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61.
Carboniferous Post-collisional Rift Volcanism of the Tianshan Mountains, Northwestern China 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
The Tianshan Carboniferous post-collisional rift volcanic rocks occur in northwestern China as a large igneous province. Based on petrogeochemical data, the Tianshan Carboniferous post-collisional rift basic lavas can be classified into two major magma types: (1) the low-Ti/Y type situated in the eastern-central Tianshan area, which exhibits low Ti/Y (<500), Ce/Yb (<15) and SiO2 (43-55%), and relatively high Fe2O3T (6.4-11.5%); (2) the high-Ti/Y type situated in the western Tianshan area, which has high Ti/Y (>500), Ce/Yb (>11) and SiO2 (49-55%), and relatively low Fe2O3T (5.8-7.8%). Elemental data suggest that chemical variations of the low-Ti/Y and high-Ti/Y lavas cannot be explained by fractional crystallization from a common parental magma. The Tianshan Carboniferous basic lavas originated most likely from an OIB-like asthenospheric mantle source (87Sr/86Sr(t) ≈ 0.703-0.705, εNd(t) ≈ +4 to +7). The crustal contamination and continental lithospheric mantle have also contributed significantly to the formation of the basic lavas of the Tianshan Carboniferous post-collisional rift. The silicic lavas were probably generated by partial melting of the crust. The data of this study show that spatial petrogeochemical variations exist in the Carboniferous post-collisional rift volcanics province in the Tianshan region. Occurrence of the thickest volcanics dominated by tholeiitic lavas may imply that the center of the mantle-melting anomaly (mantle plume) was in the eastern Tianshan area at that time. The basic volcanic magmas in the eastern Tianshan area were generated by a relatively high degree of partial melting of the mantle source around the spinel-garnet transition zone, whereas the alkaline basaltic lavas are of the dominant magma type in the western Tianshan area, which were generated by a low degree of partial melting of the mantle source within the stable garnet region, thus the basic lavas of the western Tianshan area might have resulted from relatively thick lithosphere and low geothermal gradient. 相似文献
62.
Hans-Eike Gbler 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1997,58(2-3)
Parts of the flood plains north of the Harz Mountains are contaminated with heavy metals, such as Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd derived from mining, which has been carried out in the Harz Mts. since the Middle Ages. It is important to know the mobility of the heavy metals in these overbank sediments in order to estimate the danger to the environment arising from this source. This paper deals with the effect of pH on heavy-metal mobility, using a constant-pH method. The investigations were carried out on an overbank sediment profile near Salzgitter Bad, north of the Harz Mts. The mobility of the heavy metals in the overbank sediment profile is described as a function of pH and depth. Besides the mobile heavy-metal fraction at a certain pH, the buffering capacity of the sediment at this pH must be taken into consideration. The different layers of the overbank sediment profile show distinct differences in buffering capacity and a natural pH harrier could be identified in the upper part of the profile. Therefore, to avoid increasing heavy-metal mobility the natural layering of the overbank sediment profile should not be disturbed. Two different kinds of desorption experiments at constant pH are also discussed, as well as the conversion of the heavy-metal species in the ore minerals into the species in the sediment. 相似文献
63.
天山泥石流灾害的形成条件和过程特点 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
泥石流是天山主要自然灾害之一, 天山泥石流按触发因素可以分为暴雨型泥石流和冰川型泥石流两类。目前天山泥石流主要对效能运输造成灾害在部分地点对厂矿企业和居民点造成灾害,天山泥石流的形成和发生有其特点,掌握其形条件和过程特点有利于减轻自然灾害。 相似文献
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大别山超高压石榴多硅白云母片岩中钻石U-Pb年龄 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大别山超高压石榴多硅白云母片岩中钻石U-Pb年龄刘晓春(中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081)李惠民,左义成(地质矿产部天津地质矿产研究所,天津300170)关键词石榴多硅白云母片岩,U-Ph年龄,早元古代表壳岩,印支期超高压变质,大别山高... 相似文献
66.
祁连山东部早古生代地层和沉积-构造演化 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
笔者报道了在祁连山东部开展早古生代地层和沉积一构造演化研究所获得的最新成果.在生物地层学方面,对祁连山东部寒武纪地层和动物群特征进行了系统的论述,对北祁连山奥陶纪等时地层格架、有关岩石地层单位的含义、时限及分布特征作了补充和修订。在沉积学方面,着重分析了祁连山东部早古生代各种沉积相及环境,特别是晚寒武世大陆裂谷发育中、晚期的火山一沉积环境.在上述基础上,运用板块构造理论提出祁连山东部早古生代沉积-构造演化的新认识.同时,该文亦描述了拉鸡山晚寒武世的4个三叶虫新属. 相似文献
67.
安徽省大别山南部宿松杂岩变质作用研究 总被引:7,自引:13,他引:7
宿松杂岩的变质作用可分为3个阶段:早期、主期和晚期阶段。主期阶段的矿物组合在云母片岩中为石榴石+多硅白云母+石英+磁铁矿±钠云母±绿帘石/黝帘石;在白云母钠长(二长)片岩和片麻岩中为石榴石+多硅白云母+钠长石+石英+绿帘石/黝帘石±冻蓝闪石;在石榴石钠长角闪岩中为石榴石+冻蓝闪石+钠长石+黝帘石+石英±钠云母±金红石/磁铁矿。根据多种地质温压计和变质反应可以推测主期变质条件为:T=520℃~580℃,P=1.2~1.4GPa,地热梯度为12℃/km,相当于高压过渡型。晚期阶段变质条件为:T=460℃~480℃,P=0.6~0.7GPa,为中压绿帘角闪岩相。宿松杂岩的变质条件介于其南部的蓝闪绿片岩相和北部的榴辉岩相之间,三者是扬子板块向华北板块之下俯冲到不同深度的产物。 相似文献
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云南省东北部拱王山第四纪冰川遗迹研究 总被引:7,自引:6,他引:7
云南省东北部的拱王山海拔3100m以上的山地发生过第四纪冰川作用,典型的冰川遗迹集中分布在轿子山峰附近和妖精塘-牛洞坪两个地区,遗存的冰川地貌主要有冰斗,冰蚀岩盆和侧碛堤。根据冰川地貌的组合特征,以及它们生成的先后顺序,将拱王山第四纪冰川作用划分为末次冰期的倒数第二期冰期。 相似文献