QuikSCAT卫星散射计矢量风检验及南海月平均风场特征分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王慧鹏  王春明  项杰  李健  刘春霞 《气象科学》2014,34(1):54-59

采用中国科学院南海海洋研究所2008年建设的,西沙海洋观测研究站上的自动气象站实测数据,对亚太数据研究中心提供的近实时QuikSCAT卫星遥感风场资料(2008年4月6日—12月31日)进行了检验和统计特征分析,得出:这两者风速的相关系数为0.86,平均偏差为-1.50 m/s,均方根误差为1.71 m/s,表明QuikSCAT卫星遥感风场资料在南海具有很高的适用性。在此基础上,利用QuikSCAT卫星遥感的月平均风场资料分析了南海月平均风场特征。结果表明:(1)南海季风10月到次年3月盛行东北风,6—8月盛行西南风,4、5、9月为季风转换季节;(2)存在两个平均风速大值中心,一个位于南海南部(10°N,108°E)附近,另一个位于台湾海峡附近,其位置和强度会随着季节变化而变动。  相似文献   

Weather extremes and street life in India—Implications of Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping as a new tool for semi-quantitative impact assessment and ranking of adaptation measures     

《Global Environmental Change》2014

The potential impacts of progressing climate change are alarming. Some adverse consequences are now unavoidable and adaptation measures are increasingly needful. This poses enormous challenges for emerging megacities in the Global South, which barely manage in current weather conditions. This paper introduces Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping as a new tool for structured, semi-quantitative assessments of climate change impacts and adaptation measures.Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping is used to evaluate differences in sensitivities to heatwaves and rainstorms across socio-economic groups and for the ranking of useful adaptation options, based on 188 individual interviews to the impacts of extreme weather events in Hyderabad, India. The results of this multi-stakeholder assessment indicate that rainstorms affect low-income residents more than heatwaves, while the opposite is true for medium-income respondents. The latter are also less seriously affected by extreme weather in general. Profession, though, not income determines the kind of impact that people feel most affected by. Individual characteristics like age and gender do not significantly explain differences in the data, but religion does. This is because, in Hyderabad, Muslims live in the older, less serviced and more affected parts of the city. However, semi-quantitative scenario analyses suggest that, under future climate change, many parts of the city will become increasingly exposed to the effects of extreme weather. Planned investments in urban infrastructure will be seriously challenged by climate change and preventive adaptation measures are urgently needed to at least maintain the current level of quality of life. Investments in the health infrastructure appear to be most effective in reducing the impact of heatwaves and investments in the traffic infrastructure most effective in reducing the impact of rainstorms. However, looking at heat and rain events together—which is realistic as they are both projected to increase and often occur in the same year—reveals that investments in water infrastructure and management have greatest potential to reduce impacts across all localities and on all social groups, particularly the lower-income classes. This is because first-order impacts caused by inadequate water infrastructure often give rise to second- or third-order impacts. Addressing the root cause is the most effective way to break cause-and-effect chains and prevent proliferation of negative consequences. Similar studies are suggested in other cities in order to support adaptation mainstreaming in complex urban environments. Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping proved a useful, semi-quantitative tool for climate change impact and adaptation assessments.  相似文献   

Resee矿山遥感监测系统变化向导模块在矿山变化信息提取中的应用     

周保辰  陈建平  李珂  冯增文 《江苏地质》2014,38(3):470-473

依靠自主研发的Resee矿山遥感自动监测系统中的变化向导模块可对矿区进行方法评价及变化图斑提取,辅助相关部门监视工作区存在的部分违规采矿行为,很好地实现对矿区采矿行为及影像的动态监测,对矿山环境的变化进行有效的监督管理,大大提高了矿山监测的效率和准确性.  相似文献   

测量机器人精密控制网误差分析     

白少云 《测绘科学》2014,39(10)

精密控制网测量中,气象因素对边长精度的影响不容忽视.文章针对测量机器人的主要误差来源,对影响精密控制网测量精度的主要因素进行分析:剖析了自动目标识别(ATR)的主要误差源,指出了ATR观测中应选择最佳观测条件以保证角度测量精度;结合实测数据详细分析了温度、气压、折光系数K对边长改正精度的影响,提出了在高精度测量中应精确测定气象因子和选择最佳观测时段测量的思路,并提出了利用三角高程网平差后高差求解各方向动态K值进行边长改正的方法,可有效提高边长改正的精度.最后实例验证了这些措施的可行性.  相似文献   

Mapping models for near-conservative systems with applications     

Ji-Lin Zhou  Yan-Ning Fu  Yi-Sui Sun 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1994,60(4):471-487

A systematic method is presented to construct a mapping model for a near-conservative system, based on that of Hadjidemetriou for a Hamiltonian system [1]. The mapping we constructed preserves the basic features of the actual system. We apply this method to the forced oscillating system and to the 3 : 1 resonant grain motion in the presence of Poynting-Robertson drag.Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.  相似文献   

Relationship between garnet skarn and W mineralization: A case study from the Tongshankou Cu-Mo-W deposit,Daye, Hubei.SCIEI北大核心CSCD     

