与时俱进,发展中国大地构造学   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

任纪舜  邓平  肖藜薇 《地学前缘》2004,11(3):1-7

论述了黄汲清经典著作《中国主要地质构造单位》的深远影响。它是中国大地构造研究的奠基之作和经典著作 ,其基本内容和主要论点已为实践所证实 ,并为国内外地质界所认同。这部著作不仅全面系统地总结了过去 ,而且对一些重大地质问题进行了科学预测 ,为后人指出了研究的方向。它是一部你什么时候读都有味道 ,都会受到新的启发的著作。黄汲清的学术思想是民主的、开放的 ,与时俱进的。在《中国主要地质构造单位》中 ,他运用阿尔冈活动论的思想 ,阐述了中国大地构造的动力演化过程。之后 ,他又吸收了裴伟深断裂的思想 ,深入研究了中国的深断裂。 2 0世纪 70年代 ,他指导他的学生将多旋回思想与板块构造结合 ,在中国大地构造图上首次详细标绘了中国境内的板块缝合带 ,从全球动力学角度 ,将他 1 94 5年提出的亚洲三种构造型式发展为古亚洲、特提斯和滨太平洋三大构造域。黄汲清的研究始终是从东亚地质的实际情况出发 ,他曾多次指出 :中国是全球构造研究中的一块宝地 ,中国人应该为世界地质科学的发展做出贡献  相似文献   

安徽张八岭地区西冷岩组早期构造变形特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

鲁如魁高天山  张志树刘家云 吴海权 《中国地质》2004,31(2):131-138

安徽张八岭地区西冷岩组早期构造变形复杂，主要表现为褶皱以及与褶皱变形密切相关的韧性剪切变形。野外调查表明，该地层中至少发育3期褶皱变形，其中F1为北西向韧性剪切褶皱；F2为向南南西倾伏的纵弯褶皱；F3为近东西向的宽缓褶皱。F1与F：联合制约了西冷岩组岩层展布的总体格局。显微构造，特别是岩石的磁性组构特征证明了区内曾发生过多期构造变形，且有两期最为显著，即早期的水平剪切和随后发生的侧向挤压。本文重点阐述上述褶皱变形的几何学特征，并进行运动学和动力学分析。  相似文献   

Meteorological Office, Pune-411 005     

U. S. De  Medha Khole  M. M. Dandekar 《Natural Hazards》2004,31(2):487-497

Natural disasters like floods, tornadoes, tropicalcyclones, heat and cold wavewreak havoc and cause tremendous loss ofproperty all over the world. Most ofthe natural disasters are either dueto weather or are triggered due toweather related processes.Extreme weather events claimed thousands oflives and caused damage on vastscale. Recent super cyclone which affectedOrissa in 1999, Bangladesh cyclone of1970 and Hurricane Andrew in 1992 areexamples of some of the more damagingtropical cyclones which affected developingas well as the developed world. Heatand cold waves are also extreme events,which cause enormous losses in terms oflives lost and human discomfort and ailmentsarising out of them. The heat waveof 1995 and 1998 are still fresh in the mindof the Indian public. The estimated lossof human lives due to heat wave in 1998 was morethan 15,000. Economic losses asa result of these disasters and in particular inassociation with tropical cyclones haveincreased enormously over the last three decades.During 1961–1991, total loss oflives from drought alone was 1,333,728 overthe whole world. In terms of economiclosses, there is 8–10 fold increase from thebase figure of 1960. The socio-economicimpact of natural disaster is complex dependingupon the vulnerability of the placeand mitigation strategies that are put in place.Meteorology plays a crucial role in forewarningpeople about the severe/extremeweather systems and a constant endeavour by themeteorological services worldover has gone a long way towards minimizing thelosses caused by natural disasters.The paper summarises the natural disasterstatistics over south Asia and the possibleprediction strategies for combating theirsocio-economic impacts.  相似文献   

鹅湖岩体岩石谱系单位的建立及其就位机制分析     

吴文革  谢卫红 《城市地质》2004,16(3):12-17,23

鹅湖岩体为S型花岗岩 ,具有结构和成分演化序列。运用岩石结构序列法 ,将其划分为 5个单元 ,归并为 1个超单元。按侵入体空间展布形式、岩体地质学、岩石学、构造等资料 ,探讨了岩体就位机制  相似文献   

