Environmental impact of the former Pb–Zn mining and smelting in East Belgium     

V. Cappuyns  R. Swennen  A. Vandamme  M. Niclaes 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,88(1-3):6

In the mining district of Plombières-La Calamine (East Belgium), extensive Pb–Zn mining activities resulted in an important contamination of overbank sediments along the Geul river. Moreover, a huge amount of heavy metals is stored in a dredged mine pond tailing, which is located along the river. In the dredged mine pond tailing sediments, Pb–Zn minerals control the solubility of Zn, Pb and Cd. Although Pb, Zn and Cd display a lower solubility in overbank sediments compared to the mine tailing pond sediments, elevated concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd are still found in the porewater of the overbank sediments. The considerable ‘actual’ and ‘potential’ mobility of Zn, Pb and Cd indicates that the mine pond tailing sediments and the overbank sediments downstream from the mine pond tailing represent a considerable threat for the environment. Besides the chemical remobilisation of metals from the sediments, the erosion of overbank sediments and the reworking of riverbed sediments act as a secondary source of pollution.  相似文献   

Magnitudes, spatial scales and processes of environmental antimony mobility from orogenic gold–antimony mineral deposits, Australasia     

P. M. Ashley  D. Craw  M. K. Tighe  N. J. Wilson 《Environmental Geology》2006,51(4):499-507

Antimony (Sb) is strongly concentrated into hydrothermal mineral deposits, commonly with gold, in metasedimentary sequences around the Pacific Rim. These deposits represent potential point sources for Sb in the downstream environment, particularly when mines are developed. This study documents the magnitude and scale of Sb mobility near some mineral deposits in Australia and New Zealand. Two examples of New Zealand historic mining areas demonstrate that natural groundwater dissolution of Sb from mineral deposits dominates the Sb load in drainage waters, with Sb concentrations between 3 and 24 μg/L in major streams. Mine-related discharges can exceed 200 μg/L Sb, but volumes are small. Sb flux in principal stream waters is ca 1–14 mg/s, compared to mine tunnel fluxes of ca 0.001 mg/s. Dissolved Sb is strongly attenuated near some mine tunnels by adsorption on to iron oxyhydroxide precipitates. Similar Sb mobilisation and attenuation processes are occurring downstream of the historic/active Hillgrove antimony–gold mine of New South Wales, Australia, but historic discharges of Sb-bearing debris has resulted in elevated Sb levels in stream sediments (ca 10–100⁺ mg/kg) and riparian plants (up to 100 mg/kg) for ca 300 km downstream. Dissolution of Sb from these sediments ensures that river waters have elevated Sb (ca 10–1,000 μg/L) over that distance. Total Sb flux reaching the Pacific Ocean from the Hillgrove area is ca 8 tonnes/year, of which 7 tonnes/year is particulate and 1 tonne/year is dissolved.  相似文献   

采矿引起的边坡倾倒滑移变形机理与变形安全性分析研究—以抚顺西露天矿边坡为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

申力  纪玉石  刘大勇  祖国林  刘晶辉 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2006,17(3):63-68

在矿山开发、水电建设过程中倾倒变形问题日渐突出。倾倒变形边坡一般具有反倾边坡结构,变形的过程和机理比较复杂、涉及的变形岩体范围较大、危害严重。论文以抚顺西露天矿边坡为例,通过岩体位移监测资料的跟踪分析、底面摩擦模拟试验,以岩体力学、松散介质力学原理为理论基础,探讨了采矿影响下边坡倾倒滑移体的变形机理,分析认为采矿引起的倾倒滑移变形问题是在特定的地质构造和采矿工程条件下产生的,并提出了岩体变形安全性分析方法。通过工程实例,验证了方法的实用性,并针对实际问题提出了变形整治对策。  相似文献   

淮北煤田芦岭井田二叠纪含煤岩系原生沉积构造序列与沉积环境     

李运山  魏尔林 《安徽地质》2002,12(1):29-34

通过对保留在沉积物中与水动力条件有密切联系的原生沉积构造的观察和研究,分析了淮北煤田芦岭井田二叠纪含煤岩系属于以河流作用为主的建设性三角洲沉积环境,阐明了根据原生沉积构造序列解释沉积环境的基本方法.  相似文献   

