潜水含水层井损计算方法探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

洪乃静  胡建刚 《陕西地质》1994,(1)

本文根据潜水含水层稳定流多落程抽水试验所取得的△hw2～f（Q）关系曲线，推导出了潜水含水层中井损计算公式或并结合实例阐述了潜水含水层中稳定流抽水试验井损的计算方法；对利用稳定流抽水试验准确求解水文地质参数具有一定参考意义。  相似文献   

应用水文地球化学方法分析郑家泉域水文地质条件     

于艳青  余秋生  张发旺  韩占涛  薛忠岐 《水文地质工程地质》2005,32(5):17-19

本文利用钻孔水化学数据和地球化学模拟方法,分析了郑家泉泉域基岩裂隙含水层各钻孔之间的水力联系和地下水补迳排特征。研究表明泉域北部的基岩裂隙含水层为条带状分布,到南部逐渐混合,郑家泉水的补给源主要来自西部和北部。  相似文献   

滨海多层含水层系统中海潮引起的地下水位波动     

郭巧娜  李海龙  夏玉强  李国徽 《地下水》2007,29(2):27-31

通过对一个滨海多层含水层系统的考察,该含水层系统由上、下弱透水层和介于中间的承压含水层组成,海底露头处被淤泥层覆盖.建立了描述该系统中地下水水头随潮汐波动的数学模型,并得到其解析解.该解析解与六个基本参数有关,分别是承压含水层的海潮传播参数,淤泥层的无量纲透水系数,上下弱透层与承压含水层贮水率的比率 (无量纲)和上下弱透层的无量纲越流.当这些参数取某些特殊值时,我们的解便化简为前人考虑的几种简单情形对应的解.分析表明,承压含水层中地下水水头波幅是上、下弱透水层贮水率和越流系数的减函数,是淤泥层相对透水系数的增函数;波动相位(时滞)是上、下弱透水层贮水率和越流系数的增函数,是淤泥层相对透水系数的减函数.  相似文献   

直线补给边界非稳定井流数值模拟研究     

杜慧丽 《地下水》2007,29(3):25-27

针对解析方法求解半无限含水层井流问题,对直线补给边界附近的井流采用数值方法进行模拟计算,并将两种方法进行比较,数值计算结果表明,存在补给边界时,抽水一定时间以后降深能达到稳定,但仅仅代表观测点处降深达到稳定,而整个渗流场并未达到稳定状态.  相似文献   

Water supply potential and optimal exploitation capacity of karst aquifer systems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Igor Jemcov 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):767-773

The management of groundwater flow systems in karst regions appears, at present, to be the most important procedure for solving water deficiency problems during periods of low rainfall. Faced with a lack of data for characterizing the water supply potential of karst aquifers, analyses of spring hydrographs may provide valuable indirect information regarding the structure of karst hydrogeological systems. To estimate the optimal exploitation capacities of karstic sources, a stochastic-conceptual approach was applied in case studies from the Serbian karst. Water supply potentials were initially evaluated on the basis of groundwater budgets. Further steps towards defining optimal “exploitable” regimes included analyses of storage changes in karst water reservoirs under natural conditions and calculation of the potential expansion of currently tapped sources. The results obtained through these analyses are a significant contribution to feasibility studies and aid in the avoidance of problems of overexploitation.  相似文献   

Analysis of radial movement of an unconfined leaky aquifer due to well pumping and injection   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jiang Li 《Hydrogeology Journal》2007,15(6):1063-1076

Radial movement of an unconfined leaky aquifer was studied with respect to hydraulic forces that are induced by well recharge and discharge. New analytic solutions in the velocity and displacement fields were found and applied to describe transient movement in an unconfined leaky aquifer. Linear momentum and mass balance of saturated porous sediments, the Darcy-Gersevanov law, and the analytic solution of hydraulic drawdown for unsteady flow within the unconfined leaky aquifer were introduced to find the new solutions. Analytic results indicate that the nonlinear relation between the initial hydraulic head (h₀) and the well function has an insignificant effect on the aquifer transient movement when the drawdown s<0.02h ₀. When the well function is simplified with different assumptions and pumping conditions, the new solutions correspondingly reduce to cases that are similar to the Hantush-Jacob, Muskat, and Theis transient movement of a confined leaky aquifer. It was found that large leakance is important in slowing radial movement and reducing aquifer deformation. Flow velocity in the aquifer is more responsive to leakance than to cumulative displacement within the aquifer. The zones and boundary with tensile stress can be located using the same approach applied to a confined aquifer for risk assessment of earth fissuring.

