中原经济区干线公路路网通达性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

申怀飞  沈宁娟  林英豪  田庆久  刘琴琴 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(3)

利用GIS空间分析工具,选取最短时间矩阵、最短路径矩阵、路网密度及通达性系数等指标,对中原经济区干线公路路网通达性进行分析。结果表明:中原经济区公路总长度和高速公路长度逐年快速增加,国道和高速公路分别呈现出"四横五纵"和"米"字型布网。郑州、开封、许昌和新乡因优越的干线公路基础条件和中心地理位置,位居公路路网总距离和总时间排名的前列;运城市、蚌埠市和晋城市则因边缘效应而排名相对靠后。郑州和洛阳的交通中心地位明显,特别是郑州的中心地位更加突出,但以二者为中心交通运输最短时间分布状况欠佳,2 h圈内的城市数量较少。研究区总路网密度较高,区域内路网总容量较大,服务能力和辐射能力较强。高密度路网主要分布在中东部,低密度则分布在北部、西部和南部。高通达性城市主要分布在山东省和河南省,低通达性城市主要分布在河北省、山西省、安徽省及河南省部分省辖市,郑州市干线公路通达性最好,蚌埠市最差。自然地理位置、经济发展水平及交通建设资金投入是影响公路路网通达性的主要因素。  相似文献   

传承和发扬人文与经济地理学前辈的精神和知识体系——人文与经济地理学青年论坛综述     

陈明星  孙威  黄金川  钟林生 《地理学报》2018,73(4):784-786

2018年1月27-28日,人文与经济地理学青年论坛暨第二届中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室青年论坛在北京国家会议中心成功举办。论坛以“人文与经济地理学的传承与创新：青年学者的责任与行动”为主题,来自全国100余家高校和研究机构从事人文与经济地理学相关研究的青年学者370余人参会。这说明人文与经济地理学青年学者很活跃、有热情、有担当意识。青年学者要加强学习、传承和发扬人文与经济地理学前辈的精神和知识体系,迎接人文与经济地理学繁荣发展的新时代。  相似文献   

Bringing globalization to the countryside: Special Economic Zones in India          下载免费PDF全文

Mohammad Amir Anwar  Pádraig Carmody 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2016,37(2):121-138

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are important vectors of neoliberal globalization in India. Despite facing widespread resistance against the proposed land acquisition for these zones, they are still being promoted across the country. We argue that the wealth redistribution to the country's elites and the fractured resistance movements enable neoliberalism and its practices to grow in the countryside. Using a private sector SEZ in Gurgaon as a case study, this article explores how special economic zoning, as a neoliberal policy, has been implicated in the spatialized production of poverty. We also show that the main actors who promote neoliberalism in India (the state and the large‐scale urban private sector) have found a seemingly unlikely ally in rural India in the form of farmers with large landholdings, rural elites who are willing to let go of their land under certain conditions. The data for the article was collected in India in 2009–10.  相似文献   

Population dynamics, socioeconomic change and land colonization in northern Jordan, with special reference to the Badia Research and Development Project area     

Andrew Millington  Salem al-Hussein  Roderic Dutton 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》1999,19(4):1059

The paper reports on preliminary observations from northern Jordan aimed at testing the view that people migrate from areas of relatively high potential for cultivation to the marginal semi-arid/arid frontier because of social differentiation, political factors or environmental constraints. Cultivated areas have been mapped from multi-date remotely sensed imagery, a typology of fields in the area has been constructed, and their dynamics between 1972 and 1992 analysed. In addition, semi-structured interviews with farmers attempted to understand the reasoning behind village growth, changing farming systems and cultivation practices. The findings are discussed in the context of the area's demography and national and regional shifts in economic policy.  相似文献   

中国海岛县经济类型划分的研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

张耀光 《地理科学》1999,19(1):55-62

对我国１２个海岛县经济类型划分的研究,了解目前海岛县所处不同的经济结构演进阶段,为因岛制宜布局海岛的产业及经济发展过程中产业结构调整提供科学依据。采用海岛县三次产业结构的重心轨迹的变化,动态和定量的分析海岛县三次产业结构的演进过程,从而划分出海岛县经济类型。  相似文献   

