同构造沉积分析反演逆冲构造变形过程--燕山东段凌源南部中生代逆冲构造变形过程研究   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

张长厚  徐德斌  张维杰  Tim COPE  王根厚  孙卫华  肖伟峰  张忠义  张军龙 《地学前缘》2004,11(3):227-243

介绍了同构造沉积分析的基本概念、研究思路、主要研究方法及其在区域构造变形过程研究中的重要作用。基于对辽西凌源南部区域构造变形、晚侏罗世土城子组同构造沉积粗碎屑沉积物成分变化规律的研究 ,获得如下主要认识 :( 1)同构造沉积始于髫髻山组火山活动之后 ;沉积物成分变化及古水动力特征表明 ,同构造沉积物源区主体位于盆地西侧褶皱隆起区 ,而不是来自南东方向的大型逆冲断层上盘的前渊沉积 ;而且显示了正常层序的物源区倾斜岩层的剥蚀和揭顶过程 ;当时的剥蚀作用已达中元古界蓟县系雾迷山组上部。 ( 2 )分布于郭家店盆地和邓杖子盆地之间的中元古界长城系地层“残片” ,与其东侧北票组间为向SEE逆冲的断层接触 ,而西侧与土城子组 (原邓杖子组 )之间为不整合接触 ;在老虎沟东南长城系地层“残片”不复存在的区域 ,土城子组不整合于北票组之上。该“残片”很可能是髫髻山组火山活动之前指向SEE的逆冲构造变形形成的飞来峰构造的残余部分。( 3 )凌源南部中生代逆冲构造变形可以区分为 :早侏罗世北票组之前 (印支期 )由北向南的逆冲作用、北票组之后髫髻山组之前向SEE的冲断推覆、髫髻山组之后的逆冲褶皱变形与同构造沉积作用以及九佛堂组之后局部的逆冲作用。指向SEE的主要逆冲作用以及伴生褶皱变形  相似文献   

基于Monte Carlo模拟的三维剖面地质界线不确定性分析     

侯卫生  杨翘楚  杨亮  崔婵婕 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2017,47(3)

三维剖面地质界线是构建三维地质结构模型的重要基础数据,其不确定性会影响三维模型的几何形态和属性分布。以单一分布为假设前提的统计学不确定性分析方法掩盖了其他概率分布特征对模型的影响。突破单一误差分布条件的假设前提,本文使用Monte Carlo方法模拟了不同概率分布情况下地质剖面数据中地质界线的抽样采集,以及地质界线空间分布的不确定性;依托地质界线空间位置与地质属性的耦合关系,提出了用地质属性概率分布实现地质界线空间不确定性的定量可视化,并结合实际地质剖面探讨了多种概率分布条件下地质界线的空间不确定性。实例研究表明,基于Monte Carlo模拟的不确定性分析方法可以突破单一误差分布假设条件,结合地质属性概率可充分揭示出建模数据的内在不确定性与模型外在要素形态之间的耦合关系。  相似文献   

Channel change at Toudaoguai Station and its responses to the operation of upstream reservoirs in the upper Yellow River     

RAN Lishan  WANG Suiji  FAN Xiaoli 《地理学报》2010,20(2):231-247

The application of dams built upstream will change the input conditions, including water and sediment, of downstream fluvial system, and destroy previous dynamic quasi-equilibrium reached by channel streamflow, so indispensable adjustments are necessary for downstream channel to adapt to the new water and sediment supply, leading the fluvial system to restore its previous equilibrium or reach a new equilibrium. Using about 50-year-long hydrological, sedimentary and cross-sectional data, temporal response processes of Toudaoguai cross-section located in the upper Yellow River to the operation of reservoirs built upstream are analyzed. The results show that the Toudaoguai cross-section change was influenced strongly by upstream reservoir operation and downstream channel bed armoring thereafter occurred gradually and extended to the reach below Sanhuhekou gauging station. Besides, median diameter of suspended sediment load experienced a three-stage change that is characterized by an increase at first, then a decrease and an increase again finally, which reflects the process of channel bed armoring that began at Qingtongxia reservoir and then gradually developed downstream to the reach below Sanhuhekou cross-section. Since the joint operation strategy of Longyangxia, Liujiaxia and Qingtongxia reservoirs was introduced in 1986, the three-stage change trend has become less evident than that in the time period between 1969 and 1986 when only Qingtongxia and Liujiaxia reservoirs were put into operation alone. In addition, since 1987, the extent of lateral migration and thalweg elevation change at Toudaoguai cross-section has reduced dramatically, cross-sectional profile and location tended to be stable, which is beneficial to the normal living for local people.  相似文献   

Modeling the morphology of gully cross sections in the Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley     

Yuxiang Feng  Hongli Mu  Fachao Qin  Qingchun Deng  Hui Liu 《自然地理学》2013,34(5):448-469