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Résumé Le mouvement radial dans un aquifère semi-perméable libre a été étudié en considérant les forces hydrauliques induites par la recharge et le prélèvement au niveau d’un puits. De nouvelles solutions analytiques des champs de vitesse et de déplacement ont été trouvées et appliquées pour décrire le mouvement transitoire dans un aquifère semi-perméable libre. Pour trouver les nouvelles solutions, le moment linéaire et le bilan de masse dans les sédiments poreux saturés, la loi de Darcy-Gersevanov, et la solution analytique du rabattement hydraulique pour un écoulement transitoire dans un aquifère semi-perméable libre sont pris en compte. Les résultats analytiques montrent que la relation non-linéaire entre le potentiel hydraulique initial (h₀) et la fonction de puits a un effet insignifiant sur le mouvement transitoire de l’aquifère quand le rabattements s <0.02h₀. Si la fonction de puits est simplifiée en tenant compte de différentes hypothèses et conditions de pompage, les nouvelles solutions se réduisent en conséquence à des cas similaires au mouvement transitoire dans un aquifère semi-perméable captif selon Hantush-Jacob, Muskat, et Theis. Il s’est avéré qu’une drainance élevée est importante pour le ralentissement du mouvement radial et la réduction de la déformation de l’aquifère. La vitesse d’écoulement dans l’aquifère est plus sensible à la drainance qu’au déplacement cumulé dans l’aquifère. Les zones et la frontière présentant des contraintes de traction peuvent être localisées en utilisant la même approche appliquée à un aquifère captif pour l’évaluation des risques de fissuration du sol.

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Resumen Se ha estudiado el movimiento radial en un acuífero no confinado con fuga en relación a las fuerzas hidráulicas que son inducidas por la descarga y recarga del pozo. Se encontraron nuevas soluciones analíticas en los campos de desplazamiento y velocidad, las cuales se aplicaron para describir el movimiento transitorio en un acuífero no confinado con fuga. Se han introducido cálculos de balance de masa y momentum lineal de los sedimentos porosos saturados, la Ley Darcy-Gersevanov, y la solución analítica de descenso hidráulico para flujo sin régimen permanente dentro del acuífero no confinado con goteo para encontrar las nuevas soluciones. Los resultados analíticos indican que la relación no lineal entre la presión hidráulica inicial (h₀) y la función del pozo tiene efecto insignificante en el movimiento transitorio del acuífero cuando el descenso s < 0.02h₀. Cuando se simplifica la función del pozo en base a diferentes supuestos y condiciones de bombeo se reducen las nuevas soluciones a casos que son similares a el movimiento transitorio Hantush-Jacob, Muskat, y Theis de un acuífero confinado con goteo. Se encontró que las fugas grandes son importantes en la disminución del movimiento radial y en la reducción de la deformación del acuífero. La velocidad de flujo en el acuífero responde más a las fugas que al desplazamiento acumulativo dentro del acuífero. Pueden localizarse zonas y límites con esfuerzos tensionales usando el mismo enfoque aplicado a acuíferos confinados para evaluación de riesgo de generación de fracturas en el terreno.

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Characterizing groundwater flow in a faulted karst system using optical brighteners from septic systems as tracers     

K. E. Murray  D. R. Straud  W. W. Hammond 《Environmental Geology》2007,53(4):769-776

This study used optical brighteners (OB) released from septic systems to show that groundwater flow direction is largely controlled by the structural framework in a faulted karst groundwater system. Effective protection of groundwater resources requires that groundwater systems are adequately characterized and source water protection areas (SWPA) are developed for drinking water wells. Karst aquifers are among the most sensitive to contamination due to high recharge rates, and among the most difficult aquifers to characterize due to heterogeneity, and anisotropy. Because septic systems may be used to treat wastewater within SWPAs for karst aquifers there is a need to characterize these groundwater systems using tracers. The objective of this study was to characterize groundwater flow in a faulted portion of the Edwards aquifer in Bexar County, Texas using OB that are released as incidental tracers from septic systems. This study included measurement of water levels, sampling of groundwater and surface water, analysis for OB, and spatial analysis in a GIS. Results show that OB intensities were highest to the southwest of the septic area, a direction that is sub-parallel to the fault and fracture orientation and nearly perpendicular to the hydraulic gradient. This indicates that movement of OB, solutes, or non-aqueous liquids/solids in a faulted karst system can be largely controlled by fault/fracture orientation and structural relay ramps.  相似文献   

How can the epikarst zone influence the karst aquifer hydraulic behaviour?   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Branka Trček 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):761-765

The role of an epikarst zone in the karst aquifer hydraulic behaviour was brought into focus in our studies referring to the catchment area of the Hubelj spring (SW Slovenia). This study points out the significance of effects of the fast preferential flow—epiflow, which is the main factor controlling solute/contaminant transport towards the aquifer saturated zone. The so-called epikarstic hypothesis is verified on the basis of the most significant research results that are supported by the most important findings from the literature.  相似文献   

地下水化学动力学基本理论在矿井水文地质中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄皓莉  侯玉新 《中国煤田地质》2002,14(2):37-40

根据西峪煤矿水化学及相关水文地质资料,运用地下水化学动力学的基本理论和方法,对西峪煤矿奥陶系峰峰组岩溶含水层水文地质条件进行了定量评价,从而划分出了含水层的强、弱径流带,为煤矿的安全生产提供了依据。  相似文献   

双重介质含水层中井水位潮汐相位滞后现象的理论分析          下载免费PDF全文

王六桥  李善因 《地震学报》2001,23(5):530-535

简略地介绍了双重介质含水层模型；推导出引潮力作用下双重介质含水层中渗流运动的偏微分方程；将此泛定的方程与潜水的Boulton方程进行数学类比，从而得出一个新的迟后给水项，为解释固体潮致井水位振荡相位滞后现象奠定了物理基础；通过对该泛定方程的分析，还发现该迟后给水项与深部含水层中存在的一种潮汐液流振荡现象有关．   相似文献