退化土地的生态重建:社会工程途径   总被引：73，自引：5，他引：68  

蔡运龙  蒙吉军 《地理科学》1999,19(3):198-204

土地退化是全球环境变化的主要表现之一,而且与贫困问题互为因果。中国各地土地退化类型中,分布最广、影响最大的是土地沙漠化和土壤侵蚀,连片贫困人口也就分布于这些地区。在人口增长和自然资源需求增加的压力下,让退化土地自然恢复的思路已不切实际,必须通过社会投入对退化土地进行生态重建。重建要医治引起土地退化的经济和社会病根。还需要发达地区和欠发达地区的共同努力,因而是一种社会工程。其途径包括：从满足人民生存  相似文献   

番禺市农业结构的转变及其效果   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

匡耀求  谭建军  黄宁生 《热带地理》1999,19(2):147-153

单一化的经济不利于充分利用资源,而多元化的经济不利于高效利用资源。为了充分而高效利用资源,应该根据区域资源的实际状况确定合理的区域农业结构和专业化程度。１９８０年以来番禺市农业结构调整的效果表明,农业结构专业化程度降低的幅度越大,结构转变的效率越低,专业化程度降低的幅度越小,结构转变的效率就越高。区域农业发展的方向应该是在具有比较优势的行业专业化发展,在专业化基础上逐步实现规模化、基地化和农工贸一体化。  相似文献   

1990—2018年中巴经济走廊冰湖时空变化特征     

姚超  王欣  赵轩茹  魏俊锋  张勇 《冰川冻土》2020,42(1):33-42

中巴经济走廊是贯通南北丝路的关键枢纽。在全球变暖的背景下, 区域内冰川变化情况复杂, 部分冰川出现前进或跃动现象, 冰湖溃决的风险在不断上升, 进而威胁中巴经济走廊的建设与民生安全。基于1990—2018年Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像, 利用目视解译方法提取了中巴经济走廊3期冰湖编目数据, 并分析了28年来该区域内冰湖的总体变化趋势、 空间异质性以及成因。结果表明： 中巴经济走廊目前共发育有2 380个冰湖, 总面积为（131.76±19.08） km², 集中分布于喀喇昆仑山脉和喜马拉雅山脉; 1990—2018年期间, 冰湖总体面积扩张速度为0.48%·a^-1, 但各个山脉不同规模冰湖面积变化差异较大。中巴经济走廊在气温和降水的共同作用下, 区内冰湖面积呈扩张趋势, 同时气温和降水变化率的空间差异使得冰湖面积变化存在空间差异; 冰川的快速退缩增加了区内冰湖溃决的风险。  相似文献   

Challenges for New Zealand's individual transferable quota system: Processor consolidation,fisher exclusion, & Māori quota rights     

《Marine Policy》2017

This paper identifies three management initiatives in New Zealand's Individual Transferable Quota system that facilitated consolidation of the processing sector and limited market access for fishers, even those with quota rights. They are: (1) the placement of responsibility onto a Māori trust in 1992 and tribes (iwi) in 2004 to manage a limited amount of quota to benefit all Māori, fishers and non-fishers, which increased the use of quota as an investment asset; (2) the creation of Annual Catch Entitlement (ACE) as a fish access right separate from the quota ownership right, which made it possible to overcome consolidation limits by leasing ACE; (3) the 1997 Licensed Fish Receiver Act that made it illegal for fishers to sell fish off the boat without food safety certification. This account of the fishery policy environment in New Zealand explains why, despite owning significant portions of New Zealand's fishing quota, few Māori are fishing, processing, or selling fish caught by Māori quota.  相似文献   

Quantitative analysis for maritime delimitation: Reassessing the Bay of Bengal delimitation between Bangladesh and Myanmar     

《Marine Policy》2017

This article examines technical aspects of the maritime boundary dispute between Bangladesh and Myanmar (the ‘Bay of Bengal case’). This dispute was the first maritime delimitation determined by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS). The 2012 decision was also the first time that a maritime boundary for the seabed and subsoil of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the extended continental shelf (ECS) was determined by international adjudication. This was also therefore the first time that detailed technical quantification of seabed areas within the EEZ and ECS was needed for achieving an equitable division of these maritime zones in an international forum. Following review of the principles of maritime delimitation on which the ITLOS reached its determination, this article analyzes the legal status and delimitation effect of St. Martin's Island. Concerning the question of whether the legal regimes of the EEZ and continental shelf should be treated differently in a single delimitation line, although the ITLOS determined that the legal regimes should not be distinguished in the present case, a different approach is proposed for future cases. The article identifies how quantitative modelling can be used to achieve an equitable boundary and proposes a model to adjust provisional equidistance lines in accordance with the complex geophysical rules prescribed for the outer limits of the ECS in Article 76 of the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC).  相似文献