渤海水交换的数值研究-水质模型对半交换时间的模拟   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

魏皓  田恬  周锋  赵亮 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(4):519-525

介绍了几种关于水交换的概念和模型。认为以水质模型模拟半交换时间研究海域的水交换能力更全面、客观。对渤海水交换的研究表明 ,由于渤海环流结构及季节变化 ,使得渤海 3个海湾及渤海中部交换能力相差很大 ,莱州湾交换能力最强 ,辽东湾特别是其西部海域交换能力最弱。交换时间与物质初始浓度无关 ,与投放时刻、外源强迫密切相关。在治理渤海环境时 ,应分区进行 ,注意选择污染物排放时间和位置  相似文献   

胶州湾水交换的数值研究   总被引：39，自引：4，他引：39  

赵亮  魏皓  赵建中 《海洋与湖沼》2002,33(1):23-29

基于一个成熟的水动力模型ECOM（Estuary Coastal Ocean Model），对胶州湾潮波系统及其驱动下的标识质点运移规律进行数值模拟。将胶州湾划分为6个区域，定量研究了整个海湾水的存留时间和不同区域水的交换能力，并指出流场结构对湾内水交换起了决定性作用。研究结果表明，湾内两余流涡对质点运动起阻碍作用，使得流入余流涡对的质点很难流出；海湾水交换有赖于初始投放时刻；东岸区域质点运移规律表明，东岸排污对前海旅游区和西岸养殖区均无很大影响。  相似文献   

赤道行星波对西赤道太平洋暖池热传播的作用     

石强  许建平  朱伯康 《海洋学研究》2003,21(3):1-13

利用热带海洋和全球大气试验(TOGA)期间(1980～1996年)热带大气海洋观测阵(TAO)的长期浮标资料,分析了赤道行星波对西赤道太平洋暖池热传播的作用。结果表明,西赤道太平洋暖池纬向热传播主要出现在次表层水体中,并沿温跃层向东传播;而向西传播的季节热结构变化主要出现在中、西赤道太平洋的混合层中;驻波型传播在西赤道太平洋主要出现于温跃层,在中赤道太平洋主要出现于混合层和温跃层,在东赤道太平洋主要出现于混合层。在平均条件下,赤道太平洋上层水温纬向热传播信号以驻波型和东传型较强,西传型较弱。赤道Kelvin波压力分量贯穿西、东赤道太平洋并向东输送暖池热能,纬向流分量的热输送主要出现在西赤道太平洋;Rossby波压力分量的热输送主要出现在东、中赤道太平洋;混合Rossby重力波激发纬向流的热输送作用比相应温跃层扰动强。在平均条件下,赤道太平洋上层水温的驻波型变化制约了西赤道太平洋暖池热量的持续向东输送,因此形成了赤道太平洋水温的正常季节变化形态。当水温的驻波型变化减弱而东传型变化加强时,随后将形成厄尔尼诺现象。  相似文献   

黄、东海热量平衡对海水温度变化贡献的估算     

赵永平  陈永利  杨连素  张必成 《海洋学报》1992,14(4):10-18

用多年平均水温和海面热量收支资料,计算了黄、东海热量平衡,估算了海面热量收支、海洋平流热输送、水体内部涡动热扩散等对水体温度变化的影响,讨论了冷暖水体分布和海洋平流热输送分布的概况.结果指出:秋冬季节,水温迅速下降的原因主要是海面蒸发耗热和南向的冷平流热输送;春夏季节,水温迅速上升的原因主要是进入海面的太阳总辐射的增加和北向的暖平流热输送.结果还指出,黄、东海区,冷水主要位于朝鲜西岸邻近海域和东海东部,前者冬季强,后者春季强,二者均从秋季开始出现,夏季消失;黑潮及其分支的暖平流热输送,春季最大,冬季次之,秋季最小;南向的冷平流热输送,秋季最大,冬季次之,春季最小.  相似文献   

Numerical Simulation of Water Exchange Characteristics of the Jiaozhou Bay Based on A Three-Dimensional Lagrangian Model   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王翠  张学庆  孙英兰 《中国海洋工程》2009,23(2):277-290

