全球过去千年典型暖期温度空间格局重建   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

史锋  杨保  赵森  杨凤梅 《第四纪研究》2014,34(6)

利用过去两千年全球变化研究网络(PAGES 2k network)最新公布的501条代用记录,重建了全球过去千年全年平均温度空间格局的演化特征,对比分析了中世纪暖期及其最暖100年与20世纪现代暖期、中世纪暖期和小冰期最暖30年与20世纪最近30年的年平均温度空间模态异同.结果显示,在世纪尺度上,现代暖期与历史上中世纪暖期的温度异常空间格局大致相同,变化幅度也在大部分区域相当,但从年代际尺度上,最近30年的升温比过去千年中世纪暖期和小冰期两个典型时期都明显.值得一提的是北大西洋中高纬度海温变化与上述特征并不相同,在年代际和世纪尺度上小冰期和中世纪暖期海温均高于20世纪.可能原因是大西洋经圈翻转环流在中世纪暖期、小冰期和20世纪现代暖期等3个特征时段对太阳辐射、火山活动和温室气体等外强迫的响应不同.  相似文献   

典权在农村土地经营权流转中的扬弃——民法典编撰过程中“典权要入典”     

李显冬  倪淑颖 《国土资源情报》2014,(10):25-31

引导农村土地经营权有序流转、发展农业适度规模经营是当前我国土地工作之重心.而实现所有权、承包权、经营权三权分置,自需研究和探索集体所有权、农户承包权、土地经营权在土地流转中的相互权利关系,特别是其具体实现形式.传统典权制度作为一种切实可行的制度构建模式,其既能够解决公有制条件下私权主体进入土地市场的难题,又能够赋予农民在农村土地集体所有权基础上更好获得土地经营权流转收益的权利.考虑到典权制度在农村土地流转、城镇保障住房建设等问题上的独特作用,未来我国在编撰民法典的时候,自应将作为本土法律资源的传统典权正式纳入我国的物权法律规范的体系之中.  相似文献   

44 years hindcast of sea level in the Atlantic Coast of Europe     

P. Sebastião  C. Guedes Soares  E. Alvarez 《Coastal Engineering》2008

The sea level of Northeast Atlantic Ocean is calculated for the period between 1958 and 2001 using a state-of-the-art barotropic model with a grid size of 10′ × 15′ (long × lat). The model includes astronomic effects, considering seven components of the tide, and the meteorological effects of wind and atmospheric pressure, allowing obtaining the astronomic tide, the atmospheric residuals and the non-linear addition of both components of sea level.  相似文献   

Flow fields around tandem and staggered piers on a mobile bed     

《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(6):737-753

An experimental investigation on flow fields within the scour holes upstream and downstream of circular piers positioned in tandem and staggered arrangements is reported and compared with isolated piers on mobile beds with uniform sediment. The instantaneous bed elevations and instantaneous three dimensional (3D) velocities were measured using a 5 MHz Ultrasonic Ranging system and 16 MHz micro down looking acoustic Doppler velocimeter, respectively. The velocity and flow depth were measured at different locations under near equilibrium bed scour conditions. The measured 3D velocities were processed for the computation of flow parameters, such as velocity fields, streamline patterns, vorticity fields, and circulation. Furthermore, turbulence intensities, turbulent kinetic energy, Reynolds shear stresses, and bed shear stresses around the piers for all three pier configurations were computed from the detrended velocity signals to identify significant differences in the flow parameters and turbulence in the tandem and staggered pier arrangements as compared to those for an isolated pier. A recirculation zone was found near the bed in front of the rear pier in the tandem case from the streamline patterns. The vortices in the bi-vortex system were observed to be opposite to each other in the gap between the three piers in the staggered case. A strong secondary vortex also was observed apart from the primary vortex at the foot of the pier (θ = 0°) in all the three configurations. The strength of the horseshoe vortex (combination of primary and secondary vortices) was found to be higher at the front piers of the staggered arrangement as compared to those of the tandem piers, followed by the isolated pier. The bed shear stresses were found to be higher for the staggered piers than for the tandem piers in the direction of flow (θ = 0°). However, a 50% reduction in the bed shear stresses was observed behind the tandem piers at θ = 180°. The study reported in this paper provides the foundation for further investigation of countermeasures against local scour around tandem and staggered bridge piers on a mobile bed with non-uniform sediment.  相似文献   

