高岭石与碱性驱替剂间作用的实验研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

陈忠  沈明道 《岩石学报》1997,13(4):573-582

用Ｔｅｆｌｏｎ惰性反应器在２５℃、５０℃、和７５℃的条件下，以１ｇ／２０ｍｌ的固／液比，研究了高岭石与各三个浓度的两种碱性驱替剂间（Ｎａ２ＣＯ３和ＮａＯＨ）的作用，反应时间为０～６００ｈ，对反应后液相中的硅、铝元素浓度参数和固相物质分别进行了分光光度法和Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）检测，弄清了实验研究参数与液相参数和高岭石相变的关系，得出了高岭石在ＮａＯＨ溶液中存在非一致性的溶蚀趋势。高岭石在碱液中会发生溶蚀，进而可生成方钠石。此研究增加了对碱驱的认识，对提高原油采收率是一项有意义的研究工作。  相似文献   

海水中碱性磷酸酶活力的测定及其在磷的循环中的作用初探   总被引：18，自引：3，他引：18  

洪华生  戴民汉  郑效成 《海洋与湖沼》1992,23(4):415-420

建立了海水介质中浮游植物、细菌及游离态三种碱性磷酸酶活力的分光测定法。在厦门西港海域及实验生态中分别测定了这三种碱性磷酸酶的活力;同时采用~(32)P示踪法探讨了碱性磷酸酶对小球藻直接利用溶解有机磷(DOP)的影响。结果表明,浮游植物体的碱性磷酸酶活力占主导地位;当水体溶解无机磷降低到一定浓度时,浮游植物体碱性磷酸酶活力可突增,它提供了浮游植物直接利用DOP的条件。  相似文献   

Effect of dissolved phosphorus on alkaline phosphatase activity in marine microalgae   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Huang Bangqin  Huang Shiyu  Weng Yan  Hong Huasheng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2000,19(2):29-35

I~IOXThe alkaline phOSPhataSe (AP) has been more and more studied following the study of thephosphorus limitation (Suttle and Harrision, 1988; Hu et al., 1989; Huang et al., 1996). PeOple used to take dissolved inorganic phOSphorus (DIP) level and uptake rate by algae as phosphOrus limitation indicators (Vera and Petterson 1992; Huang and HOng, 1994). But recent resultsindicate that diSSOlved organic phosphorus (DOP) and particulate organic phOSphorus (PP) couldalso be utilized b…  相似文献   

不同类型含磷营养物质对微小亚历山大藻(Alexandrium minutum)生长和毒素产生的影响   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

张清春  于仁诚  周名江  王云峰  李钧  颜天 《海洋与湖沼》2005,36(5):465-474

采用显微镜细胞计数和麻痹性贝毒的高效液相色谱分析方法,通过对比磷酸二氢钾、磷酸甘油和三磷酸腺苷（ATP）等含磷营养物质对微小亚历山大藻生长和毒素产生的影响,研究了微小亚历山大藻对不同类型含磷营养物质的利用情况.结果表明,在磷限制条件下,加入磷酸二氢钾、磷酸甘油和ATP均能促进微小亚历山大藻的生长,所获得的最大藻细胞密度分别为22700、28400和27800藻细胞/ml,对数期生长速率分别为0.12/d、0.14/d和0.15/d,溶解态有机磷对藻生长的促进作用稍好于溶解态无机磷.三种含磷营养物质对毒素产生的效应没有明显差别,稳定期藻细胞毒素含量分别为22.87、23.98和21.80fmol/cell.磷限制对毒素组成的影响很大,磷限制条件下膝沟藻毒素GTX1/4的含量占绝对优势,GTX2/3含量很少.在添加含磷营养物质后,GTX1/4所占比例降低,GTX2/3比例增加,说明磷限制显著改变了微小亚历山大藻的毒素组成.对藻体碱性磷酸酶活性分析的结果显示,磷限制组具有最高的碱性磷酸酶活性,添加有机磷化合物实验组的碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于添加无机磷化合物的实验组.研究结果表明,微小亚历山大藻可以利用实验中采用的无机磷化合物和有机磷化合物,但其利用溶解态有机磷化合物的机制尚不清楚,可能是通过诱导合成碱性磷酸酶来水解培养基中的溶解态含磷有机物,从而释放无机磷酸盐用于藻细胞的生长.  相似文献   