Based on theory of three-dimensional hydrodynamics,an Euler-Lagrangian particle model is established to study the transport and water exchange capability in the Jiaozhou Bay.The three-dimensional hydrodynamic model,driven by tide and wind,is used to study the effects of wetting and drying of eatuarine intertidal flats by the dry-wet grid technology based on the Estuarine,Coastal and Ocean Model (ECOM).The particle model includes the advection and the diffusion processes,of which the advection process is simulated with a certain method,and the diffusion process is simulated with the random walk method.The effect of the intertidal zone,the turbulent diffusion and the timescales of the water exchange are also discussed.The results show that a moving boundary model can simulate the transport process of the particle in the intertidal zone,where the particles are transported for a longer distance than that of the stationary result.Simulations with and without the turbulent random walk show that the effect of turbulent diffusion is very effective at spreading particles throughout the estuary and speeding up the particle movement.The spatial distribution of residence time is given to quantify the water exchange capability that has very important ramifications to water quality.The effect of wind on the water exchange is also examined and the southeasterly wind in summer tends to block the water exchange near the northeast coast,while the northerly wind in winter speeds up the transport process.These results indicate that the Lagrangian particle model is applicable and has a large potential to help understanding the water exchange capability in estuaries,which can also he useful to simulate the transport process of contaminant.  相似文献   

桑沟湾养殖海域营养盐和沉积物-水界面扩散通量研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

孙珊  刘素美  任景玲  张继红  蒋增杰 《海洋学报》2010,32(6):108-117

利用2006年4,7,11月和2007年1月4个航次对桑沟湾养殖海域的观测资料,分析了该海域营养盐分布、结构特征、主要控制过程以及沉积物-水界面扩散通量,结果表明,该海域的营养盐分布具有明显的季节变化,海水中NO3-,NO2-,PO43-,DOP,TDP和SiO32-浓度皆是秋季最高,而NH4+,DON,TDN浓度则为夏季最高;各种营养盐的最低值除DON外都出现在春季。春季湾内外海水交换不畅,再加上大型藻类海带等生长旺盛期的消耗,使营养盐浓度处于较低水平,在夏秋两季丰水期沿岸河流注入对该海域营养盐的影响较大,冬季无机营养盐浓度分布主要受沿岸流的影响。磷的结构变化较大,其中DOP百分含量在夏季最高,达到81%。从春季到秋季海水中TDN的结构变化从以DON为主转变成以DIN为主。硅和氮的原子比值全年变化不大,硅和氮和氮和磷原子比值春夏两季的高于秋冬季的。分析营养盐化学计量限制标准和浮游植物生长的最低阈值结果表明,磷是春夏两季桑沟湾浮游植物生长的限制性因素;春季硅浓度低于浮游植物生长的最低阀值,也是一个潜在的限制因素。计算结果显示桑沟湾沉积物释放的NH4+,SiO32-和PO43-对初级生产力的贡献较小,与其他浅海环境相比,桑沟湾沉积物-水界面的营养盐通量处于较低或中等水平。  相似文献   

2008/2009年冬季南海冷涌天气过程的海-气热通量交换及热量收支     

王长科  黄磊  闫俊岳  孙启振  姚华栋  赵学华  陈长丘 《海洋学报》2012,34(3):27-40

冬季风期(11月—翌年3月)南海显著的气候特点是盛行东北季风并频繁地发生冷涌天气过程。使用2008年10月到2009年4月在西沙群岛永兴岛近海进行的海-气通量观测试验资料,分析了西沙海域冬季风期,尤其是冷涌时段的海-气通量交换和热量收支特征。结果表明:冬季风前期由于海-气温差增大,感热通量比西南季风期稍增加;潜热通量平均值与西南季风期接近;太阳总辐射明显降低,大气长波辐射减小,海洋热量净收入成为负值,使得秋季之后海面温度不断降低。冷涌期间海-气之间的感热通量高于冬季风期平均值,潜热通量大部分(1月份之前)也高于冬季风期平均值;由于潜热通量增大和太阳短波辐射减小,1月份之前的冷涌过程海洋热量净收支普遍出现较大负值,海洋失热量强于冬季风期,甚至强于2008年台风过程平均值。到了冬季后期太阳总辐射增强,海洋热量净收入转为正值,海水温度又逐渐升高。季节之间比较,观测区感热通量以冬季风期间最大,秋季次之,春季最小;而潜热通量夏季风期出现最大值,冬季次之,秋季最小。  相似文献   

