Modeling discontinuous rock mass based on smoothed finite element method     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2016

This paper aims at developing a method for modeling rock mass with preexisting multiple discontinuities within the framework of the smoothed finite element method (SFEM). The discontinuity is simulated by an interface element with zero thickness, the stiffness matrix of which are derived explicitly based on the SFEM. An elastic damage constitutive relation with residual strength is introduced in order to describe the nonlinear mechanical behavior of the discontinuities. The computation codes of the present method were developed. The present method has been verified to be a sound approach for modeling discontinuous rock mass, inheriting the advantages of the SFEM.  相似文献   

“东方之星”客轮翻沉事件周边区域风灾现场调查与多尺度特征分析   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

郑永光  田付友  孟智勇  薛明  姚聃  白兰强  周晓霞  毛旭  王明筠 《气象》2016,42(1):1-13

2015年6月1日21:30左右长江湖北监利段发生"东方之星"客轮翻沉特大事故。本文根据事发周边陆地区域现场天气调查结果,结合卫星和雷达观测资料分析认为,6月1日21:00-21:40左右事发江段和周边区域发生了下击暴流导致的强烈大风灾害,最强风力超过12级,并具有空间分布不连续、多尺度和强灾害时空尺度小等特征。事发周边区域北部受中气旋影响陆地区域(顺星村、老台深水码头、四台村养猪场附近、新沟子养鸡场附近等)灾情较南部阵风锋及其后侧下击暴流影响的陆地区域更为显著。综合雷达观测资料和现场调查资料分析判断多数调查点灾害为显著微下击暴流所致,其中老台深水码头有龙卷发生的可能。导致此次风灾的强对流风暴气流具有显著的多尺度性;事发周边区域北部的四台村养猪场附近树林中同时发生了多条相邻的微下击暴流条迹,呈现出辐散和辐合交替分布的特征,展示了此次强对流风暴中大气运动的复杂分布特点。虽然下击暴流会伴随中小尺度的涡旋特征,但此次现场调查发现的与下击暴流相联系的辐合特征水平尺度仅几十米,远小于弓形回波两端的书挡涡旋或者中涡旋等几千米级的水平尺度。  相似文献   

1961-2013年东北三省玉米低温冷害频率的时空动态研究     

杨若子  周广胜 《气象科学》2016,36(3):311-318

基于东北三省1961-2013年气象数据,结合具有生物学意义的热量指数,利用SPSS聚类分析方法给出了东北三省低温冷害分类标准,并对低温冷害频率时空特征和年代际空间变化规律进行了分析。研究指出：东北三省玉米（轻、中、重度）低温冷害发生范围随时间呈减小-增大-减小变化趋势,1999年后东北三省出现低温冷害的范围显著减小,变化幅度均为中度> 重度> 轻度低温冷害。近10 a东北三省的轻度低温冷害仍时有发生,而中度和重度低温冷害发生较少。东北三省低温冷害频率呈由北向南呈减小趋势,轻、中、重度低温冷害频率高值区分别位于营口、哈尔滨和大兴安岭地区。各年代的重度低温冷害发生范围变化不大,中度与轻度低温冷害发生范围变化较大。研究结果可为东北三省低温冷害风险评估提供依据。  相似文献   

高水压顶管隧道管节修复装置的设计与应用          下载免费PDF全文

常喜平  贺建群  王乐  李贻浩 《探矿工程》2016,43(6):56-59

富春江顶管工程为例,介绍了一种可快速拆卸的用于深埋顶管隧道对管节局部破损进行修复的装置。装置结构简单、紧凑,易于在圆形截面的隧道中进行快速拼装。该装置最高耐水压力0.8 MPa,可对地下水位以下30~80 m顶管隧道中出现沿轴线长＜0.4 m环状破损的管节进行注浆修复。这种设计能够有效解决深埋顶管隧道小面积局部破损、小范围漏水涌砂等问题,为深埋顶管等方法构筑的圆形隧道提供应急修复保障。  相似文献   

Residual compressive strength of inclined steel tubular members with local corrosion     

《Applied Ocean Research》2016

In jacket-type offshore structures, corrosion damage affects the structural performance under compressive loading, which is created by the working and design loads of the main system. In this study, the effects of corrosion damage on the compressive structural behavior and strength of steel tubular members were investigated. Artificial corrosion damage was applied to the tubular specimens via mechanical processing and hand drilling to replicate the inclined nature of jacket-type offshore structures. The damage was applied to either half or all of the circumference of the specimens. The compressive failure modes of the artificially corroded tubular members were affected by the corrosion conditions. The compressive strengths were also affected by the level of corrosion. From the results of this study, the residual compressive strengths of corroded tubular steel members can be estimated based on the condition of the damaged sectional areas.  相似文献   

Research of in-situ hydraulic test method by using double packer equipment          下载免费PDF全文

JI Rui-li  ZHANG Ming  SU Rui  GUO Yong-hai  ZHOU Zhi-chao  LI Jie-biao 《地下水科学与工程》2016,4(1):41-51