The Serra da Graciosa A-type Granites and Syenites, southern Brazil: Part 2: Petrographic and mineralogical evolution of the alkaline and aluminous associations     

Guilherme A.R. Gualda  Silvio R.F. Vlach 《Lithos》2007,93(3-4):310-327

The Serra da Graciosa Granites and Syenites comprise five distinct plutons in the Brasiliano/Pan-African Graciosa A-type Province, southern Brazil. Six petrographic series can be identified in these plutons: (1) Alkaline series 1, composed of amphibole-bearing alkali feldspar syenites with varied mafic mineralogy and quartz contents, from alkali feldspar syenites with calcic amphibole, clinopyroxene, olivine and allanite to alkali feldspar quartz syenites with sodic–calcic amphibole and chevkinite–perrierite and to alkali feldspar granites with sodic amphibole; (2) Alkaline series 2, characterized by amphibole-bearing alkali feldspar granites, with limited modal variations but amphibole compositions also varying from calcic to sodic; (3) Alkaline series 3, of limited occurrence, which includes alkali feldspar syenites with olivine and clinopyroxene and no amphibole; (4) Aluminous series 1, of widespread occurrence, with various petrographic facies of biotite granites with amphibole; (5) Aluminous series 2, characterized by alkali feldspar granites with biotite and only minor amphibole; (6) Monzodiorites, typically with biotite, calcic amphibole and augitic clinopyroxene, partially mingled with granitic magmas. The mafic minerals present are, in general, Fe-rich with correspondingly low Mg and Al contents. In Alkaline series 1, amphiboles crystallized in progressively more oxidizing and alkaline conditions, while in Alkaline series 2, the initial conditions were somewhat more oxidizing and shifted to reducing in the final stages. In Aluminous series 1 and Aluminous series 2, amphiboles are calcic and comparatively homogeneous. The amphiboles in the monzodioritic rocks, while also homogeneous, are more Mg-rich and show compositions quite distinct from the calcic varieties in the other associations, and this is also the case for clinopyroxene. Mg# in biotite decreases from the monzodioritic rocks to Aluminous series 1 and further to Aluminous series 2. Contrasting evolution of the various associations suggests that several coeval magmatic series are present in the Serra da Graciosa granites.  相似文献   

Fluid evolution in the nepheline syenites of the Ditrău Alkaline Massif, Transylvania, Romania     

Andrs Fall  Robert J. Bodnar  Csaba Szab  Elemr Pl-Molnr 《Lithos》2007,95(3-4):331-345

The Ditrău Alkaline Massif is an intrusion into the Bucovina nappe system that is part of the Mesozoic crystalline zone located in Transylvania, Romania, in the Eastern Carpathians. Nepheline syenites are the most abundant rocks in the central and eastern part of the Massif, and represent the last major intrusion of the complex. Fluid inclusions in nepheline, aegirine and albite were trapped at magmatic conditions on or below the H₂O-saturated nepheline syenite solidus at about 400–600 °C and 2.5–5 kbars. Early nepheline, and to a lesser extent albite, were altered by highly saline fluids to produce cancrinite, sodalite and analcime, during this process cancrinite also trapped fluid inclusions. The fluids, in most cases, can be modeled by the H₂O–NaCl system with varying salinity; however inclusions with more complex fluid composition (containing K, Ca, CO₃, etc., in addition to NaCl) are common. Raman spectroscopic analyses of daughter minerals confirm the presence of alkali-carbonate fluids in some of the earliest inclusions in nepheline, aegirine and albite.

