大黄鱼耳石、体长与年龄的关系   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

兰永伦  罗秉征 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(3):323-329

运用１９６０年３月－１９６０年４月由中国科学院海洋研究所采集于洞头，吕泗渔场大黄鱼标本５１３尾，利用耳石切片确定大黄鱼的年龄，通过分析大黄鱼的耳石和体长的生长规律，证明大黄鱼的耳石生长不仅仅与鱼体生长成简单的直线相关，而且大黄鱼的耳石生长，体长生长和年龄三者之间密切相关，并推导出数学方程式，拟合计算结果表明，两各方程式能够较准确地表达三者之间的相关关系。  相似文献   

黄河鲤鱼和鲤鱼同工酶的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨太有  张西瑞 《海洋湖沼通报》1995,(3):53-58

本文采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳，分析了黄河鲤鱼Ｃｙｐｒｉｎｕｓ ｃａｒｐｉｏｈａｅｍａｔｏｐｔｅｒｕｓ和鲤鱼Ｃｙｐｒｉｎｕｓ ｃａｒｐｉｏ的脑、肝、心、肾、肌、眼等六种组织器官的乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）同工酶和脂酶（ＥＳＴ）同工酶。结果表明：在不同组织中两种同工谱带各不相同，存在着明显的组织特异性。黄河鲤鱼和鲤鱼的乳酸脱氢酶谱带相似，但存在一定的差异性；除在眼、心、肾三种组织中黄河鲤鱼比鲤鱼多一条  相似文献   

鱼耳石碳氧同位素在黄、渤海小黄鱼种群识别中的应用     

王玉堃  黄建生  唐学玺  金显仕  孙耀 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(6):29-33

Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios(δ~(18)O and δ~(13)C) in otoliths were used to identify the stock structure of small yellow croaker,Larimichthys polyactis.Otoliths were collected from fish at five locations across the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea representing most of their distributional range and fisheries areas.The significant differences in the isotopic signatures showed that the five locations could be chemically distinguished and clearly separated,indicating stock subdivision.Correlation of δ~(18)O and δ~(13)C values suggested that population of L.polyactis could be divided into the Bohai Sea group,the southern Yellow Sea group and the central Yellow Sea group.Discriminant analysis of δ~(18)O and δ~(13)C values demonstrated a high significant difference with 85.7% classification accuracy.The spatial separation of L.polyactis indicated a complex stock structure across the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.These results indicate that optimal fisheries management may require a comprehensive consideration on the current spatial arrangements.This study has provided further evidence that measurement of the stable isotopes ratios in otolith can be a valuable tool in the delineation of fishery management units.  相似文献   

刀鲚、凤鲚和湖鲚矢耳石的形态学比较研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

姜涛  杨健  刘洪波  沈新强 《海洋科学》2011,35(3):23-31

选取凤鲚(Coilia mystus)、湖鲚(Coilia nasus taihuensis)以及采自崇明、黄海和瓯江口3个水域的刀鲚(Coilia hasps)的矢耳石为对象,描述了这些鱼类耳石的形态特征,并进一步使用基于12组形态数据的框架测量进行了种间和种内比较和判别分析.结果表明耳石形态的差异种间较种内更为明显...  相似文献   

Genetic discrimination for three gynogenetic clones of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, based on restriction endonuclease analysis of Nd5-Nd6 region of mitochondrial DNA     

周建峰叶玉珍  吴清江 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(1):126-128

1 INTRODUCTION Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is an important species in freshwater fisheries and ranks the first in world fish production (Li, 1993). China has a long history of aquaculture of silver carp that is very difficult for selective breeding because it has a long life cycle. However, development of cytoge-netics and modern molecular genetics built up a strong impact to the research on selective breeding. A rapid, efficient approach for establishment of a pure line of…  相似文献   

鱼群识别的氧、碳稳定同位素方法     

高永文  鲁安怀  王清印  张慧琴 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2011,30(3):270-276

鱼群识别是渔业科学和管理上的重要课题之一。本文以海鱼和逥遊鱼的具体研究为例,扼要地阐明鱼耳石的氧、碳稳定同位素成分研究,特别是δ18O和δ13C的关联分析,在鱼群识别方面的效果和应用。鱼耳石是一种存在于真骨鱼类内耳中层状的,矿物成分以文石为主的钙碳酸盐岩结构体。与基因分析方法相比,鱼耳石的氧、碳稳定同位素方法具有两个显著的优点,一是耳石的微结构能提供鱼类不同生长阶段的时间序列和细节;二是耳石的形成机制能提供鱼类生活的周围环境和历史信息。因此,鱼耳石中δ18O和δ13C的关联分析在鱼群识别中发挥着独特的作用。  相似文献   

