东太平洋海盆多金属结核生长历史的重建     

孙志国  韩昌甫 《台湾海峡》1997,16(1):43-49

依据多金属结核ＣＣＣ１４剖面上Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ的含量和有关的公式，本文计算该结核生长过程中瞬时生长速率和Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ的瞬时通量，并在结核中建立时间标尺，划分和对比结核生长阶段，重建结核ＣＣＣ１４８．７９３Ｍａ，Ｂ．Ｐ．以来的生长历史。研究结果表明，采用由铁、锰含量计算结核生长速率的公式，可详细了解结核生长过程，并能识别与提取强核中古海洋信息记录。  相似文献   

东太平洋中国多金属结核区锰结核样品中微生物群落结构的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶光斌  王风平  肖湘 《台湾海峡》2010,29(2):218-227

通过非培养手段研究了东太平洋中国多金属结核区ES0303站点锰结核样品中的微生物群落结构.细菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库的研究结果表明：结核内细菌种群结构复杂,微生物种类丰富且各种群丰度不一（61个OTUs）,其中变形杆菌类群为优势种群,占所有细菌克隆子比例的64%,且主要分布于β/γ-、α-和δ-等3类变形杆菌（Proteobacteria）亚群之中,占比分别为34%、18%和12%.此外还存在包括酸杆菌（Acidobacteria）,放线菌纲（Actinobacteria）,绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）,厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）,浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes）等在内的细菌类群的分布,克隆子比例依次为9%、7%、8%、2%和5%.古菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库的研究结果表明：古菌的群落结构单一（仅12个OTUs）,全部是由泉古菌海洋类群I（crenarchaeote marine group I,MGI）组成;其中MGI-η类群最为丰富,达到44%,而MGI-α、MGI-ζ和MGI-ε类群的克隆子比例分别为25%、18%和9%,另外还发现2个新的MGI分类类群.相关克隆子的数据库比对和系统发育树分析表明,并未发现已报道的直接参与铁锰氧化还原相关类群的存在,但它们大多数与来自多金属结核来源或深海来源的不可培养微生物具有较高的同源性.进一步的分析表明,锰结核内存在相当数量的氨氧化菌、硫酸盐还原菌、酸杆菌等能够改变pH值的细菌和古菌类群的存在,意味着它们可能在锰结核的形成过程中起到重要的作用.  相似文献   

应用FMI成像测井识别钙质结核及意义     

崔维平  杨玉卿 《海洋地质译丛》2010,(4):99-102

结核属于一种矿物集合体,对于查明所赋存沉积物的沉积环境、沉积特征及演化历史等方面有重要意义,以往对于露头中出现的结核研究较为成熟。而对于井下发育的结核,缺乏有效手段对其形态、形成阶段及数量进行全面认识,致使结核理论在地质分析应用中受到极大限制。充分利用FMI成像测井纵、横向分辨率高、井眼覆盖率高、图像清晰等特点,对珠江口盆地琼海凸起珠江组大量发育的钙质结核形态及形成阶段做了详细研究,为认识研究区沉积环境及演化规律起到积极意义,同时也证明FMI成像测井资料为识别井下地层中发育的结核提供了一种有效手段。  相似文献   

富钴结核粒径分形特征     

崔迎春  石学法  刘季花 《海洋湖沼通报》2008,(3)

利用分形理论,对我国在中、西太平洋国际海底区域获得富钴结核的粒径特征进行了研究.结果显示富钴结核的粒径具有分段分形的特点,计算得到了它们的各自的分维数,并对其意义进行了探讨.  相似文献   

Basin-scale seawater lead isotopic character and its geological evolution indicated by Fe-Mn deposits in the SCS     

Xiaoxia Tu  Chonghui Wang  Qunhui Yang  Benduo Zhu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(7):876-886

Abstract

The geochemical characteristics and Pb isotope variations in Fe-Mn deposits collected from the South China Sea (SCS) were studied in this paper. The mineralogical and chemical composition data indicate that the deposits are almost all hydrogenetic in origin. Compared with the Fe-Mn deposits in other oceans, the SCS Fe-Mn deposits have a significantly higher Pb content because of higher material supply in addition to a lower growth rate of the deposits. Pb isotope ratios in the surface of the SCS Fe-Mn deposits are relatively uniform, with a characteristic of relatively lower ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratio. The Pb isotopic compositions of the SCS Fe-Mn deposits are controlled by the Pacific Deep Water and local inputs, which include eolian dust from the Asian continent and weathering products from Taiwan, Luzon and SCS submarine volcanic rocks. The continuously increasing ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios along the transect of nodule D581 over the past 3.5?Ma are affected by the stepwise closure of the Luzon Strait that reduced volcanic material supply and the deep current strengthen at the same time.  相似文献   