Experimental investigation of hydrate formation in water-dominated pipeline and its influential factors     

Li Huang  Jia-le Kang  Xiao-dong Shen  Jian-ye Sun  Qing-guo Meng  Qiang Chen  Gao-wei Hu  Chang-ling Liu  Neng-you Wu 《China Geology》2022,5(2):310-321

Blockage in water-dominated flow pipelines due to hydrate reformation has been suggested as a potential safety issue during the hydrate production. In this work, flow velocity-dependent hydrate formation features are investigated in a fluid circulation system with a total length of 39 m. A 9-m section pipe is transparent consisted of two complete rectangular loops. By means of pressurization with gas-saturated water, the system can gradually reach the equilibrium conditions. The result shows that the hydrates are delayed to appear as floccules or thin films covering the methane bubbles. When the circulation velocity is below 750 rpm, hydrate is finally deposited as a “hydrate bed” at upmost of inner wall, narrowing the flow channel of the pipeline. Nevertheless, no plugging is observed during all the experimental runs. The five stages of hydrate deposition are proposed based on the experimental results. It is also revealed that a higher driving pressure is needed at a lower flow rate. The driving force of hydrate formation from gas and water obtained by melting hydrate is higher than that from fresh water with no previous hydrate history. The authors hope that this work will be beneficial for the flow assurance of the following oceanic field hydrate recovery trials.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Indication of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes on the characteristics and circulation patterns of medium-low temperature geothermal resources in the Guanzhong Basin,China          下载免费PDF全文

Feng Ma  Gui-ling Wang  Hong-li Sun  Zhan-xue Sun 《地下水科学与工程》2022,10(1):70-86

Guanzhong Basin is a typical medium-low temperature geothermal field mainly controlled by geo-pressure in the west of China.The characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes were used to analyze the flow and storage modes of geothermal resources in the basin.In this paper,the basin was divided into six geotectonic units,where a total of 121 samples were collected from geothermal wells and surface water bodies for the analysis of hydrogen-oxygen isotopes.Analytical results show that the isotopic signatures of hydrogen and oxygen throughout Guanzhong Basin reveal a trend of gradual increase from the basin edge areas to the basin center.In terms of recharge systems,the area in the south edge belongs to the geothermal system of Qinling Mountain piedmont,while to the north of Weihe fault is the geothermal system of North mountain piedmont,where the atmospheric temperature is about 0.2℃-1.8℃in the recharge areas.The main factors that affect the geothermal waterδ18O drifting include the depth of geothermal reservoir and temperature of geothermal reservoir,lithological characteristics,water-rock interaction,geothermal reservoir environment and residence time.Theδ18O-δD relation shows that the main source is the meteoric water,together with some sedimentary water,but there are no deep magmatic water and mantle water which recharge the geothermal water in the basin.Through examining the distribution pattern of hydrogen-oxygen isotopic signatures,the groundwater circulation model of this basin can be divided into open circulation type,semi-open type,closed type and sedimentary type.This provides some important information for rational exploitation of the geothermal resources.  相似文献   

台风艾云尼非对称降水及动热力结构演变特征分析     

周芯玉  程正泉  涂静  肖婷  高晓荣  胡东明 《气象学报》2020,78(6):899-913

台风艾云尼（1804号）第2次登陆广东过程中降水表现出显著的非对称分布,强降水主要位于其路径前进方向的右侧（简称台风右侧）。利用欧洲中期天气预报中心ERA5再分析资料、广东风廓线雷达观测资料以及降水观测资料,对造成非对称降水的环流背景和动力、热力结构演变特征进行了分析。结果表明:艾云尼左右两侧水汽输送及动力、热力条件差异是造成降水非对称的主要原因。加强的低空急流以及台风马力斯（1805号）水汽的输送为台风右侧强降水的产生提供了更好的水汽背景,而低空急流的加强配合高空强的辐散抽吸使得右侧垂直上升运动也明显大于左侧。边界层内强盛的低空急流以及珠江三角洲地区下垫面强摩擦辐合作用导致艾云尼右前侧径向入流强度更强、强入流层厚度更厚、边界层高度更高,且由于距离台风眼墙越近风速越大,上述现象越明显,为强降水的产生提供的动力和水汽条件越好。强降水期间艾云尼右侧低层大气维持不稳定状态,分析表明强低空急流携带的θ_se平流及其随高度的减弱弥补了强降水造成的能量损耗,是不稳定能量维持的重要原因。   相似文献   

