Variations and trends of the freezing and thaw- ing index along the Qinghai-Xizang Railway for 1966?2004   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JIANG Fengqing  HU Ruji  LI Zhen 《地理学报》2008,18(1):3-16

Annual freezing and thawing index of 7 meteorological stations along the Qing-hai-Xizang Railway were calculated based on daily maximum and minimum temperature records for 1966?2004. Trends of annual freezing and thawing index were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and a simple linear regression method. The results show that: 1) The mean annual freezing indices range from 95 to 2300℃·d and the mean annual thawing indi-ces range from 630 to 3250℃·d. The mean annual freezing index of the 7 stations exhibited decreasing trends with decreasing rate of ?16.6– ?59.1℃·d /10a. The mean annual thawing index of these 7 stations showed increasing trends with the related decreasing rate is 19.83–45.6℃·d /10a. 2) The MK trend test indicated the significant decreasing trends (sig-nificant at < 0.05 significant level) in the annual freezing index for most stations except for Golmud. The significant increasing trends can be observed in the annual thawing index for 4 stations except Golmud and Tuotuohe. Golmud was the only station with no trends in both annual freezing and annual thawing index.  相似文献   

青藏铁路沿线阻沙栅栏防护机理及其效应分析   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

张克存  屈建军  牛清河  姚正毅  韩庆杰 《中国沙漠》2011,31(1):16-20

对青藏铁路沿线阻沙栅栏的流场结构、阻沙效率进行风洞模拟实验,对沱沱河路段阻沙栅栏的野外积沙形态进行观测。结果显示,气流经过栅栏时有遇阻抬升、集流加速、减速沉降区和消散恢复区。在越过栅栏后形成两个减速恢复区和两个加速区,减速区分别距地表3 cm和20 cm处,加速区分别位于近地表和35 cm高度处。随来流风速的增加,栅栏前加速区起始范围向栅栏逼近,而栅栏后恢复区起点向远离栅栏方向发展。当气流越过栅栏后风速急剧降低,导致沙粒减速沉降。随进口风速的增加,栅栏间阻沙量和越过栅栏后输出沙量呈指数关系递增。铁路沿线采用的栅栏阻沙效率达80%以上,且随风速的增加呈线性关系递减。沱沱河路段阻沙栅栏西南侧以风蚀为主,最大风蚀深度达16\^7 cm,其余区域表现为积沙,最大积沙厚度达19\^9 cm。  相似文献   

Progress of Research on Wind-blown Sand Prevention and Control of Railways in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kecun Zhang  Jianjun Qu  Yanping Yu  Qingjie Han  Tao Wang  Zhishan An  Fei Hu 《地球科学进展》2019,34(6):573-583

Based on the development of railways in desert areas of China, the types, characteristics, schemes, measures and technical systems of wind-sand disaster prevention and control were systematically analyzed in this paper. In view of the regional characteristics of sandy areas and the genres of railway sand damage in China, the results achieved and problems faced of wind-sand hazard and prevention technology in quicksand surface, plateau cold region and Gobi gale area were discussed as a case study. Combined with the expanding trend of railways in desert zone in China at present, starting from the theoretical research and the practice of sand control in engineering, it was proposed that the railway sand harm of complicated terrain and special environment is the key research direction in the field of wind-sand engineering in the future, which is also the crucial and difficult point in the protection and control of railway sand hazard in sandy zones.  相似文献   

大瑞铁路保山至瑞丽段及邻区地壳稳定性定量评价     

郭长宝  张永双  屈科  熊探宇  付晓晓  杜宇本 《地质力学学报》2014,20(1):70-81

大瑞铁路地处印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞带附近,地质构造条件复杂,活动断裂、高地应力、高地温、深埋隧道岩爆、软岩大变形等与地壳稳定性相关的地质问题严重制约着铁路工程规划建设。通过对大瑞铁路保山—瑞丽段及邻区地质背景、新构造活动、地壳隆升速率、潜在震源区、构造应力场、岩土体工程地质特征、地质灾害特征等因子分析,采用基于GIS的层次分析法,按照稳定、较稳定、较不稳定和不稳定4个等级,对大瑞铁路保山至瑞丽段及邻区的地壳稳定性进行了综合评价,将其划分为88个区;推荐线路C12K方案穿越19个地壳稳定性分区,其中不稳定分区占全线长度的9.79%,较不稳定分区占46.70%,较稳定分区占36.70%,稳定分区占6.81%。地壳稳定性评价结果对于指导铁路规划建设和线路优化具有重要的意义。   相似文献   

气候变化背景下青藏铁路沿线多年冻土变化特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘明浩  孙志忠  牛富俊  武贵龙  贠汉伯 《冰川冻土》2014,36(5):1122-1130

多年冻土是复杂地气系统的产物, 以升温为特征的气候变化不可避免地对其产生影响. 基于青藏铁路沿线8个天然场地2006-2011年的地温监测资料, 分析了气候变化背景下, 多年冻土升温特征及上限变化规律, 并对低、高温冻土的变化特征进行了对比分析. 结果表明: 2006-2011年监测期间, 铁路沿线多年冻土正在经历明显的升温趋势, 上限附近和15 m深处平均升温率分别为0.015 ℃·a^-1和0.018 ℃·a^-1, 其中, 低温冻土区在上述两个深度处升温均比高温冻土区显著; 多年冻土上限深度也表现出一定的增深趋势, 平均增深速率为4.7 cm·a^-1, 其中, 高温冻土区增深速率大于低温冻土区. 低、高温冻土对气候变化的响应表现出了较大差异. 同时, 受局地因素的影响, 不同区域在升温和上限增深上也存在一定差异.  相似文献   

