论三角测量单位权方差的先验估计与后验估计     

覃辉 《四川测绘》1994,(1)

三角洲量单位权方差的先验估值一般用经典菲列罗公式计算。实践中，经常出现三角测量单位权方差的先验估值不等于后验估值的情形．本文根据条件平差的原理，证明了单位权方基的先验估值是有偏估计，经典菲列罗公式是后验估计公式的特殊形式，并推导出了广义菲列罗公式。  相似文献   

甲基异丁基酮负载泡塑富集—原子吸收测定岩矿中痕量金银铊镉   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4  

陈金武  曾法刚 《岩矿测试》1993,12(2):85-88

研究了多种负载泡塑对Au、Ag、Ti、Cd的富集行为。提出了在HCI-KI-抗坏血酸介质中用甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)负载泡塑同时萃取,然后用2％硫脲-1％HCl解脱的富集方法,并采用火焰原子吸收连续测定地质样品中痕量Au、Ag、Tl和Cd,方法的测定下限(μg/g)分别为:0.2g、0.05、0.20和0.04。  相似文献   

轮南油田原油中三甲基苯基类异戊二烯化合物的检出及其意义     

卢鸿孙永革  彭平安 《高校地质学报》2004,10(2):283-289

轮南油田不同时代储层原油中检出了丰富的三甲基苯基类异戊二烯化合物。该类化合物被普遍认为是来自于高盐度和强还原水体沉积环境中绿硫菌体内的类胡萝卜素的特征性生物标志化合物。该类化合物的检出对轮南油田烃源岩研究具有重要的指示意义，暗示了具有分层水体或高盐度的强还原环境下发育的优势烃源岩，对该区烃类的主力生烃贡献不容忽视。基于C15-3，4，5-三甲基苯基类异戊二烯异构体在轮南油田原油中的分布规律，及C15-3，4，5／C13-2，3，6-比值与Pr／Ph，Ga／C31H和Ts／Tm等常规地球化学参数的对比，说明具有生源意义、能够指示沉积相特征的三甲基苯基类异戊二烯化合物分布，在一定程度上也受烃类热演化程度的影响。  相似文献   

1-甲基咔唑的结构参数及其热稳定性     

陈传平  包建平  朱翠山 《地质科技情报》2006,25(2):57-59

利用1-甲基咔唑的分子结构参数,计算了吡咯环氮上氢原子与1-甲基间的距离,计算结果小于氢原子和1-甲基的范德华半径之和,说明氢原子和1-甲基之间存在空间位阻,这一作用迫使键角张大,或是发生扭转,使原子或基团离开芳香环平面,表明咔唑环上1-或8-甲基在化学热力学上是不稳定的,而在咔唑环可能的甲基化中,1-或8-甲基化反应速率较快,推测有更多的产物生成.  相似文献   

Mercury anthropogenic loadings vs. mercury levels in fish： Baihua Reservoir as an exemplary case study     

《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):236-236

It is still disputed in the scientific community whether it is possible to trace a direct link or even proportionality between mercury （Hg） anthropogenic loadings to lake ecosystems and resulting methylmercury （MeHg） levels found in fish tissues. We present here the exemplary case of the Baihua Reservoir, located on the Maotiahoe River, near Guiyang （Guizhou, China）. Baihua was impacted for many years by Hg-contaminated effluents from industrial source. While sedimentary profiles exhibit extreme enrichment in sedimentary Hg burden, fish species harvested from the reservoir still present low Hg levels. Thus we propose here that in the case of Hg, loading does not tell it all and one must take it into account the net methylation capacity of lake ecosystems and its ability to efficiently bioaccumulate MeHg along the trophic web.  相似文献   

Mercury concentrations in a contaminated river system in Kazakhstan and biomonitoring of the local population     

Susanne M. Ullrich Huiwen HSIAO 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):238-239

