Response Differences of MODIS-NDVI and MODIS-EVI to Climate Factors     

PAN Xia  GAO Yong  WANG Ji 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(6):673-680

To evaluate and provide an appropriate theoretical direction for research into climate-vegetation interactions using meteorological station data at different time scales, we examined differences between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and their responses to climate factors. We looked for correlations between data extracted from MOD13Q1 remote sensing images and meteorological station data for the two indexes. The results showed that even though NDVI and EVI are derived from the same remote sensing image, their response to climate factors was significantly different. In the same meteorological station, the correlation coefficients for NDVI, EVI and climate factors were different; correlation coefficients between NDVI, EVI and climate factors varied with meteorological station. In addition, there was a lag effect for responses of NDVI to average minimum temperature, average temperature, average vapor pressure, minimum relative humidity, extreme wind speed, maximum wind speed, average wind speed and average station air-pressure. EVI had a lag only for average minimum temperature, average vapor pressure, extreme wind speed, maximum wind speed and average station air-pressure. The lag period was variable, but most were in the -3 period. Different vegetation types had different sensitivities to climate. The correlation between meteorological stations and vegetation requires more attention in future research.  相似文献   

北京六环路内城市地质调查研究构想     

张瑞成  吕金波 《城市地质》2008,3(3):5-9

北京市六环路内的地质工作,以服务于城市建设和环境保护为中心。工作区分为京西隆起,马池口凹陷、小汤山凸起,顺义凹陷．来广营凸起、丰台凹陷和大兴隆起等7个地质单元,分为第四系、新近系,古近系,沉积岩盖层．片麻岩基底、C面和M面等7大层序。按地质单元设计标准钻孔,利用3S技术处理地质资料,用三维可视化展示地质调查成果,开创了地质调查为城市建设服务的新局面。  相似文献   

The State of Rhode Island's pioneering marine spatial plan     

《Marine Policy》2014

The state of Rhode Island's Ocean Special Area Management Plan (Ocean SAMP) is the first marine spatial plan in the United States to be formally approved by the federal government as an element of a state's Coastal Management Program. The 3800 km² Ocean SAMP region includes waters under both state and federal jurisdiction. The Ocean SAMP applies the inclusive, ecosystem-based approach to marine spatial planning recommended by the National Ocean Commission in 2004 that is a feature of the National Ocean Policy promulgated in 2010. It places within a larger spatial planning context the impact assessment process that is the basis for the issuance of leases and permits requested by a developer for a specified activity at a defined marine site. The Ocean SAMP was prepared over a two and a half year period of information generation, analysis, consultation, planning and policy making prompted by the need to identify potentially suitable sites for anticipated offshore wind farms. Its highly consultative approach builds upon the 30 years of experience of the Rhode Island Coastal Program in developing and implementing special area management plans (SAMPs) for coastal and marine areas where conflicts over needs for both development and conservation demand special attention and negotiation among stakeholders with different interests. The phases in the development and approval of the Ocean SAMP, and the prospects for successful implementation are examined through frameworks suggested for the preparation of a governance baseline put forward by the international Land Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) program.  相似文献   

Change of deltaic depositional environment and its impacts on reservoir properties—A braided delta in South China Sea     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

Depositional environment can change through geological time. This paper describes a delta that evolved from river-dominated into tide-dominated. The delta is located in the Ya13-1 field of the South China Sea. Understanding the change that occurred in the deltaic setting is important because the change in depositional environments led to changes in spatial distribution of facies and other rock properties.The Oligocene sediments of the third member of the Lingshui Formation in the Ya13-1 field were deposited in a river-dominated delta, and later impacted by marine flooding, fluvial and tidal currents. As a result of these different influences, the early-stage depositional micro-facies and the sandbody distributions are quite different from those of the later stage. At the early stage, fluvial influences prevailed, resulting in a fluvial-dominated delta plain and deposition of many linguoid sand bars in the delta front. During the late stage of deposition, tide-dominated delta fronts were developed extensively and finger sand bars deposited abundantly in the delta front as a result of the tidal influence.Ya13-1 gas field is laterally divided into two large subareas and vertically into eight stratigraphic packages. Because of the different influences of marine flooding that resulted in different interbeds and intercalations, the number of stratigraphic packages in the south is different from that in the north. The change of deltaic depositional environments also resulted in different reservoir properties between the northern and southern regions as the reservoir properties of mouth bars are generally better than distributary channels. These depositional characteristics significantly impact the development of the field.  相似文献   

Precipitation changes in wet and dry seasons over the 20th century simulated by two versions of the FGOALS model     

MA Shuangmei  ZHOU Tianjun 《大气科学进展》2015,32(6):839-854

Seasonal precipitation changes over the globe during the 20 th century simulated by two versions of the Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System(FGOALS) model are assessed. The two model versions differ in terms of their AGCM component, but the remaining parts of the system are almost identical. Both models reasonably reproduce the mean-state features of the timings of the wet and dry seasons and related precipitation amounts, with pattern correlation coefficients of 0.65–0.84 with observations. Globally averaged seasonal precipitation changes are analyzed. The results show that wet seasons get wetter and the annual range(precipitation difference between wet and dry seasons) increases during the 20 th century in the two models, with positive trends covering most parts of the globe, which is consistent with observations. However,both models show a moistening dry season, which is opposite to observations. Analysis of the globally averaged moisture budget in the historical climate simulations of the two models shows little change in the horizontal moisture advection in both the wet and dry seasons. The globally averaged seasonal precipitation changes are mainly dominated by the changes in evaporation and vertical moisture advection. Evaporation and vertical moisture advection combine to make wet seasons wetter and enhance the annual range. In the dry season, the opposite change of evaporation and vertical moisture advection leads to an insignificant change in precipitation. Vertical moisture advection is the most important term that determines the changes in precipitation, wherein the thermodynamic component is dominant and the dynamic component tends to offset the effect of the thermodynamic component.  相似文献   

