渭河三阳川盆地最高级阶地的年代厘定及其对河谷发育的指示意义     

王营  高红山  赵珂梓  李宗盟  刘芬良  潘保田 《山地学报》2020,38(1):1-8

青藏高原东缘水系的演化历史长期存在着重大争议,鉴于任一水系的形成演化都是通过主要河谷的发育及其不断延展与整合完成的,因此确定河谷发育的起始时代是研究水系演化的关键。本文针对渭河上游三阳川盆地最高级阶地形成时代的研究,发现李家小湾河流阶地砾石层的ESR年代为1.26±0.15 Ma和1.32±0.19 Ma,26Al/10Be埋藏年代为1.45±0.70 Ma和1.04±0.43 Ma,说明该段河谷形成于早更新世晚期。综合青藏高原东缘夷平面、剥蚀面与河流阶地的研究成果,推断该区现代河谷系列主要形成于1.2 Ma以后,河流平均下切速率较高,为0.1~0.32 m/ka,指示了中更新世以来该区快速的地表抬升与河谷发育过程;而其前少数地段的先成河谷下切速率介于0.04~0.29 m/ka之间,说明区域地势总体低平,地表过程以剥蚀夷平为主,即高原东缘的现今水系格局主要是第四纪期间构造和气候共同作用下河流侵蚀的产物。  相似文献   

长江口外内陆架埋藏古河谷的河型判别方法探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘奎  庄振业  刘东雁  叶银灿 《海洋湖沼通报》2009,(1)

根据大量高分辨率单道地震和浅地层剖面资料,在长江口外内陆架发现了大量埋藏古河谷,根据埋藏古河谷断面的形态参数,加以公式计算得到古河谷其它特征参数,使用宽深比-曲率和比降-河宽2种河型判别方法分析判别了该古河谷的河型,认为比降-河宽法在该区域河型判别中具有较好的效果,并判别出晚更新世末次盛冰期和冰消期古长江在研究区域以辫状型河道为主.  相似文献   

Surface morphology of soil cracks in Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Region, Southwest China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Donghong Xiong  Yi Long  Dongchun Yan  Xiaoning Lu  Zhonghua Ji  Haidong Fang 《山地科学学报》2009,6(4):373-379

Surface morphology of soil cracks is one of the important factors influencing the water evaporation rate in cracked soil in Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Region, Southwest China. Quantitative study of the complicated surface morphology of soil cracks is a prerequisite for further studies of soil-cracking mechanisms. The present paper establishes a quantitative indicator system by application of concepts and methods originating from Fractal Geometry and Network Analysis. These indicators can effectively express the complicated features of soilcrack network structure. Furthermore, a series of values related to soil-crack morphology was obtained by image processing on field photos of soil-crack quads, and gradation criteria for the degree of development of soil cracks were determined. Finally, the changes in values of the morphological indicators under different degrees of development were analyzed in detail. Our results indicate that （1） the degree of development of soil cracks can be divided into five grades, i.e., feeble development, slight development, medium development, intensive development and extremely intensive development; （2） the values of the indicators change predictably with increasing degree of development of soil cracks. The area density （Dc） increases, and both the area-weighted mean ratio of crack area to perimeter （AWMARP）, which reflects the intensity of cracking, and the index r, which is related to the connectivity of a soil crack, grow uniformly （albeit with different forms）. AWMRAP increases at a geometric rate while r shows logarithmmic growth, indicating a gradual increase in the connectivity of a soil crack. Nevertheless, the areaweighted mean of soil-crack fractal dimension （AWMFRAC） shows a decreasing trend, indicating a gradual decline in the complexity of cracks as area density increases.  相似文献