Abstract

Characterizing gully cross sections (GCs) is essential for calculating the volume and erosion rate of the gully. However, little research has focused on modeling the morphology of GCs. This study investigated 456 GCs with a laser distance meter located at the mouth, middle, and head of 152 gullies in the Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley of China; mapped them with AutoCAD software; fitted them with 2nd–6th degree polynomial functions, and discussed the correlation between the coefficients and the morphology of GCs. The results showed that: (1) using a 2nd-degree polynomial function (y = ax² + bx + c) to describe the morphology of GCs produced a better result than other polynomial functions; (2) the coefficient a of 2nd-degree polynomial function was correlated with depth (r = ?0.226, p < 0.01), gradient (r = 0.545, p < 0.01), and activities; and (3) the symmetry axis (?b/2a) of 2nd-degree polynomial function increased with gully change from left-deflection to right-skewed, and the absolute value showed the asymmetrical degree (r = 0.216, p < 0.01). This study will not only help to understand the morphology and evolution of gullies, but will also provide a scientific basis for prevention of gully erosion.  相似文献   

郑州北郊水源地中深层地下水均衡分析     

王保君 《城市地质》2012,7(2):27-29

本文在依据郑州北郊地区水文地质条件,分析了其水源地深层地下水的补给量和排泄量：中深层地下水补给量为7152m3/d,排泄量为7134m3/d,均衡差为18m3/d;开采条件下,中深层地下水的补给量为46301m3/d,排泄量为46320m3/d,均衡差为-19m3/d。  相似文献   

长距离曲线顶管技术在电力管道工程中的应用     

陈勇  陈永光  黄以华 《岩土钻凿工程》2011,(2):63-68

非开挖技术在市政管道铺设中的应用越来越广泛,从直径50mm通讯光缆-直径3000mm混凝土管道,采用非开挖安装各种管道都变得很普遍。同时,鉴于非开挖技术综合效益优越性、环境友好型施工特点,也逐渐被工程建设方、社会所接受和认可。泥水平衡顶管技术是非开挖最为成熟的技术之一,在城市市政设施建设中也起着举足轻重的作用。采用泥水平衡顶管技术进行城市雨污分流改造已经在国内大量城市取得应用,但是,采用泥水平衡顶管在岩层中铺设直径达2000mm埋深在5m电力管道,在国内为数不多,在福建厦门地区也是尚属首次。通过在工程施工中对设备、施工工艺的摸索和改进,最后采用泥水平衡顶管施工技术成功铺设建设方所要求的电力管道。本工程将为在福建地区采用预管技术铺设大口径长距离、曲线管道提供了指导和借鉴。  相似文献   

超大断面低扁平率公路隧洞先成预应力结构新型支护体系数值模拟   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

袁勇  王胜辉 《岩土力学》2008,29(1):240-244

为适应日益增长的经济和交通发展需求,修建以4车道公路隧道为代表的超大断面低扁平率公路隧洞的需求初露端倪,这类隧道的低扁平率特征使传统的隧道支护体系面临许多困难,急待开发新型的隧洞支护体系。采用FLAC数值模拟平台研究了基于隧洞“先成结构法”支护理念的“先成预应力结构”新型支护体系在提高超大断面低扁平率公路隧洞洞室稳定性方面的效果,为“先成结构法”支护理念在超大断面低扁平率公路隧洞中的应用实施提供了有力的支持。  相似文献   

扁平大跨度公路隧道松动荷载计算方法探讨   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

曲海锋  朱合华  蔡永昌 《岩土力学》2008,29(4):989-994

确定松动荷载的方法多为规范法和理论公式法,这些方法都建立在对以往隧道松动荷载统计和分析的基础上。双洞八车道扁平大跨度公路隧道是近几年发展起来的一种隧道形式。由于其跨度增加、扁平率降低,现有松动荷载的算方法是否适用于双洞八车道公路隧道,已成为隧道建设者面对的重要问题之一。以广州龙头山双洞八车道公路隧道为研究背景,概括和总结了各种松动荷载的计算方法;应用这些方法计算龙头山隧道的松动压力,分析和对比计算结果,并通过数值计算和实测围岩压力对各种方法的合理性进行了分析;根据各种方法的产生背景和内容,分析其各自的适用性;根据研究结果,对扁平大跨度公路隧道进行了适应性分析和讨论。  相似文献   

不良地质段双洞交叉开挖三维有限元分析     

徐彬  王康柱  李宁 《岩土力学》2007,28(Z1):437-442

积石峡水电站泄洪洞与导流洞交叉段形成了跨度为28 m,高度为22 m类似城门洞形的大断面洞室,该洞段围岩呈层状分布,且有一软弱夹层穿过拱顶,对洞室稳定极为不利。针对这一实际工程问题,确定了开挖方案和支护措施,采用三维非线性有限元分析了该处的围岩应力和变形随开挖进行的变化和围岩的稳定性,并考虑了位于拱顶的软弱夹层对交叉段洞室开挖围岩稳定的影响,对于其他类似工程,其结果具有良好的参考价值。  相似文献   

Incorporation of Non-Linear Effective Cross-Section Parameterizations into a Fast Photolysis Computation Code (Fast-J)     

Philip J. Cameron-Smith 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2000,37(3):283-297

We have investigated several methods of incorporating laboratorymeasurements of effective cross-sections (quantum yield timesabsorption cross-section) that are non-linear functions oftemperature, pressure, and wavelength, into the Fast-J photolysis codeof Wild et al. (2000). The best method was found to beparameterization of the solar weighted effective cross-section usingthe form of the effective cross-section, with numerical fitting of theparameterization constants. Using this technique on the acetone dataof Gierczak et al. (1998) produces aparameterization which fits all points to within 1%. This methodshould also benefit other photolysis codes with large wavelength bins.  相似文献