龙虎山丹霞地貌特征对道教文化传承之影响     

李志文  郭福生  孙丽  张文秀 《热带地理》2012,32(6):647-651,657

在野外考察并总结前人成果的基础上,探讨了龙虎山丹霞地貌及其组合与道教文化传承的内在关系,结果显示：丹霞地貌宏观上“色渥如丹、灿若明霞”的颜色契合了道教崇尚紫色与红色的文化心理,碧水丹山“圆、柔、平、静”的组合形态符合道教天人合一、崇尚自然的思想理念;微观上枕山面水、俯临平原、左右丹山环卫的地貌组合特征符合道教“枕山环水面屏、气聚风藏”的风水理论;造型精美、形态逼真且种类丰富的微地貌为道教传说提供了丰富的自然原型。这些独特地貌及其组合使道教在龙虎山传承逾1 900 a,创造和传承了内涵丰富、底蕴深厚、影响深远的道教文化。  相似文献   

Contrasting geomorphic response to structural control: The Loughros estuaries, northwest Ireland     

Helene Burningham   《Geomorphology》2008,97(3-4):300-320

Sediment-rich estuaries typically exhibit considerable dynamicity, with channel shifts and shoreline erosion/deposition occurring over timescales of years to decades. Contemporary behaviour is usually attributed to the immediate effect of short-term events (such as storms), longer-term forcing (such as sea-level change) or anthropogenic modifications to system controls (such as wave–tidal–fluvial regime and sediment supply). In this context, geological control is understood to provide an inherited framework within which an estuary will evolve. This paper examines the morphodynamics of two sand-filled, but sediment-limited, mixed-energy estuaries of Loughros Bay in northwest Ireland. Analysis of ebb channel morphometry shows that estuaries can be divided into upper and lower estuary components, which appear to represent a down-valley increasing energy gradient. Examination of historical ebb channel migration reveals three morphodynamic zones delimited by a significant spatial variability in channel mobility that reflects the distribution of specific structural controls along the estuary and their influence on the changing energy gradient. Based upon analysis of low tide channel migration over the last 172 years, three phases of geomorphic response are identified. In Loughros More, the behaviour is characterised by a 19th century phase of steady-state equilibrium; a subsequent period of dynamic response to extrinsic (storm) forcing; and, most recently, adjustment to intrinsically forced changes in structural control. In Loughros Beg, the phases are comparable, but contrast specifically in inlet and ebb-tidal behaviour. This analysis illustrates discontinuities in decadal- to century-scale forcing and morphological response, identified here as complex response. It suggests that the sedimentary evolution of coastal systems that have no appreciable external sediment supply is potentially more strongly determined by local variability in system character than climate or sea-level driven mechanisms.  相似文献   

Development and decay of a lithalsa in Northern Québec: A geomorphological history     

Fabrice Calmels  Michel Allard  Georg Delisle 《Geomorphology》2008,97(3-4):287-299

The complete life cycle of a permafrost mound is reconstructed from its growth until its degradation. The study site is a lithalsa, which is the subject of a long-term monitoring that includes geocryological observations, measurements of permafrost properties on cores, ground temperature measurements, and observations of landform changes. The landform likely grew as a palsa under cold climatic conditions in the past. The peat cover was subsequently eroded. Early stages of degradation are witnessed since 2003 as a new thermokarst pond is starting to form though mound collapse. Settlement of the structure has been observed, and a rim ridge has begun to form. Ultimately, the lithalsa shall disappear and be replaced by a circular thermokarst pond surrounded by a rampart, similar to many other ones in the study area. The monitoring of the thermal regime of the lithalsa illustrates the pattern of internal warming and points to the causes of its degradation.  相似文献   

Landform classification from a digital elevation model and satellite imagery   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Hossein Saadat  Robert Bonnell  Forood Sharifi  Guy Mehuys  Mohammad Namdar  Sasan Ale-Ebrahim 《Geomorphology》2008,100(3-4):453-464

The Iranian Soil and Water Research Institute has been involved in mapping the soils of Iran and classifying landforms for the last 60 years. However, the accuracy of traditional landform maps is very low (about 55%). To date, aerial photographs and topographic maps have been used for landform classification studies. The principal objective of this research is to propose a quantitative approach for landform classification based on a 10-m resolution digital elevation model (DEM) and some use of an Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) image. In order to extract and identify the various landforms, slope, elevation range, and stream network pattern were used as basic identifying parameters. These are extractable from a DEM. Further, ASTER images were required to identify the general outline shape of a landform type and the presence or absence of gravel. This study encompassed a relatively large watershed of 451 183 ha with a total elevation difference of 2445 m and a variety of landforms from flat River Alluvial Plains to steep mountains. Classification accuracy ranged from 91.8 to 99.6% with an average of 96.7% based upon extensive ground-truthing. Since similar digital and ASTER image information is available for Iran, an accurate landform map can now be produced for the whole country. The main advantages of this approach are accuracy, lower demands on time and funds for field work and ready availability of required data for many regions of the world.  相似文献   