影响新生界"底含"发育的因素及含水层参数修正   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

许光泉  严家平  桂和荣 《煤田地质与勘探》2003,31(2):40-42

分析了“底含”发育的主要影响因素，并以祁东煤矿为例，利用地下水动力学方法重新计算了“底含”的有关参数，对以往抽水试验参数进行修正，并成功地运用到邻近矿井。该研究表明，在富水性较强的古河道发育位置，要合理留设防水煤岩柱，才能保证煤矿安全生产。  相似文献   

南昌市呼吸道和脑血管疾病与天气类型关系的初步分析     

喻迎春  刘熙明  雷桂莲  刘志萍 《气象与减灾研究》2003,26(2):40-42

使用南昌市4家大医院(江西医学院第二附属医院、江西省肺科医院、南昌市第一医院、南昌市中西医结合医院)1999年呼吸道和脑血管两大类常见疾病的住院病例数,挑选出发病高峰期,对照相应日期的天气图进行分析,发现夏季的低气压和其它季节的冷空气是诱发或加重呼吸道和脑血管疾病的主要因素,气温或气压的变化对疾病的诱发或加重具有一定的滞后性。  相似文献   

金川矿区露采边坡超基性岩体工程地质特性研究     

李毓瑞  吴芝兰 《工程地质学报》1997,5(4):323-329

超基性岩体在金川矿区露采边坡稳定性评价中占有重要地位, 它是整体边坡的支撑体。本文研究了该岩体的物质组成、赋存环境、物理力学性质、岩体结构特征等。在此基础上, 对超基性岩体质量进行了评价。  相似文献   

利用地质成果优化3010皮带上山设计     

邱尔强 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(Z1):89-90

3010皮带上 山 建成 后将 担 负着 范各 庄 矿三 水平 、四 水平 的 煤炭 运输 任 务,服务 年 限要 求 至 少 30a。 此 皮 带上山 位于 岩 溶陷 落柱 较 发育 的井 口 区域 ,范 各庄 矿 发现 的 12个 陷落 柱 全部 位于 此 区域 。由 于 陷落 柱直 接 导通 下部 奥 灰水 ,一 旦揭 露 将有 淹没 整 个矿 井的 危 险。为 保 证矿 井安 全 ,在 工程 施工 前 ,利用 地 质手 段对 设 计区 域进 行 了探 查,发现皮 带上 山 的中 上部 发 育有 岩溶 陷 落柱 ,两 次对 设 计进 行了 修 改,为 施 工提 供了 安 全保 障。  相似文献   

疏降地下水引起地面塌陷浅析--以淮南煤矿区为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

许光泉  沈慧珍 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004,15(4):64-68

以淮南西部矿区为例，介绍了该地区自20世纪60年代开采煤矿以来，由于疏降地下水，引起的地面塌陷。为了研究灰岩水动力场规律，先后在该区进行多时段、多水平放水试验。研究表明，覆盖粘土层、岩溶及人工疏降地下水，是该地区岩溶塌陷形成的基本条件。通过对粘土盖层性质、疏降地下水岩溶塌陷演化过程及塌陷机理与对应阶段过程综合分析，结合区域地质条件，掌握了塌陷点的分布规律。对目前西部地区塌陷“复活”、整治及未来城市规划，提出了建设性建议。  相似文献   

Water pollution in gold mining industry: a case study in Roşia Montană district, Romania     

R. M. Florea  A. I. Stoica  G. E. Baiulescu  P. Capotă 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(8):1132-1136

The preliminary study of streams and rivers from the Roşia Montană area revealed that the concntration of heavy metals— Cd, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Zn—are above accepted limits. The gold extraction method is based on flotation. The most important pollution sources are mine tailings. The determinations were performed for samples collected in: April 2004, July 2004, September 2004, November 2004, February 2005 and May 2005. The highest concentrations were found for cadmium in September 2004: 0.17 mg/L; for copper in September 2004: 1.38 mg/L; for manganese in July 2004: 239.4 mg/L; for lead in May 2005: 0.54 mg/L; and for zinc in September 2004: 35.37 mg/L;. This study involved three small rivers (streams) that flow into the Mureş River and finally into the Danube River, having a great impact on human health and environmental stability in the area. In May 2005, a sample of drinking water from the mining district was also collected.  相似文献