Landslide hazard zonation mapping and comparative analysis of hazard zonation maps     

S. Sarkar  R. Anbalagan 《山地科学学报》2008,5(3):232-240

Landslide hazard zonation mapping at regional level of a large area provides a broad trend of landslide potential zones. A macro level landslide hazard zonation for a small area may provide a better insight into the landslide hazards. The main objective of the present work was to carry out macro landslide hazard zonation mapping on 1：50,000 scale in an area where regional level zonation mapping was conducted earlier. In the previous work the regional landslide hazard zonation maps of Srinagar- Rudraprayag area of Garhwal Himalaya in the state of Uttarakhand were prepared using subjective and objective approaches. In the present work the landslide hazard zonation mapping at macro level was carried out in a small area using a Landslide Hazard Evaluation Factor rating scheme. The hazard zonation map produced by using this technique classifies the area into relative hazard classes in which the high hazard zones well correspond with high frequency of landslides. The results of this map when compared with the regional zonation maps prepared earlier show that application of the present technique identified more details of the hazard zones, which are broadly shown in the earlier zonation maps.  相似文献   

测绘技术进步状况和2010年定位方向预测分析     

郭淑香  刘长生 《地理信息世界》2000,(1)

该文是对测绘技术进步对经济发展的作用进行定量分析,并运用经济、数学、统计等科学方法,依据产出增长数学方程,对测绘生产单位产值增长、技术进步速度和水平等进行测算,预测２０１０年测绘生产发展规模、技术水平等,提出对策建议,供管理决策者及部门参考。  相似文献   

Backward automatic calibration for three-dimensional landslide models     

Giacomo Titti  Giulia Bossi  Gordon G.D.Zhou  Gianluca Marcato  Alessandro Pasuto 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(1):231-241

Back-analysis is broadly used for approaching geotechnical problems when monitoring data are available and information about the soils properties is of poor quality.For landslide stability assessment back-analysis calibration is usually carried out by time consuming trial-and-error procedure.This paper presents a new automatic Decision Support System that supports the selection of the soil parameters for three-dimensional models of landslides based on monitoring data.The method considering a pool of possible solutions,generated through permutation of soil parameters,selects the best ten configurations that are more congruent with the measured displacements.This reduces the operator biases while on the other hand allows the operator to control each step of the computation.The final selection of the preferred solution among the ten best-fitting solutions is carried out by an operator.The operator control is necessary as he may include in the final decision process all the qualitative elements that cannot be included in a qualitative analysis but nevertheless characterize a landslide dynamic as a whole epistemological subject,for example on the base of geomorphological evidence.A landslide located in Northeast Italy has been selected as example for showing the system potentiality.The proposed method is straightforward,scalable and robust and could be useful for researchers and practitioners.  相似文献   

岛屿海岸线自动化提取及其时空变迁研究——以大连市獐子岛为例     

丁小松  单秀娟  陈云龙  金显仕  杨涛 《海洋科学》2018,42(2):46-55

海岸带是受人类活动和全球海平面上升影响的敏感地带,海岸线的提取和监测是海岸带生态系统研究和社会管理的重要内容。本文在遥感和地理信息系统的支持下,以修正的归一化水体指数(Modified Normalized Difference Water Index,MNDWI)为基础,结合遥感影像处理和直方图均衡化等技术,实现了大连市獐子岛1985—2016年海岸线的自动化提取。结果表明:(1)通过与三位专家目视解译的成果比对,本文提取海岸线的精度能满足后续研究的要求(相对误差分别为0.045%,0.032%和0.023%);(2)近30年来,獐子岛海岸线总体呈现蚀退趋势,岸线长度与岛屿面积分别呈现变短和变小的趋势,獐子岛(主岛)和大耗岛的岸线蚀退速率最大,褡裢岛次之,小耗岛最小;在人类活动较为密集的区域,海岸线呈现出较为强烈的增长趋势,海水养殖和圈海建坝是岸线增长的主要驱动力;(3)獐子岛海岸线具有显著的分形性质,分形维数随时间呈现增大的趋势,獐子岛(主岛)的分形维数最大,褡裢岛的分形维数最小。  相似文献   

伍豪非线性编辑系统在电视天气预报节目制作中的应用   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

林鹏 《气象与环境学报》2006,22(5):40-42

利用伍豪非线性编辑系统并根据气象部门需求,结合大连电视天气预报节目的制作特点,介绍了伍豪非线性编辑系统在电视天气预报节目制作中的应用,并分析了系统在电视天气预报节目制作中的优缺点。  相似文献   