龙虎山世界地质公园丹霞地貌特征及与国内其他丹霞地貌的对比   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

姜勇彪  郭福生  胡中华  孙传敏  刘林清  黄宝华 《山地学报》2009,27(3)

江西龙虎山世界地质公园丹霞地貌景观发育于信江盆地中生代红层中,以发育老年早期孤峰、峰林、残丘类地貌景观为特征,是我国丹霞地貌发育最好的地区之一。断裂切割、岩性差异、流水侵蚀和重力崩塌作用,是造成丹霞地貌景观差异的主要原因,同时由于所处盆地内位置、出露的红层性质以及构造发育特征的不同,也影响地貌发育的特色。目前国内所发现的丹霞地貌主要分布于东南、西南和西北地区。由于它们所处的大地构造位置、地壳活动特征、自然地理条件的不同,丹霞地貌的成因机制也不相同。阐述了龙虎山世界地质公园丹霞地貌景观类型及其特色,并着重研究丹霞地貌景观的成因机制,以及与其他地质公园、遗产地进行比较研究。  相似文献   

浙江江郎山丹霞地貌发育的年代与成因   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

朱诚  彭华  李中轩  俞锦标  李兰  张广胜  朱光耀  欧阳杰  钟宜顺  朱青  周书勤  郑朝贵  周日良  李东  朱雨鸣  吕文  武弘麟 《地理学报》2009,64(1)

江郎山位于华南褶皱系、江山-绍兴深断裂和保安-峡口-张村断裂带之间.白垩纪早期这两大断裂的拉张断陷导致峡口盆地的形成,随之主要有下白垩统永康群馆头组(K1g)、朝川组(K1c)和方岩组(K1f)在盆地中的沉积.白垩纪晚期上述两大断裂发生强烈挤压活动,峡口盆地逐渐隆升.新生代以来,峡口盆地在构造抬升中,产生大量张断裂和节理,加速了对岩体的切割,以及岩体被切割后的崩塌,导致了丹霞地貌的发育.江郎山丹霞地貌申报世界自然遗产的主要依据是其特有的壮观而独特的老年期孤峰-巷谷以及生动而逼真的象形石丹霞地貌特征、独特的地台活化现象与重要的岩石学科学研究意义以及该区特有的重要事件地层学和古生物学研究的科学意义.本文根据对江郎山亚峰垂直贯穿于丹霞地貌岩层永康群中辉绿岩脉标本K-Ar法的测年,揭示了当地峡口红层盆地抬升的时代为晚白垩世77.89±2.6Ma BP(K2),这也是我国目前丹霞地貌研究中所测得的可靠年代学数据.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地北部深埋区“地貌—沉积”控水关键要素研究     

杨建  刘基  黄浩  梁向阳 《地球科学进展》2019,(5):523-530

鄂尔多斯盆地北部深埋煤田区地表主要有沙漠、基岩台地和黄土沟壑等地貌类型,沙漠区工作面涌水量比其他地貌区大1~2个数量级。为了查清煤层顶板直接充水含水层补给水源、导水通道和充水强度的控制要素,从地形地貌和地质沉积方面开展了研究,结果表明:沙漠地貌地势平缓,降水入渗系数大,第四系厚度大、富水性强,为下伏含水层提供了丰富的补给水源;基岩台地和黄土沟壑地貌,地形起伏大,降水入渗系数极小,浅部地层富水性极弱,是下伏含水层补给能力较弱的水源。陆相沉积形成的砂泥岩互层结构,不存在区域性稳定隔水层,各层段均属于弱-中等富水性含水层,3个矿井的白垩系含水层水位下降了20~130 m,证明浅部与深部含水层存在较密切的水力联系。煤层顶板主要发育七里镇砂岩和真武洞砂岩含水层,为厚度较大的中粗砂岩段,直接充水含水层地质沉积条件相似,但是沙漠区工作面顶板钻孔水量、累计预疏放水量和采空区涌水量均远大于其他地貌区,直接充水含水层富水性主要受地貌控制,深部含水层的水源为大气降水和第四系含水层。沙漠地貌区的不同矿井,工作面顶板钻孔水量、累计预疏放水量、采空区涌水量也存在较大差异,该差异与直接充水含水层厚度和岩性等有关,反映了地质沉积条件也是控制含水层富水性的重要因素。地形地貌和地质沉积是控制直接充水含水层富水性和工作面涌水量的关键要素。  相似文献   