The River Nura in central Kazakhstan has been heavily contaminated by mercury （Hg） from an acetaldehyde plant located in the industrial city of Temirtau. The plant released Hg-containing wastewater into the river from the 1950s until the mid 1990s and strongly contaminated the bed sediments up to 25 km downstream. In addition, a local power station released an estimated 6 million tonnes of fly-ash into the water which has adsorbed much of the Hg and has become mixed with the natural sediments. River water,fish and agricultural land in the floodplain are also contaminated by Hg. Humans are exposed to Hg primarily via the consumption of contaminated fish from the river. A survey was undertaken in June/July 2005 to investigate Hg concentrations in river water, drinking water, sediments and fish. To estimate the risk posed to the local population, approximately 300 hair samples were collected from people living in villages near the most contaminated section of the river, at a distance of between 5 and 30 km downstream of the acetaldehyde plant, and their dietary habits were recorded. Mercury concentrations in river water ranged from 2-3 ng/L upstream of the source of the pollution to 348 ng/L downstream of the factory outfall pipe. Some drinking water wells close to the river were contaminated, but deeper wells had Hg concentrations below the detection limit.  相似文献   

High exposure of Chinese mercury mine workers to elemental mercury vapor and their increased hair methylmercury levels： A preliminary report     

Mineshi Sakamoto Xinbin FENG Ping LI Guangle QIU Hongmei JIANG Minoru Yoshida Toyoto Iwata Xiaojie LIU Katsuyuki Murata 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):42-43

Objectives： To assess the exposure to elemental mercury （Hg0） vapor and methylmercury （MeHg） among mercury mine workers in an area of Guizhou Province, China. Methods： Urine total mercury （THg） and hair THg and MeHg were measured in 26 mercury miners and smelters （i.e., exposed group）, and 52 control subjects （unexposed group）. Results： The mine workers showed high geometric mean THg concentrations in urine （258 ng/mL, 226 μg/g creatinine） and hair （20.0 μg/g）. The urine Hg level of smelters, in particular, was extremely high （338 μg/g creatinine in urine）. The highest urine THg reached 4580 μg/g creatinine. THg concentrations in urine and hair showed a significant correlation in the exposed group （r=0.62）, indicating the adhesion of HgO vapor to hair. However, no such significant correlation was found in the control group.  相似文献   

Mercury levels in surface waters of six reservoirs in the Wujiang River     

《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):151-151

  相似文献   

天然管状矿物埃洛石负载TiO_2的微结构及对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解研究     

卢先初  传秀云 《地质学报》2006,80(4):615

埃洛石是一种天然的管状粘土矿物,在环境治理方面有广泛的应用。室温条件下通过钛酸丁脂的水解反应在埃洛石上负载了TiO_2。分别在避光条件和紫外光照射下,通过亚甲基蓝溶液的降解研究了埃洛石和负载TiO_2埃洛石的吸附和光催化性能。通过亚甲基蓝被吸附和降解的量,评价了样品的吸附和光催化性能。由于复合了吸附和光催化性能,负载TiO_2埃洛石能迅速降解水中的有机污染物——亚甲基蓝,其降解速度要快于纯埃洛石,因为纯埃洛石只有吸附性能。这是埃洛石应用研究方面的一次新尝试。该研究对大气和水体中各种污染物的去除和降解必然有积极的指…  相似文献   

氯化钠存在下氯化亚锡-十六烷基三甲基氯化铵体系浮选分离复杂金属基体中锇   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高云涛 杨宏施润菊  项朋志 《岩矿测试》2006,25(3):246-248

研究了氯化钠存在下氯化亚锡-十六烷基三甲基氯化铵体系对Os（Ⅳ）-三氯锡酸络阴离子的浮选行为。实验表明，在盐酸介质中，体系可以浮选分离Os（Ⅳ），其浮选率为95．2％。98.0％。方法加标回收率为94．0％-98．5％，精密度为2．1％-7．7％（RSD，n=5）。方法可用于从大量基体金属中分离Os（Ⅳ），对实际样品分离的分析结果与其他方法推荐值相符。  相似文献