朱乔乔  谢桂青  纪云昊  李新昊  汪方跃 《岩石学报》2023,(6):1600-1618

石榴子石是矽卡岩型矿床的标志性矿物之一,其结构和成分特征被广泛用来示踪早期成矿流体性质的变化,但其生长过程与金属元素富集过程的关系还不清楚。本文对长江中下游成矿带最西端鄂东矿集区内的铜山口铜钼钨矿床中的石榴子石开展了显微结构和电子探针主量元素、LA-ICP-MS微量元素点分析和面扫描分析。结果显示,铜山口矿床中的石榴子石端元成分以钙铁榴石-钙铝榴石为主,普遍含有一定量的W,特别是在钙铁榴石端元比例高的石榴子石中(可达3898×10-6),且W与Mo、As、Sn存在明显的正相关关系、与Ti存在一定的负相关关系,指示W以类质同象的方式进入石榴子石晶格。石榴子石可包裹结构简单的白钨矿或被具复杂结构的白钨矿交代,指示石榴子石记录了白钨矿形成前和形成过程中流体性质(氧逸度和W含量等)的变化。铜山口矿床中钙铁榴石的大量结晶,导致成矿早期W的大量分散,不利于高品位和大规模钨矿的形成,仅在这些钙铁榴石遭受强烈的退化蚀变时,释放的W在一定程度能够提高矿石的品位,这可能是氧化性矽卡岩型钨矿通常比还原性矽卡岩型钨矿品位低、规模小的重要原因。石榴子石的成分特征(如W、Sn等元素含量和W/Sn、W/Mo和W/As等比值)可以作为判断矽卡岩的氧化还原性和钨矿床的品位及规模的依据,并具有成为W、Mo和Sn等矿床的找矿勘查指示矿物的潜力。  相似文献   

Spatial patterns of adolescent drug use     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

Adolescent drug use is individually and socially harmful in terms of disrupting adolescent development and social cohesion. Prior research has identified populations at risk and risk factors for adolescent drug use. This research sought to contextualize adolescent drug use by examining this behavior from a geographic perspective. The specific objectives were to identify patterns, local clusters and excess spatial risk for 5-digit zip codes within the 5-county Cincinnati, Ohio region. Adolescents (n = 57,241) were recruited within local schools by the Coalition for a Drug-free Greater Cincinnati. Results of this research show spatial clusters for perceived safety of marijuana; peer approval of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana; and age of onset for other drugs. The location and nature of these clusters are discussed and displayed in-text. Further, zip codes that were in excess risk compared to the 5-county region were identified. The utility of this research is two-fold: (1) It identifies the geographic variability in adolescent drug use and correlated factors of use, and (2) It provides a methodological framework for future research in spatial epidemiology of drug use.  相似文献   

天文学英语新词自动提取系统     

余恒  崔辰州  张晖 《天文研究与技术》2015,(3)

科技名词中文译名标准化和规范化工作是推动我国科技进步和科学知识传播的重要基础。新的科学概念和技术名词层出不穷,如何及时发现并确定新生术语的中文译名是一项普遍的社会需求。介绍了一套全新的天文学英语新词自动提取系统。该系统综合使用脚本过滤、术语识别、正则表达匹配等多种方法,能够自动追踪Ar Xiv论文数据库的更新,分析天文学论文的内容,生成推荐术语列表,从而将学科专家从繁重的科技新词收集整理工作中解放出来,把有限的精力集中到更能体现专业素养的新词审定工作当中。这个系统将为推动天文学等基础学科的新词收集,乃至学科标准化等工作发挥积极作用。  相似文献   

江苏省自动土壤水分观测与人工观测对比分析及应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

费启  袁慧玲  阿不都外力·阿不力克木  周元  宗培书 《气象科学》2013,33(3):302-307

利用2010年江苏省20个土壤水分站的自动站与人工观测资料,分析了自动站与人工观测的对比差值、相关系数和各自的方差等.结果表明:人工观测值平均高于自动站观测值,两者在浅层的平均差值最小,相关性最好.随着土壤深度的加深,人工与自动观测对比差值增大,相关性减小,在出现强降水时尤为明显.在有效降水较少时,各层人工观测方差均明显大于自动站观测.自动站观测方差在浅层为最大,随深度的加深而明显降低,因为受降水影响很小,而表现比较稳定.人工观测却受降水影响相对较大,方差平均值在各层表现波动均较大,在较深层波动更明显.最后通过多元线性回归方法,以六合站为例初步建立了土壤干旱预报模型并检验其预报能力.  相似文献   

北京地区土壤背景值图的编制   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李廷芳  刘宝元 《地理学报》1989,44(1):11-21

本文对北京地区土壤背景值匿的编制进行了全面、系统的总结。编制土壤背景值图的基础资料有302十样点的无素测定值和运用计算机制图和因素分析法揭露的元素区域分布规律。土壤背景值图是采用分级统计图的形式。其制图单元：山区以母岩，平原地区以成土母质类型和土壤质地作为划分依据；背景值的数量分级采用显著性检验分级法。  相似文献