0509号台风暴雨过程分析与暴雨灾害评估   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

盛永  陈艳秋  廖国进  黄阁 《气象与环境学报》2006,22(6):29-33

针对2005年8月8～10日辽宁区域性台风暴雨过程,以常规气象资料、自动站资料及卫星云图资料为基础进行分析。结果表明:暴雨是台风、副热带高压与西风槽相互作用的结果,较好的水汽条件是产生台风暴雨的重要条件之一,低空急流是水汽输送的通道,也是台风暴雨的明显特征之一;结合单站气压连续变化以及云系变化判断“麦莎”登陆时间地点;应用基于概率分析的暴雨事件快速评估模型对暴雨灾害进行评估,评估表明暴雨过程为三级暴雨灾害,属中度级别。  相似文献   

Application of the EnKF and Localization to Automatic History Matching of Facies Distribution and Production Data   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

Chinedu C. Agbalaka  Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geosciences》2008,40(4):353-374

The performance of the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) for continuous updating of facies location and boundaries in a reservoir model based on production and facies data for a 3D synthetic problem is presented. The occurrence of the different facies types is treated as a random process and the initial distribution was obtained by truncating a bi-Gaussian random field. Because facies data are highly non-Gaussian, re-parameterization was necessary in order to use the EnKF algorithm for data assimilation; two Gaussian random fields are updated in lieu of the static facies parameters. The problem of history matching applied to facies is difficult due to (1) constraints to facies observations at wells are occasionally violated when productions data are assimilated; (2) excessive reduction of variance seems to be a bigger problem with facies than with Gaussian random permeability and porosity fields; and (3) the relationship between facies variables and data is so highly non-linear that the final facies field does not always honor early production data well. Consequently three issues are investigated in this work. Is it possible to iteratively enforce facies constraints when updates due to production data have caused them to be violated? Can localization of adjustments be used for facies to prevent collapse of the variance during the data-assimilation period? Is a forecast from the final state better than a forecast from time zero using the final parameter fields?To investigate these issues, a 3D reservoir simulation model is coupled with the EnKF technique for data assimilation. One approach to enforcing the facies constraint is continuous iteration on all available data, which may lead to inconsistent model states, incorrect weighting of the production data and incorrect adjustment of the state vector. A sequential EnKF where the dynamic and static data are assimilated sequentially is presented and this approach seems to have solved the highlighted problems above. When the ensemble size is small compared to the number of independent data, the localized adjustment of the state vector is a very important technique that may be used to mitigate loss of rank in the ensemble. Implementing a distance-based localization of the facies adjustment appears to mitigate the problem of variance deficiency in the ensembles by ensuring that sufficient variability in the ensemble is maintained throughout the data assimilation period. Finally, when data are assimilated without localization, the prediction results appear to be independent of the starting point. When localization is applied, it is better to predict from the start using the final parameter field rather than continue from the final state.  相似文献   

Mapping the Pliocene Clay Deposits Using Remote Sensing and its Impact on the Urbanization Developments in Egypt: Case Study,East Sohag Area     

Ahmed Mohamed Youssef 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2008,26(5):579-591

In the current study, Thematic Mapper image was compiled along with field and laboratory investigation results to map the Pliocene clay deposits. These deposits have high swelling potential; consequently they will have a negative impact on the urbanization expansion surrounding the flood plain zone (Low desert zone) in Egypt. Principle Component and Minimum Noise Fraction techniques with the help of supervised classification were successful in the mapping of these deposits. The interpretation shows that the Pliocene clay deposits occupy most of the wadis terraces and part of the wadis floors, and sometimes they covered by Quaternary deposits (1–5 m of sand and gravel). The physio-chemical characteristics of these deposits indicate that the Pliocene clay ranges from silty clay to clay with small amounts of sand. Laboratory analysis (Atterberg limits, saturation degree, and cation exchange capacity) indicate the swelling characteristics of the Pliocene clay. Different classification systems were applied and all reveal the expansive nature of this soil, which should be taken into account for future development in the area.  相似文献   

基于航天远景一键快拼软件处理5D MarkⅢ无人机数据的研究     

徐娜 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(1)

介绍了利用无人机搭载佳能EOS 5D MarkⅢ影像数据在航天远景一键快拼软件下快速拼接生成DOM的方法,总结了该方法的优势和在快拼过程中需要注意的问题,可为今后的数据生产提供参考。  相似文献   

一种矢量线数据零水印算法     

李文德  闫浩文  王中辉  张黎明  禄小敏 《测绘科学》2017,42(3)

为了满足矢量地理空间数据高精度和零扰动的实用性需要,该文提出一种零水印算法。首先利用Logistic混沌映射置乱原始水印图像;然后对原始矢量线数据进行离散傅里叶变换,获得离散傅里叶变换后的相位值,并将相位值由弧度值转换为角度值;接着随机选取均匀分布的角度值,向下取整后转换为相应的二进制形式,得到二值矩阵;最后将置乱后的水印图像与由相位值构成的二值矩阵进行异或操作,从而构造出零水印图像。实验结果表明,该算法能够抵抗常见的平移、缩放等几何攻击,并且对数据格式转换攻击、投影变换攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。  相似文献