A heat budget study on the mechanism of SST variations in the Indian ocean dipole regions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

HU Ruijin LIU Qinyu LI Chongyin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(4):334-342

By using a new heat budget equation that is closely related to the sea surface temperature （SST） and a dataset from an ocean general circulation model （MOM2） with 10-a integration （1987-1996）, the relative importance of various processes determining SST variations in two regions of the Indian Ocean is compared. These regions are defined by the Indian Ocean Dipole Index and will be referred to hereafter as the eastern （0^＊-10^＊S, 90^＊-110^＊E） and western regions （10^＊S- 10^＊N, 50^＊-70^＊E）, respectively. It is shown that in each region there is a falling of SST in boreal summer and a rising in most months of other seasons, but the phases are quite different. In the eastern region, maximum cooling rate occurs in July, whereas in the western region it occurs in June with much larger magnitude. Maximum heating rate occurs in November in the eastern region, but in March in the western one. The western region exhibits another peak of increasing rate of SST in October, indicating a typical half-year period. Net surface heat flux and entrainment show roughly the same phases as the time-varying term, but the former has much larger contribution in most of a year, whereas the latter is important in the boreal summer. Horizontal advection, however, shows completely different seasonal variations as compared with any other terms in the heat budget equation. In the eastern region, it has a maximum in June/November and a minimum in March/ September, manifesting a half-year period; in the western region, it reaches the maximum in August and the minimum in November. Further investigation of the horizontal advection indicates that the zonal advection has almost the opposite sign to the meridional advection. In the eastern region, the zonal advection is negative with a peak in August, whereas the meridional one is positive with two peaks in June and October. In the western region, the zonal advection is negative from March to November with two peaks in June and November, whereas the meridional one is positive with one peak in July. Different phases can be clearly seen between the two regions for each component of the horizontal advection. A detailed analysis of the data of 1994, a year identified when the Indian Ocean dipole event happened, indicates that the horizontal advection plays a dominant role in the remarkable cooling of the eastern region, in which zonal and meridional advections have the same sign of anomaly. However, in the western region in 1994 no any specialty was shown as compared with other years, for the SST anomaly is not positive in large part of this region. All these imply that the eastern and western regions may be related in a quite complex way and have many differences in dynamics. Further study is needed.  相似文献   

Characteristics of Thermal and Geopotential Height Differences Between Continent and Ocean and Its Role in the Strength of the Asian Summer Monsoon     

Andrea Silverman SUN Jilin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(4):366-376

The interdecadal factors affecting the summer monsoon winds over Somalia and the South China Sea were studied. Global geopotential heights and wind velocity fields of the 850-hPa and 200-hPa pressure levels, as well as sea surface temperature anomaly data and correlation coefficients were analyzed. The monsoons over Somalia and the South China Sea were found to be two different monsoon systems, operating on different mechanisms and being affected by different ocean-atmosphere interactions. The intensity of the Asian subtropical summer monsoon is influenced by the intensity of the summer monsoon over Somalia in the month of June and by the intensity of the summer monsoon over the South China Sea in the months of June and July. The summer monsoon wind strength over Somalia is affected by regional factors, such as the heating of the Tibetan plateau, and by global mechanisms, such as the subtropical heat exchange with Antarctica. The summer monsoon over the South China Sea is affected by different ocean-atmosphere interactions. The Somalia and subtropical summer monsoons have wind blowing down the pressure gradient from area over ocean to that over land, like typical summer monsoons. The South China Sea summer monsoon has winds that blow down the pressure gradient from area over land to that over ocean. The South China Sea summer monsoon is affected by the Kuroshio Current off the east coast of Japan.  相似文献   

太湖水体交换周期变化(1986-2018年)及对水质空间格局的影响     

朱伟  程林  薛宗璞  冯甘雨  王若辰  张昱  赵帅  胡思远 《湖泊科学》2021,33(4):1087-1099

针对太湖水体交换周期近十余年发生的变化,本文收集整理了1986-2018年太湖水文巡测、汛期水文巡测数据以及太湖流域沿江城市引水量、流域降雨量变化数据,基于太湖出入湖水量的变化研究了太湖水体交换周期的变化及原因,并对交换周期变化对水质空间格局的影响进行分析.结果 表明:太湖入湖水量有显著上升,2007年以来平均每年入湖...  相似文献