Double packer equipment for hydraulic test can be used to measure pressure of test zone directly, and it is frequently used to perform many kinds of hydraulic tests and take groundwater sample from borehole. The test method of this equipment mainly includes the test design, implementation, interpretation and synthetic analysis. By adopting the double packer equipment for hydraulic test, the parameter distribution of rock permeability along borehole can be acquired, as well as the connectivity, water conductivity and water bearing capacity of the disclosed structure and the chemical characteristics of the deep groundwater. It is a necessary method for the research and evaluation of the complex hypotonicity terrace site selection under geological conditions. This method is not only suitable for the geological disposal of high level radioactive waste, but also can be used in the site selection of underground facilities such as storage of petroleum and carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, it has a good application prospect in other hydrogeological investigation fields.  相似文献   

Fracture characteristics in Cretaceous platform and overlying ramp carbonates: An outcrop study from Maiella Mountain (central Italy)     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2016

This article focuses on field- and laboratory-based characterization of vertically persistent fractures that are part of oblique-slip normal fault zones and crosscut the Cretaceous platform and overlaying ramp carbonates outcropping at Maiella Mountain (central Italy). The achieved results show that: (i) fault damage zones are wider and more densely fractured in the platform carbonates than in the ramp ones; (ii) joints and sheared joints composing the fault damage zones are taller, better connected and less spaced within the former rocks than in the ramp carbonates. The aforementioned structural differences are interpreted to be a consequence of the different mechanical properties of the platform and ramp carbonates during failure. At Maiella Mountain, platform carbonates are, indeed, made up of overall stiffer (higher Uniaxial Compressive Strength values) and less porous rocks, due to more abundant intergranular void-filling cement and presence of matrix.In terms of hydrocarbon flow and recovery, geometric and dimensional attributes of fractures suggest that the well-connected network of closely spaced fractures cutting across the platform carbonates may form efficient pathways for both vertical and horizontal hydrocarbon flow. In contrast, the relatively poorly connected and low-density fracture network affecting the ramp carbonates is likely less efficient in providing fairways for flowing hydrocarbons.  相似文献   

锈蚀钢筋在疲劳荷载作用下压磁场分布研究     

金伟良  周峥栋  毛江鸿  张军  崔磊  潘崇根 《海洋工程》2016,34(5):65-72

针对锈蚀钢筋的疲劳损伤与寿命评估中的难度大、精度低等问题,引入压磁检测技术,对锈蚀钢筋疲劳过程中的压磁场分布进行检测,从宏观与微观相结合的角度分析压磁场分布与疲劳损伤之间的联系。试验结果表明,锈蚀钢筋的压磁场分布能够反映疲劳损伤的演变规律,疲劳后期非线性特征加剧,锈蚀率及应力幅越大则变化越为明显,磁感强度值、磁场分布梯度、"反转"现象等均有助于进行疲劳损伤评价与寿命预测。研究结果可为压磁无损检测技术在钢筋混凝土结构中的应用提供依据。  相似文献   

Testing and modeling of the mechanical behavior of dolomite in the Wudongde hydropower plant     

J. C. Zhang  W. Y. Xu  H. L. Wang  Q. X. Meng 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2016,11(4):270-280

In order to understand the mechanical behaviours of the surrounding rocks in the underground caverns of the Wudongde hydropower plant, triaxial tests are performed on a type of dolomite. It is revealed that damage induced by crack development is the main factor controlling the nonlinear plastic deformation and failure behaviour of the dolomite in both pre- and post-peak regimes. Based on this understanding, a coupled elastoplastic damage model is developed for capturing the dolomite’s mechanical behaviours. In the model, the effects of plasticity and damage on rocks is described by introducing plastic hardening and damage softening commonly in the plastic yield surface. Which are both derived from a suitable Helmholtz free energy function. The model is used to simulate the triaxial tests. Comparisons between test results and the numerical modelling show that the developed model is capable of describing the macro mechanical behaviours of the Wudongde dolomite.  相似文献   

PM_2.5降尘对A549细胞线粒体氧化损伤的影响     

宋小芳  杨洁  霍婷婷  马骥  董发勤  马杰  王玉琳  邓建军 《岩石矿物学杂志》2018,37(6):985-992

将不同浓度PM_(2.5)降尘作用于A549细胞后,利用MTT法检测其存活率,W-G染色观察细胞形态,荧光探针法检测细胞ROS和MMP相对水平,以探讨PM_(2.5)降尘对A549细胞线粒体氧化损伤的影响及作用机制。结果显示,经12. 5μg/m L的PM_(2.5)降尘作用A549细胞3 h后,细胞存活率为(81. 77±6. 15)%,并随作用浓度及时间增加呈递减趋势。PM_(2.5)染毒后可观察到细胞形态不规则,胞膜溶解破坏,细胞微核出现。PM_(2.5)降尘作用于细胞24 h后,胞内ROS相对含量随暴露浓度增加呈递增趋势,细胞MMP相对水平随染毒浓度增加而降低,且胞内ROS和MMP两者间存在显著相关关系(R2=0. 878)。提示PM_(2.5)降尘处理A549细胞后可通过刺激ROS的产生,诱导细胞MMP下降,造成细胞线粒体氧化损伤。  相似文献