同利用方式的土壤肥力性状   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

田昆  莫剑锋  陆梅  常凤来  杨永兴 《山地学报》2004,22(1):87-91

选取澜沧江上游山地8种典型土壤利用方式对土壤性质变化进行对比研究，结果表明：土壤有机质、全氮、有效氮、速效磷、速效钾、铵态氮、硝态氮之间存在显著差异，但垂直空间变异上差异不大。天然阔叶林破坏后，无论是次生林还是人工种植的经济林或是坡耕地和荒地，土壤养分均呈现不同程度的衰减退化。综合土壤7项指标计算定量反映土壤退化和改善程度的退化指数，表明针叶林、坡耕地、禾草荒地及桉树林退化最为严重。  相似文献   

克拉玛依地区土壤速效微量养分空间变异特征   总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10  

马黎春  盛建东  蒋平安  汤庆峰 《干旱区地理》2004,27(2):202-206

用地统计学方法研究了克拉玛依地区土壤速效微量养分的空间变异特征 ,并绘制了微量养分空间分布图。结果表明 :土壤速效微量养分在整个研究区内均表现出中等变异水平 ,其变异性大小表现为 :速效Mo >速效B >速效Mn >速效Zn。除速效硼外 ,其它微量元素都表现出很强的空间结构性 ,速效Zn、Mn变程较短 ,分别为 8.7km和 5 .2km ,速效Mo、B变程较长 ,分别为 4 1km和 6 6 .4km。基于半方差函数模型 ,用普通克里格法对研究区土壤速效微量养分进行了克里格插值 ,结果表明 :速效Zn在研究区内普遍缺乏 ,速效B、速效Mn含量较丰富 ,而速效Mo含量在整个研究区表现出明显的差异性。  相似文献   

物理及生物技术在密云水库富营养化防治中的应用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

董悦安  孟庆义  顾华  张景峰  高云柱 《地学前缘》2005,12(Z1):77-82

为防治密云水库富营养化问题,应用部分物理和生物技术进行现场试验。吸附性材料净水试验后,试验区内水中氮的浓度和磷的浓度比对照区都有所下降,这将对藻类生长所需的营养物质量起到一定的控制作用。水葫芦净化水体试验说明,试验区内水体的总磷和总氮浓度皆低于对照水体的,这将控制藻类生长所需的营养物质量,即控制藻类的生长速度。机械除藻试验后,水中的叶绿素含量比除藻前下降60%~100%。表底层水体交换试验后,试验区内表、中层水体的温度有所下降,温度降低将抑制表、中层水体中藻细胞的繁殖速率,对水华的发生将起到一定的抑制作用。  相似文献   

不同还田方式下稻草的腐解速率及养分释放规律     

李逢雨涂仕华  王昌全冯文强孙锡发  秦鱼生 《山地学报》2006,24(B10):92-97

采用尼龙网袋法和砂滤管法研究了稻草不同还田方式下的腐解及养分释放规律。结果表明：稻草还田后，前期腐解快，后期较慢。翻埋还田的稻草腐解速率明显快于覆盖还田稻草，整个试验期间（210d）翻埋还田的稻草腐解率达到76．55％，而覆盖还田的稻草仅为53．50％。稻草覆盖与翻埋两种还田方式下养分释放速率均以钾（K）最快，磷（P）次之，氮（N）最慢。还田10d内，两种方式下K分别释放了50．32％和90．13％。稻草与土壤充分混合条件下，稻草和土壤矿化释放的氮以NO3-N为主（〉80％），NH4-N和可溶性有机氮较少；在稻草还田后的前40d存在土壤微生物与作物竞争土壤矿质氮的现象，40d之后此现象消失，稻草开始氮的净矿化；在稻草埋入土壤时同时配施适量的氮肥，则不会出现微生物的夺氮现象。整个试验期间，该土壤氮净矿化量达90．4mg／kg土。  相似文献