Experimental analysis of track-ground vibrations on a stretch of the Portuguese railway network     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2016

This paper presents a comprehensive experimental campaign developed on a stretch of the Portuguese railway network. The experimental work includes three fundamental and complementary components: the characterization of the ground, the characterization of the track and the measurement of the vibrations generated by railway traffic. The characterization of the ground was performed using a combination of conventional and geophysical tests (cross-hole and SASW). The mechanical characterization of the track was performed through receptance tests and the rail unevenness profile was accurately measured. The vibrations due to the passage of more than 20 trains were measured. First, a selection of the results is presented and analysed in detail; later, the variability of the responses is briefly discussed. The presented data may be used by other researchers (e.g. in the validation of their prediction models), since it can be downloaded from www.fe.up.pt/~csf/DataCarregado.zip.  相似文献   

青海柴木铁路多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果的模糊评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹伟  陈继  张波  吴吉春  李静  盛煜 《冰川冻土》2015,37(6):1555-1562

为综合评价多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果, 以青海柴木铁路为例, 通过分析筛选多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果评价因子, 给出各评价指标的层次结构, 建立综合评价模型, 确定工程效果评价分级标准与评价因子权重, 采用模糊数学方法对柴木铁路多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果进行评价, 评价结果显示: 柴木铁路多年冻土地区片石路基工程效果评价结果为较好状态的占86.1%, 处于一般状态的比例为7.5%, 处于较差状态的为6.4%, 没有处于良好状态的路段. 结合试验断面测温资料, 采用模糊方法的评价结果与野外实际观测结果基本相符, 说明此方法可运用于多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果评价中.  相似文献   

大瑞铁路澜沧江大桥工程边坡稳定性三维数值模拟分析   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

杜宇本  郑光  蒋良文  许强 《地质力学学报》2010,16(1):108-114

采用现场调查、工程地质分析和三维数值模拟方法,对在建大瑞铁路工程澜沧江大桥边坡稳定性进行了综合分析研究。澜沧江大桥是在建大瑞铁路的控制性工程之一,由于多种因素的综合作用,桥址岸坡发育延伸较长的顺坡向节理和近垂直的陡倾节理。右岸桥位工程开挖区位于一组较大型顺坡结构面的下方,岸坡稳定性直接关系到桥位的适宜性。综合研究表明,工程开挖后,右岸桥位上部岩体极易在顺坡向结构面的控制下发生滑移–拉裂式破坏,沿外倾结构面产生较大的位移,甚至可能失稳,需要进行专门的工程治理。左岸边坡岩体结构相对稳定,工程开挖后,位移将主要集中在开挖面附近的浅表层部位,不仅变形较小,影响范围也相对较小。   相似文献   

川藏铁路加查—朗县段地质灾害发育特征研究     

吴瑞安  郭长宝  杜宇本  王珂  杜国梁 《现代地质》2017,31(5):956

川藏铁路加查至朗县段位于青藏高原东南部雅鲁藏布江中游,地形地貌复杂、构造活动强烈,是我国地质灾害高易发区,崩塌、滑坡和泥石流等地质灾害发育密度大、危害严重。在资料收集和遥感解译的基础上,对川藏铁路加查—朗县段的地质灾害进行野外调查,在铁路线两侧各5 km约780 km2范围内发现了崩塌、滑坡和泥石流共139处,沿雅鲁藏布江断裂带新发现拉岗村高速远程滑坡和日阿莫大型滑坡,并研究了该区地质灾害的发育特征和形成机理。调查结果表明：在雅鲁藏布江断裂对区域地貌和岩体结构控制作用下,崩塌、滑坡等地质灾害沿断裂带呈带状密集分布是该区地质灾害发育分布的主要特征之一,约有53%的崩塌滑坡滑动方向垂直于断裂走向,30%的崩塌滑坡与断裂带走向近于平行;在地壳强烈隆升和河流侵蚀作用下,雅鲁藏布江宽谷段和峡谷段的地质灾害发育特征具有明显差异;断裂活动特别是断裂剧烈活动诱发地震导致该区具有高速远程滑坡发生的背景,如拉岗村高速远程滑坡;在断裂活动、降雨、人类工程活动等内外动力耦合作用下该区地质灾害形成机理更加复杂,部分滑坡稳定性差且多次发生活动,给该区重大工程规划建设和防灾减灾造成重要影响。  相似文献   

Evaluation of track stiffness with a vibrator for prediction of train-induced displacement on railway embankments     

Christoffer With  Anders Bodare 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

A measuring car, the rolling stiffness measuring vehicle (RSMV), has been developed to investigate track conditions. The investigation described in this paper firstly attempts to understand whether the point flexibility of the track, i.e., the track-embankment-subsoil system, can be obtained by simultaneously measuring the force applied to an axle of the measuring car and the resulting acceleration response. Secondly, it attempts to determine the physical properties of the track by modelling it as a Bernoulli–Euler beam on a Kelvin foundation. The final part of the paper investigates the possibility of predicting displacements on a railway embankment based on the physical properties obtained after a train passage. Results from two sites in Sweden, Kumla and Kåhög, have been used. Investigations give encouraging results. However, as seen here, it can be difficult to analyse and obtain parameters if the resonance frequency of the system is low. The peak particle displacement of the ballast on the railway embankment was achieved with fair accuracy for both Kumla and Kåhög using the results from the accelerometer on the RSMV.  相似文献