中高纬环流因子与黑龙江省初夏气候异常分析     

张健  李永生 《气象与环境学报》2013,29(6):63-67

利用1954-2010年地面气温、降水观测资料和月环流特征量、NCEP高度场再分析资料等,采用常规气候统计方法,分析了黑龙江省初夏6月气温、降水的气候特点,通过初夏6月气温、降水与北半球500 hPa高度场相关分析,建立起与中高纬度环流因子关系。结果表明：黑龙江省初夏气候异常与中高纬度环流异常有关,影响初夏气候异常的中高纬度环流因子主要有亚洲纬向环流指数,阿留申低压指数,亚洲区极涡面积指数,鄂霍次克海的阻塞高压指数等。在此基础上分析大气及中高纬度环流因子的背景,考虑外强迫因子海温的间接作用,掌握中高纬度环流因子的变化,是准确预测黑龙江省初夏气候的关键前提所在。  相似文献   

东亚-太平洋地区环流场和热力场由冬向夏转换的过程特征及其可能机制   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

池艳珍  刘丹妮  何金海  祁莉 《高原气象》2013,32(4)

利用NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料和青藏高原逐日视热源资料,分析了东亚 太平洋地区对流层热力场和环流场的季节特征.结果表明,东亚-太平洋热力场上呈现出冬、夏半年反向的特征,冬半年热力格局为“西冷东暖”,夏半年则转为“西暖东冷”,冬半年向夏半年的过渡发生在3月底4月初,相应地,我国东部上空视热源也从冷却转为加热.热力场季节转换的同时,对流层各层环流形势也发生了调整:低层大陆冷高压减弱、东移,太平洋副热带高压显著西伸,形成东亚-西太平洋35°N以南一致的南风区;中层西风带发生了长波调整,由冬季“三槽型”向夏季“四槽型”过渡,西风急流减弱、北移;高层反气旋中心史替,我国上空偏南风由偏北风替代.环流的演变自低层向高层推进,下垫面感热加热的季节变化引起了低层环流的调整以及上升运动的发展,与上升运动相伴的凝结潜热释放则增强了东亚上空的热源,进一步加强了“西暖东冷”的热力格局,从而推进中高层环流的演变.环流调整的时间与东亚副热带季风雨带建立的时间一致,因此,由热力场季节变化引起的对流层环流形势的调整可看成是东亚副热带夏季风环流型的建立过程.  相似文献   

夏季索马里越赤道气流垂直结构的变化特征及其与东亚夏季风活动的关系   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

邱金晶  孙照渤 《大气科学》2013,37(5):1129-1142

采用NCEP/NCAR和ERA40再分析月平均资料,对比分析夏季垂直尺度上五层(1000 hPa、925 hPa、850 hPa、700 hPa、600 hPa)索马里越赤道气流(SMJ)的时空演变特征。指出对流层中低层SMJ存在不同的垂直结构,且具有年际、年代际变化特征。夏季SMJ垂直结构主要呈现出全区一致、上下反相两种分布型(“A”型和“B”型),细分为一致增强型(“A+”型)、一致减弱型(“A-”型)、上弱下强型(“B+”型)和上强下弱型(“B-”型)。进一步分析指出,SMJ垂直结构与东亚夏季风活动关系密切,SMJ“A+”(“A-”)型垂直结构对应东亚夏季风偏强(弱),我国内蒙古东部、华北地区降水偏多(少);夏季SMJ“B+”(“B-”)型垂直结构对应东亚夏季风偏弱(强),我国江南、日本地区降水偏少(多)。  相似文献