干旱区高山-盆地系统深部水资源的赋存和估算——以河西走廊西段为例   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

姚足金  陈德华 《地球科学》2001,26(3):291-296,327

现行西北地区水资源评价，是基于下列水文地质概念模型：（1）作为主要补给源地的山区，其与盆地之间存在“阻水屏障”；（2）山区形成的地下水基本上已全部汇入出山河谷，流向盆地绿洲，经实地勘探水化学同位素分析与资料研究，认为现行“模型”不符合地质实际。在引用国外高山区产流数值模拟成果的基础上，采用比拟法估算出研究区，由山区通过基岩向盆地绿洲作侧向补给的大致数量。新概念模型的建立，意味着西北高山－盆地系统的绿洲基岩不深处，赋存有相当数量以前未被计入的、可供开发的水资源。  相似文献   

高山流域分布水文系统的研究—以意大利北部Ampezzan Dolomites Upper Boite     

G.B.Engelen  梁杏 《地质科学译丛》1992,9(1):68-72

文章介绍在北意大利Ampezzan Dolomites的Upper Boite河的高山流域在山区水文学方面进行分布水文系统研究（Engelen和Vrnneker,1988,见本卷）的实例。文章对这个面积约200km^2、高程1800-3000m的范围作了概要的结论性分析。Upeer Booite流域的水文特征主要受较高部位的大片裸露的或植被稀少的白云岩和岩溶化的石灰岩分布区的控制。本区春及初夏形成融雪的洪水，由春到夏持续产生基流，夏秋的暴雨产生洪流，并在低处形成泥石流。较低区域（标高在1800－2000m以下）蒸散强烈而在水文上不敏感，只有在某些渗透性相当差的火山凝灰岩与泥灰岩坍塌出露区，随夏季洪流才产生大量悬浮物质。  相似文献   

Fluxes of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>, CH<Subscript>4</Subscript> and N<Subscript>2</Subscript>O from alpine grassland in the Tibetan Plateau   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PEIZhiyong OUYANGHua ZHOUCaiping XUXingliang 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(1):27-34

Using static chamber technique,fluxes of CO2,CH4 and N2O were measured in the alpine grassland area from July 2000 to July 2001,determinations of mean fluxes showed that CO2 and N2O were generally released from the soil,while the alpine grassland accounted for a weak CH4 sink.Fluxes of CO2,CH4 and N2O ranged widely.The highest CO2 emission occurred in August,whereas almost 90?of the whole year emission occurred in the growing season.But the variations of CH4 and N2O fluxes did not show any clear patterns over the one-year-experiment.During a daily variation,the maximum CO2 emission occurred at 16:00,and then decreased to the minimum emission in the early morning.Daily pattern analyses indicated that the variation in CO2 fluxes was positively related to air temperatures(R^2=0.73)and soil temperatures at a depth of 5 cm(R^2=0.86),whereas daily variations in CH4 and N2O fluxes were poorly explained by soil temperatures and climatic variables.CO2 emissions in this area were much lower than other grasslands in plain areas.  相似文献   

CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> processes in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau     

PEIZhiyong OUYANGHua ZHOUCaiping XUXingliang 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):429-437

In this paper, the CO2 concentrations profile from 1.5 m depth in soil to 32 m height in atmosphere were measured from July 2000 to July 2001 in an alpine grassland ecosystem located in the permafrost area on the Tibetan Plateau, which revealed that CO2 concentrations varied greatly during this study period. Mean concentrations during the whole experiment in the atmosphere were absolutely lower than the CO2 concentrations in soil, which resulted in CO2 emissions from the alpine steppe soil to the atmosphere. The highest CO2 concentration was found at a depth of 1.5 m in soil while the lowest CO2 concentration occurred in the atmosphere. Mean CO2 concentrations in soil generally increased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the increasing soil moistures and decreasing soil pH, which induced the increasing biological activities with depth. Temporally, the CO2 concentrations at different layers in air remained a more steady state because of the atmospheric turbulent milking. During the seasonal variations, CO2 concentrations at surface soil interface showed symmetrical patterns, with the lowest accumulation of CO2 occurring in the late winter and the highest CO2 concentration in the growine seasons.  相似文献   

剑门地貌特征、成因及与丹霞地貌之比较     

郭建强  杨俊义  杨更  陈斌  曹俊  卢志明  赵友年  龚自仙  张雪峰  宋云  刘一玲  李文辉 《四川地质学报》2006,26(4):228-233

剑门地貌见于四川盆地北部的剑阁县剑门关一带,是一种特定的砾岩地貌,以发育砾岩悬崖绝壁、砾岩关隘、砾岩峡谷、砾岩山峦、砾岩峰丛等为特征,规模宏大,气势如虹。龙门山山前广泛分布,景观独特,与广东丹霞地貌显著不同。  相似文献   