江西龙虎山地区红层沉积相分析及与丹霞地貌发育关系研究——以仙人城景区为例     

李文灏  陈留勤  郭福生  李鹏程  王宇佳  李馨敏 《地质力学学报》2018,24(4):522-532

江西龙虎山地区以发育老年期丹霞地貌为特色,其成景地层为晚白垩世河口组红层,目前对这套红层的沉积相认识程度还比较低。龙虎山仙人城景区河口组出露厚度达百余米,沉积构造发育,且人工开凿的台阶可以直达山顶,这为沉积相分析提供了便利条件。根据野外露头岩性组成、沉积构造等特点,识别出6种岩相单元:无沉积构造砾岩、正粒序层理砾岩、逆粒序层理砾岩、平行层理砾岩、含砾砂岩、古土壤。砾石统计结果表明,砾石粒径范围主要为3~4 cm,最大可达12.5 cm,成分以紫红色凝灰岩为主,砂岩、花岗岩和石英次之、变质岩（主要是片岩）较少,磨圆度主要为次棱角状,其次为棱角状。在显微镜下,砂岩碎屑颗粒主要呈棱角-次棱角状,分选性较差,粒径为0.05~2.00 mm,主要由石英、长石和岩屑组成,总体具有结构和成分成熟度中等偏低的特点。野外露头宏观和室内显微分析结果表明,仙人城丹霞地貌的成景地层为河流主导的冲积扇沉积体系的产物。在龙虎山地区,丹霞地貌的空间分布与盆地冲积扇沉积相的平面展布具有较好的一致性,盆地边缘冲积扇成因的厚层砾岩为后期丹霞地貌的形成和演化提供了物质基础。   相似文献   

以综合思维引领丹霞地貌与旅游地理研究创新——彭华先生的地理学思想与学术贡献     

翁时秀  闫罗彬  王华 《地理研究》2018,37(12):2411-2419

彭华先生长期从事丹霞地貌和旅游地理研究,为中国丹霞事业和旅游发展做出了突出贡献,是“把论文写在祖国大地上”的科学家的典范。作为中国丹霞地貌研究国际化阶段的代表人物,彭华先生在丹霞地貌分类系统、丹霞地貌发育过程、国内外红层分布及其地貌发育的对比等方面开展了系列研究,同时,针对中国南方湿润环境下红层区严重的地貌灾害和荒漠化问题,用跨学科的思维和方法,开展了红层区地质构造—岩石特性—地貌发育—自然灾害—水土流失—生态退化—综合景观—社会经济发展之间相互关系的综合地理学研究实践,将原来的红层地表研究拓展为“地下+地表+地上”（红层的地质问题+地貌与土地问题+生态问题）的一体化研究,为丹霞地貌的未来研究指明了方向。彭华先生在旅游开发实践中不断总结新思想、新方法和新理论,在旅游地开发、旅游文化、城市旅游、区域旅游发展和旅游规划理论研究方面取得了大量成果,所提出的“大旅游”理念在学界有重要影响。在“大旅游”理念基础上提出的旅游系统及动力机制、旅游地发展阶段论、旅游开发与城市建设一体化、市场分类研究法、产品—需求对应分析法等理论,创新意义显著。彭华先生的学术研究典型体现了地理学的综合性思维和系统性思维。  相似文献   

广东南雄盆地的"南雄层"和"丹霞层"   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

李佩贤  程政武  张志军  方晓思 《地球学报》2007,28(2):181-189

本文沿用263地质队资料,将南雄红层底部出现的第Ⅰ沉积旋回划为松山组;重新厘定了南雄群的含义,阐明其间各岩石地层单位顶、底界线标志;沿用罗佛寨群;指出不必用丹霞群(组)表示南雄盆地边缘相的粗碎屑岩层,并认为丹霞盆地的丹霞组相当于南雄盆地的园圃组下段,建议南雄盆地弃用丹霞群(组)一名.在此基础上提出,粤北地区白垩系-古近系岩石地层序列是由松山组,南雄群(园圃组、主田组、浈水组),罗佛寨群(上湖组、浓山组、古城村组)组成.  相似文献