中国海域习见石斑鱼属鱼类矢耳石形态特征     

王英俊  叶振江  张弛  窦硕增 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z1):55-60

以采自中国海域12种石斑鱼标本为基础,分析了石斑鱼属(Epinephelus)鱼类的矢耳石形态特征,探讨了耳石形态在该属鱼种识别方面的应用。结果显示,12种鱼类矢耳石形态近似,耳石细长,呈三角形或梭形,由听沟开口处形成的前部凹刻"V"形或浅宽,形成显著或不显著的侧叶。12种鱼耳石长宽比1.76~2.41,矩形趋近率0.60~0.72,充实度17.24~36.58。耳石外部轮廓、边缘光滑度、听沟前部形态、凹刻类型等特征同是本属鱼种耳石形态识别的主要依据,基于傅里叶系数的聚类分析结果表明耳石形态种间分异较显著。结果表明,听沟同是石斑鱼属鱼类耳石形态分类的重要特征之一,根据耳石形态可以实现石斑鱼属鱼种的初步分类检索,耳石形态在鱼类系统分类上有良好的应用研究前景。  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial variation of fish assemblages in Dianshan Lake,Shanghai, China     

胡忠军  王思卿  吴昊  陈庆江  阮仁良  陈立侨  刘其根 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(4):799-809

Using multi-mesh gillnets and trawls, the fish communities in Dianshan Lake at 6 stations from Oct. 2009 to Jul. 2010 were investigated seasonally to reveal the biodiversity and its spatial and temporal distribution patterns. The long-term changes in their structural characteristics were then analyzed to identify the main infl uencing factors and several measures for lake restoration were put forward. Thirty six species, belonging to 9 family and 30 genera, were collected, amongst which, the order Cypriniformes accounted for 61.1% of the total species number. In terms of importance value, Cypriniformes was the predominant group, Coilia nasus the dominant species, while Cyprinus carpio and Rhinogobius giurinus were the subdominant taxa. The community types did not differ among stations, but between seasons. There were no significant differences between seasons and among stations in species diversity, but richness differed both spatially and seasonally. Along with the process of eutrophication and the drastic reduction of the area colonized by macrophytes from 1959 to 2009–2010, the fish diversity declined markedly, and species numbers of herbivores and piscivores declined proportionately more than those of invertivores, omnivores, and planktivores. The decline of potamophilus and river-lake migratory fish was more marked than those of sedentary, river-sea migratory, and estuarine fishes. Eutrophication concomitant with sharp reduction of macrophyte area and overfishing may be the main reasons for the decline in fish diversity in Dianshan Lake.  相似文献   

鱼类矢耳石形态分析及其在群体识别中的应用实例研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

窦硕增  于鑫  曹亮 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(4):702-712

利用表征性耳石形态变量(大小变量和轮廓变量)分析方法研究了渤海近岸与长江口水域四个刀鲚(Coilia nasus)群体的识别问题,对比分析了协方差(ANCOVA)校正法和异速生长(allometric growth)校正法在耳石形态分析中去除体长效应的应用效果。研究结果表明,两种体长校正法对四个群体的判别分析结果未产生显著影响,总体识别成功率分别为50.3%和56.5%,群体内个体识别成功率分别为39.5%—90.0%和34.0%—65.1%;长江口水域不同体长组刀鲚个体的耳石形态差异显著,表明其耳石形态特质随鱼类个体生长而变化,协方差校正法和异速生长校正方法的体长组别间的总体识别成功率分别为94.8%和98.8%。整体上,耳石轮廓变量(如矩形趋近率、圆度、分形维数、傅立叶系数等)对刀鲚群体间或体长组别间识别的贡献值高于耳石大小变量(如周长、平均直径、重量、面积等),而二者结合能更有效地识别各地理群体或体长组别个体。  相似文献   

草鱼混养系统细菌数量变动和群落功能多样性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田相利  郑瑶瑶  柳炳俊  王芳  董双林 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,(11):19-27

为了解草鱼混养系统不同养殖模式的细菌数量变动和群落功能多样性,采用平板菌落计数法和吖啶橙直接镜检计数法(AODC)研究草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)混养系统水体和底泥的异养菌和总菌的数量,并应用BIOLOG生态微板对3个模式中水体和底泥的微生物群落功能多样性进行探讨。结果表明,3个模式的水体中异养菌数和总菌数均随月份呈先下降后上升的趋势,而底泥中异养菌数量和总菌数则为先升高后降低再升高的趋势。不同模式比较,草鱼、鲢鱼和鲤鱼混养系统(GSC)中水体和底泥中异养菌数和总菌数要显著高于其它模式(P<0.05)。BIOLOG生态微板实验结果显示,不同养殖模式环境中细菌群落对碳源利用以及细菌群落多样性均存在差异。随着养殖时间延长,GSC三元混养模式水体和底泥中细菌功能多样性和代谢活性均显著高于其它模式(P<0.05)。研究表明,草鱼(Ctenopharyngodonidellus)、鲢鱼(Hypophythalmichthys molitrix)和鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)的三元合理混养使得系统中微生物的结构和功能得到优化,细菌群落的组成与代谢功能更趋于丰富化和多样化。  相似文献