高山雷达站选址对估测降水的影响分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐八林  刘黎平杨明张万诚  陈兆武 《气象科技》2006,34(3):i0003-i0004

高山雷达站天线高度对雷达的垂直探测范围影响较大,加之中小尺度灾害性天气演生、发展的关键区域在高度1500~4500 m左右,所以高山雷达站在选址时应考虑当地零度层平均高度和雷达的垂直探测范围。通过定量估测层状云降水的个例实践,发现探测高度会限制定量估测降水,探测高度对近距离降水估测影响较小,但对远距离降水估测影响较大,原因主要是雷达的垂直探测范围及当地零度层亮带高度的影响。故在高山雷达站选址中应考虑雷达的垂直探测范围及当地零度层亮带高度的影响,同时对已建设完成的高山天气雷达应考虑对高山雷达做0°仰角的观测可行性研究。  相似文献   

基于地质遗迹资源保护利用价值的保护区划分——以云南盐津乌蒙峡谷地质公园为例     

邓亚东  孟庆鑫  陈伟海  罗书文  史文强 《地质与资源》2020,29(3):273-281

地质遗迹资源保护利用价值是合理划分保护区的基础.本文以盐津乌蒙峡谷地质公园地质遗迹资源为例，从地质遗迹资源利用性和脆弱性两个方面构建地质遗迹资源保护利用价值评价指标体系，运用层次分析法确定地质遗迹资源保护利用价值评价因子权重.采用专家咨询法建立地质遗迹资源保护等级划分标准.利用菲什拜因-罗森伯格模型对盐津地质公园典型地质遗迹资源进行保护利用价值评价并划分保护等级.根据保护利用价值评价结果，利用Sufer9.0软件制作地质遗迹资源保护利用等值线图，结合地质遗迹资源保护的便利性与地方相关规划的协调性，绘制出盐津乌蒙峡谷地质公园地质遗迹资源保护分区图，结果为：盐津乌蒙峡谷地质公园特级保护区面积0.06 km²，一级保护区面积11.74 km²，二级保护区面积23.47 km²，三级保护区面积75.07 km².  相似文献   

Assessment of Man-made and Natural Hazards in the Surroundings of Hydropower Projects under Construction in the Beas Valley of Northwestern Himalaya     

Sanjeev Sharma Jagdish C. Kuniyal J. C. Sharma 《山地科学学报》2007,4(3):221-236

Mountain ecosystem,on the earth,has plenty of natural resources. In Himachal Pradesh all the rivers are snowfed and therefore rich in water resources. These resources have been supporting enough for the generation of electricity through introducing hydropower projects since the last decade. However,every developmental activity has its own negative impacts on the surrounding environment. Due to the fragile nature of topography and delicacy of ecology of the Himalaya,it results in lot of disturbances because of high degree of human interferences like construction of major hydropower projects. The increased extent of geological hazards,such as landslides,rock fall and soil erosion,have mainly due to alike developmental interventions in the natural ecosystem. So understanding and analysing such impacts of the hydropower projects have mainly been on the environment in various forms but natural hazards have been frequent ones. The present study,therefore,focuses mainly on the Parbati Stage Ⅱ (800 MW) and the Parbati Stage Ⅲ (520 MW) hydropower projects; both of which fall within the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. Based on the perception survey of the local communities,the existing land use pattern,status of total acquired land of the residents by hydropower projects,frequent natural hazards and resultant loss to the local communities due to upcoming construction of hydropower projects surrounding to the Parbati Stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ have been analysed in the paper. Also,the preventive measures to mitigate these adverse impacts have been suggested to strengthen these projects in eco-friendly manner in the mountain context.  相似文献   

Spatial Disparity of Slope Farmland and Food Security in Three Gorges Area   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

WANGLiming FENGRenguo YANGYanfeng GUANQingfeng 《山地科学学报》2004,1(1):89-95

As an important measure of ecoenvironmental construction, the process of de-farming in slope farmland is being undertaken gradually in the whole China. Meanwhile, the problem of reducing in food yield in de-farming areas can not be neglected any more. It is especially the case in areas with concentrated slope farmland and inconvenient transportation. In this paper, we analyze the causes of hidden troubles in food security, and the spatial relationship between farmland and slope farmland in the reservoir area of Three Gorges, and unveil the spatial disparity of contradictions between food supply and demand. Finally, combining the accessibility of areas, three different spatial types of food security, food security area, food alert area, and food crisis area, are divided.  相似文献   

去天不盈尺名山高几许     

陈兰芹 《国土资源》2007,(5):4-13

在我国广袤的土地上,巍然耸立着众多著名风景名胜山峰,它们是传承中华文明的载体,集聚了重要的人文景观和自然资源,凸显了中国五千年文化内涵及精神底蕴。一些的比较的、由于历史的原因,山高程数据混乱。精确山高具有深远政治经济和文化意义。  相似文献