关注三维交切构造——出露地表的大陆岩石圈构造解耦面     

马文璞  王果胜 《地质通报》2004,(Z2)

大陆内部弥散性的变形表明经典板块构造理论未能阐述大陆构造。矿物变形的实验室研究结果、岩石流变学性质随深度改变和地震测深剖面资料都提示大陆岩石圈具有三明治式的强度包络面。任纪舜、张国伟和钟大赉分别把岩石圈不同深度层次的三维交切构造称为立交桥式构造或多向层架构造。它们的出现提示岩石圈发生了构造解耦,新的变形体制在拆离面以上发展起来。前苏联地质学家把它称为岩石圈的构造成层作用。本文列举了喜马拉雅东、西构造结和秦岭造山带可能出露于地表的三维交切构造实例,呼吁重视这类代表大陆岩石圈不同深度层次的构造堆叠体,并把它作为揭示岩石圈构造变形的最佳切入点。  相似文献   

Pressure State in Deep Crust and Formation Depth of UHP Metamorphic Rocks     

Lü Guxian 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(2):135-144

INTRODUCTIONSincethediscoveryofeclogiteswithcoesiteanddia mondinclusionsrelatedtothecontinent continentcollision orogenyenvironment,theultrahigh pressuremetamorphism(UHPM )intheDabie Suluhasarousedgreatinterestinmanygeologists (Liouetal .,1994 ;Xuetal.,1992 ) .Experimentalstudieshaveprovedthatsuchmineralsasdia mond ,coesiteandomphaciteoccurredat 2 - 5GPa (andatthecorrespondingtemperatures) (Stevenetal.,1982 ;MirwaldandMasonne ,1980 ) .However,itdoesnotmeanthatthemetamorphicrockscanbe…  相似文献   

Nickel speciation in Sebertia acuminata,a plant growing on a lateritic soil of New Caledonia     

Nicolas Perrier  Fabrice Colin  Tanguy Jaffré  Jean-Paul Ambrosi  Jérôme Rose  Jean-Yves Bottero 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(6):567-577

Nickel speciation in a nickel hyperaccumulating plant (Sebertia acuminata) and its associated soil of southern New Caledonia was studied using various analytical methods. The soil is formed of iron oxides (goethite, hematite), which contain almost all the nickel. The available nickel is probably linked to the organic matter in the litter. Sebertia acuminata, acts as a nickel pump, and concentrates the metal in its leaves. It partitions nickel and silica; nickel is concentrated in the cells (probably in the vacuoles) as organometallic complexes, whereas silica forms the framework of the cells, and the phytolithes. A thorough study of these plants seems essential in order to define the soil–plant relations, and to propose appropriate ways for ecological restoration. To cite this article: N. Perrier et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

Le Silurien de la région d'Oulad Abbou (Meseta occidentale,Maroc) : une sédimentation péritidale sous contrôle tectonique     

Ahmed Attou  Naima Hamoumi 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(9):767-774

In the Oulad Abbou syncline, western coastal Meseta, the Silurian deposits exhibit siliciclastic or mixed siliciclastic/carbonate tidal facies that recorded alkaline basalt flows and syn-sedimentary deformations. These facies are staked into peritidal shallowing upward sequences reflecting the evolution from an infratidal to a supratidal environment. These sequences recorded low-amplitude and high-frequency sea-level variations. The built-up of these rhythmic sequences is related to distensive tectonic that allowed the development of isolated platform from extensive siliciclastic influx. This tectonic event is well recorded in the palaeogeographic evolution of the northern Gondwana platform during the Lower Palaeozoic time. To cite this article: A. Attou, N. Hamoumi, C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

孟湾槽在百色市异常降雪天气中的作用     

邓海光  唐毓勇 《云南地理环境研究》2004,(Z1)

通过对1983年12月28日、2002年12月26日百色市两次异常降雪天气过程的对比分析,发现冬季孟加拉湾槽的发展东移在其中起到了关键性的作用。由于孟加拉湾槽前暖湿气流强盛,这种强盛的西南暖湿气流在低空冷空气堆(冷锋)上发生强烈的系统性上升运动,从而导致百色市及其邻近地区出现异常的雨雪天气。  相似文献   

Correlation distance of waveforms for closely located events—I. Implication of the heterogeneous structure around the source region of the 1995 Hyogo-Ken Nanbu, Japan, earthquake (M_w= 6.9)     

Hisashi Nakahara 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,157(3):1255-1268

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