Emplacement of xenolith nodules in the Kaupulehu lava flow,Hualalai Volcano,Hawaii     

J. E. Guest  P. D. Spudis  R. Greeley  G. J. Taylor  S. M. Baloga 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1995,57(3):179-184

The basaltic Kaupulehu 1800–1801 lava flow of Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii contains abundant ultramafix xenoliths. Many of these xenoliths occur as bedded layers of semi-rounded nodules, each thinly coated with a veneer (typically 1 mm thick) of lava. The nodule beds are analogous to cobble deposits of fluvial sedimentary systems. Although several mechanisms have been proposed for the formation of the nodule beds, it was found that, at more than one locality, the nodule beds are overbank levee deposits. The geological occurrence of the nodules, certain diagnostic aspects of the flow morphology and consideration of the inferred emplacement process indicate that the Kaupulehu flow had an exceptionally low viscosity on eruption and that the flow of the lava stream was extremely rapid, with flow velocities of at least 10 m s^-1 (more than 40 km h^-1). This flow is the youngest on Hualalai Volcano and future eruptions of a similar type would pose considerable hazard to life as well as property.  相似文献   

A Preliminary Study on the Preparation of Four Pacific Ocean Polymetallic Nodule and Sediment Reference Materials: GSPN-2, GSPN-3, GSMS-2 and GSMS-3   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Yimin Wang  Daihong Luo  Yushu Gao  Haowei Song  Jiaxi Li  Weiyue Chen  Yunye Teng  Shiguang Zhou 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1998,22(2):247-254

The research project for the preparation of two polymetallic nodule (GSPN-2, GSPN-3) and two marine sediment (GSMS-2, GSMS-3) reference materials was completed in 1996. The samples were collected from the Eastern and Central Pacific Ocean and prepared to less than 74 μm fine powder. The homogeneity of the materials was tested by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The relative standard deviations (RSD %) of measurements of selected elements in samples taken from thirty bottles selected at random were less than 0.5%. Thirty four laboratories worldwide participated in the collaborative analysis programme. The number of elements or constituents analysed was seventy nine for nodules and eighty one for sediments. Among those, sixty three elements were certified in each sample. The sum of major elements or components is 99.7% for GSPN-2, 99.5% for GSPN-3, 99.8% for GSMS-2 and 99.8% for GSMS-3.  相似文献   

答《关于深海锰结核中“纳米级超微生物化石”的思考和建议》一文   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林承毅  边立曾 《高校地质学报》1997,3(2):236-240

本文详细讨论了东太平洋深海锰矿结核中新发现的中华微放线菌和太平洋螺球孢菌究竟是不是超微结构，首先，它们是笔者根据形态，结构和元素成分作为超微生物化石进行鉴定的，其次，透射电子显微镜中可以清楚地区分出完整的微生物结构，包括菌丝，孢子，孢囊和菌落等，它们之间的尺寸比例也是适当的，此外，透射电子显微像还揭示，深海锰质叠层石的纹层就是这些超微生物韵律性生长的结果，与滨海叠层中的纹层十分相似，笔者认为，已知微生物的最小尺寸不能作为否定新发现的超微生物化石的依据。本文还讨论了超微生物化石的术语问题。  相似文献   

东太平洋海盆内多金属结核中的铁矿物          下载免费PDF全文

萧绪琦  郭立鹤 《岩石矿物学杂志》1997,16(3):255-259

东太平洋海盆内多金属结核中的铁矿物萧绪琦郭立鹤（中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所，北京１０００３７）１前言早在五十年代人们就已注意到，大洋多金属结核含铁量较高，由于结核中矿物颗粒细小，结晶程度低，使得铁矿物的确定很困难，通常称之为铁的氧化物和氢氧化物。在...  相似文献   

大洋多金属结核及深海沉积物标准物质研制工作简述   总被引：9，自引：10，他引：9  

王毅民  滕云业 《岩矿测试》1997,16(3):161-169

简要介绍了太平洋多金属结核及深海沉积物标准物质研制中的总体设计、样品加工、均匀性检验、多实验室合作分析、数据处理以及最佳值确定。重点讨论了标准物质均匀性的定量评价与表达及其相应的测量方法。  相似文献