During crystallization, the melts exsolved a high salinity, carbonate-rich magmatic fluid that evolved to lower salinity as crystallization progressed. Phases that occur early in the paragenesis contain high-salinity inclusions while late phases contain low-salinity inclusions. The salinity trend is consistent with experimental data for the partitioning of chlorine between silicic melt and exsolved aqueous fluid at about 2.0 kbars. The activity of water (a_H2O) in the melt increases during crystallization, resulting in the formation of hydrous phases during late-stage crystallization of the nepheline syenites.  相似文献   

滇西两个碱性岩体Rb、Sr同位素资料的再认识   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘红英  张玉泉  夏斌 《云南地质》2004,23(1):52-59

滇西两个碱性岩体的Rb、Sr同位素研究结果：白云山正长岩同位素年龄为85MaBP，^76Sr／^86Sr的初始比值为0．7097；小桥头石英正长岩^87St／^86Sr的初始比值为0．7038。另据矿物组成和地球化学特征等，表明白云山正长岩类似钠质碱性系列的岩石。  相似文献   

碱性岩研究进展述评   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

任康绪 《化工矿产地质》2003,25(3):151-163

碱性岩的概念曾有三种观点,现多数学者倾向于用化学方法来综合判别碱性岩:碱性岩就是根据化学成分判别其碱性程度属于碱性的岩浆岩。碱性岩物质来源较深,主要源自上地幔,形成于岩石圈拉张环境,是深部地球动力学过程在浅部地壳的直接表现和历史记录,因此对其研究是探索地球深部物质组成、物理化学环境、地壳上层构造和深部动力学过程的一个重要途径,碱性岩是除幔源岩石包体外另一类可提供地幔信息的岩石,是窥探地幔的窗口。20世纪后期以来,对这一类型岩石的研究越来越受到地球科学家们的重视,形成了新的研究热点。  相似文献   

广东石岭碱性杂岩的岩石学特征及地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖振宇  杨学明 《矿产与地质》1998,12(3):155-159

广东石岭碱性杂岩体岩石矿物和岩石化学研究表明,杂岩体以霞石角闪正长岩、角闪正长岩为主,黑云母正长岩等岩石组成,为Ａ－型花岗岩分异结晶作用所形成。产于板内引张构造环境,与深大断裂有关。岩体本身已构成霞石正长岩矿床,具有较高的工业利用和经济价值。  相似文献   

Contrasting origin of post-collisional high-K calc-alkaline and shoshonitic versus alkaline and peralkaline granitoids. The use of sliding normalization   总被引：41，自引：0，他引：41  

Jean-Paul Ligeois  Jacques Navez  Jan Hertogen  Russell Black 《Lithos》1998,45(1-4):1-28

Abundant high-K calc-alkaline (HKCA) magmatism appears to be post-collisional and often shifts to shoshonitic or alkaline–peralkaline compositions in the final stages of orogeny. The nature and the causes of this transition are studied on the basis of 308 major element and of 86 unpublished trace element (including REE) analyses of the Pan-African granitoids from the Tuareg shield (Adrar des Iforas, Mali and Aïr, Niger). This database covers a wide variety of magmas from subduction-related to intraplate-type including abundant HKCA batholiths. Literature data from geodynamically well-constrained cases are also included. In addition to a conventional geochemical approach of the studied magmatism, the sliding normalization method is proposed. This tool aims at comparing magmatic series: each studied rock is normalized to the interpolated composition of the reference series that has the same SiO₂ content as the sample. This method amplifies differences in sources and in fractionation processes and allows comparison of rocks from basic to acid composition. Two distinct juvenile sources are proposed: a previously enriched phlogopite-K richterite bearing lithospheric mantle or a lower juvenile crustal equivalent for HKCA-shoshonitic magmas, and a lowest lithospheric-upper asthenospheric OIB-type mantle for alkaline-peralkaline magmatism. The first source is melted only shortly after its generation when the lithosphere was still hot, which restricts HKCA magmatism mainly to post-collisional settings. The second asthenospheric/lowest lithosphere source is by definition close to its melting temperature and can generate magma ubiquitously both in space and time. The main melting triggers are lithospheric major structures which are not only operative in a post-collisional setting but also in other environments such as intraplate setting. Geochemistry thus gives indications about the nature of the source and on geotectonic settings. However, the latter is a second rank information, which is partly model-dependant. The post-collisional period differs from other settings by a propensity to generate large amounts of magma of various kinds, among which HKCA magmatism is volumetrically the most prominent.  相似文献