湖相沉积物有机地球化学在古环境研究中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苗忠英  郑绵平  张震  毛立全  王晶 《矿床地质》2014,33(5):1108-1116

湖相沉积物中的有机质蕴含着丰富的地球化学信息,是古环境研究中必要的基础资料之一。文章综述了近年来湖相沉积物有机地球化学在古环境研究中的应用,结果表明:1在应用有机地球化学信息探讨古环境时,首先要根据有机质组成特征区分其来源,不同来源的有机质,其地球化学特征存在差异;2有机质碳同位素(δ13Corg)是研究古气候变化的常用指标,在区分暖湿、暖干、冷湿、冷干气候类型时需结合沉积物中总有机质丰度(TOC)、总有机氮丰度(TN)、自生碳酸盐氧同位素(δ18O)等资料;3脂肪酸不饱和度可作为恢复古环境温度的定性指标,UK37和UK37'在定量恢复古湖水表层温度中有较好的应用效果,TEX86有望应用在古湖水表层温度的重建;4生物标志化合物可较好地区分沉积物中有机质的来源、沉积水体的盐度及氧化还原性。可见,有机地球化学是研究古环境常用且有效的技术手段,多项有机地球化学参数相互验证能够更精确地重建古环境并预测其演化趋势。  相似文献   

云南"十五"水工环地质大调查成果丰硕   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张贵  王宇  李燕  包钢  曹德斌 《云南地质》2006,25(3):269-275

“十五”期间,云南省水工环地质大调查工作共安排7大项。岩溶水、红层地下水调查及开发示范取得了创新性成果和显著经济社会效益。受政府主管部门委托,编制云南省岩溶石山地区石漠化综合治理规划、红层地下水开发规划。岩溶水开发示范项目建成各类岩溶水源地示范工程21项,解决10．3万人的缺水困难;红层地下水开发示范建成各类裂隙水开采井共263口,解决1．3万人缺水困难。此外,在地质灾害防治、数据库建设、地热资源区划及工作建议等方面获得成果。  相似文献   

辫状河致密砂岩储层构型单元定量表征方法     

瞿雪姣  李继强  张吉  赵忠军  戚志林  罗超 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(5):1342-1352

针对现有辫状河储层构型单元定量表征方法关键参数获取困难且可靠性存疑的问题,以储层构型理论为指导,基于现代辫状河沉积、钻井岩心、录井和测井等资料,提出了基于单一辫状河道宽度的构型单元定量表征方法。首先,根据单井构型单元解释结果,确定同期辫状河道平面分布;其次,根据连井对比剖面,确定连井剖面内单一辫状河道间的界线位置;再次,根据现代辫状河单一辫状河道宽度与构型单元关系定量模型,限定辫状水道宽度、复合心滩长度及宽度等4级构型单元规模;最后,在单一辫状河道内确定4级构型单元平面分布,进而在密集井网区对复合心滩进行解剖,确定单个心滩位置和几何形态。采用该方法对苏××提高采收率试验区盒₈^下_1-3单层辫状河致密砂岩气藏进行了分析,结果表明：该单层砂岩气藏发育5条单一辫状河道,其宽度为1 050~1 890 m;辫状水道宽度为234~435 m;复合心滩长度和宽度分别为1 931~3 569 m、685~1 242 m;单个心滩长度和宽度分别为660~1 880 m、310~1 030 m。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长8段液化柱及相关软沉积物变形     

贺静  冯胜斌 《地质学报》2017,91(3):645-657

笔者在鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长8段的岩芯中首次识别出液化柱变形构造,本文从三维空间研究其宏观与微观特征。赋存液化柱的长8段的多个层位的岩芯中均发现有软沉积物变形构造,如液化流动变形、水塑性变形及脆性变形等,广泛分布于盆地不同地区的钻井岩芯中,并在垂向上重复出现。结合长8段的沉积环境和构造背景分析,笔者认为长8段的液化柱与软沉积物变形系地震触发。晚三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地以南秦岭地震造山运动与盆地沉陷是长8段软沉积物变形的构造背景。根据地震触发软沉积物变形构造的时空分布,鄂尔多斯盆地在长8段沉积的地质时期已受控于秦岭造山带动力机制的控制,而不是传统认为的仅在长8段沉积末期。  相似文献   

Geographies of crisis in Greece: A social well-being approach     

《Geoforum》2017

The most prominent ‘victim’ of the global financial crisis in 2007/2008 has been Greece, which is, even now, in the middle of an economic and social storm that is threatening its economic and social cohesion and its membership of the Eurozone. Using the social well-being conceptual framework as a benchmark and exploiting the literature of composite indicators, the paper aims to assess and measure the regional impact of the crisis in a systematic and comprehensive way. Differing from most of previous studies, both at national and international levels, this study is based on the assumption that the effects of the crisis go far beyond economics and create a social crisis strongly associated with significant human and social costs that might transform Greece’s regional status and threaten its regional well-being, probably in a very unequal way. The main finding of the analysis is that although all regions were severely affected by the dynamics and intensity of the crisis, some regions were more affected than others, leading to ‘winners’ and ‘losers’. From a policy point of view, the results of this study have serious implications for crisis management, recovery policy actions and a country’s social cohesion, especially in Greece where austerity policy measures not only imposed considerable cutbacks in regional development policies but also ignored the spatial dimension of the crisis.  相似文献