A tool for ROV-based seabed friction measurement     

《Applied Ocean Research》2015

This paper describes a new device for measuring seabed sliding resistance in situ, and provides an associated interpretation procedure. The device is designed to use a work class ROV as a testing platform to allow measurements to be obtained without use of a specialized geotechnical survey platform. The measurements are to assist pipeline design or analysis of the sliding resistance of other on-bottom infrastructure such as anchor chains. The device has been trialled using three tools: a flat plate, a cylindrical pipe section and a length of chain. The tools are dragged axially along the seabed using the ROV thrusters or a separate hydraulic actuator. An interpretation technique has been developed to estimate the passive resistance mobilized by the faces of the tools to eliminate end effects and to account for shape effects such as wedging. Onshore-trial tests were performed in a bed of dry sand. The individual tools exhibited different overall coefficients of friction, but the back-analysis method yielded equal interface friction angles acting on all three devices, indicating internal consistency. The interface friction angle also matched shear box test results. These outcomes confirm the correct operation of the device in drained seabed conditions, and yield useful information on the sliding resistance of pipes and chains. In addition, the back-analysis method allows measurements from one shape of tool to be used to estimate the response of other objects.  相似文献   

应用实时定量PCR技术检测秦皇岛近岸海域褐潮原因种——抑食金球藻(Aureococcus anophagefferens)     

GUO Hao  LIU Yongjian  ZHANG Qi  YUAN Xiutang  ZHANG Weiwei  ZHANG Zhifeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(2):132-136

Aureococcus anophagefferens, a small pelagophyte algae, has caused brown tide blooms in coastal waters of Qinhuangdao in recent years, presenting significant negative impacts on the shellfish mariculture industry. Under standard light microscopy, it is visually indistinguishable from other small algae in field samples due to its extremely small size. In this study, quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR) based on 18 S r DNA sequences was developed and used to detect and enumerate A. anophagefferens. A linear regression(R2 = 0.91) was generated based on cycle thresholds value(Ct) versus known concentrations of A. anophagefferens. Twenty-two field samples collected in coastal waters of Qinhuangdao were subjected to DNA extraction and then analyzed using q PCR. Results showed that A. anophagefferens had a wide distribution in coastal waters along Qinhuangdao. Elevated A. anophagefferens abundance, category 3 brown tide blooms(200 000 cells/m L) occurred at Dongshan Beach and Tiger-stone Beach in August in 2013. In shellfish mariculture areas along coastal waters of Qinhuangdao, 4 stations had category 3 blooms, and 6 stations had category 2 blooms(35 000–200 000 cells/m L) in August and all stations had category 1 blooms(0 to ≤35 000 cells/m L) in October. Quantitative PCR allows for detection of A. anophagefferens cells at low levels in filed samples, which is essential to effective management and prediction of brown tide blooms.  相似文献   

Precious corals become more precious in the northwestern pacific: Urgent need for integrated policy     

《Marine Policy》2015

The limited precious coral (Coralliidae) resources in the Northwestern Pacific have been managed by Taiwan with a comprehensive management plan, by Japan with a strengthened set of management measures, and by China through the listing of such coral as a Category I national treasures. However, continuous increases in coral consumption and coral prices have stimulated overexploitation and poaching of the resource, and hence have undermined the effectiveness of these management schemes. This article discusses the current precious corals supply chain and suggests that the rise of China in purchasing substantial amounts of coral products was the underlying cause for overexploitation and poaching. Several gaps in the management schemes are also identified and discussed. The article finally concludes that there is an urgent need for establishing a cross-disciplinary integrated conservation policy and a regional management platform consisting of the three participating states to address all the relevant social and ecological issues.  相似文献   

Diagnosis of nervous necrosis virus in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides, by a rapid and convenient RT-PCR method     

MU Yinnan  LIN Kebing  CHEN Xinhu  AO Jingqun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(10):88-92

  相似文献   

基于细观力学的混凝土劈拉破坏率相关特性研究     

秦川  张楚汉 《岩土力学》2010,31(12):3771-3777

提出了一种高效的混凝土细观力学预处理方法,其中包括基于背景网格的骨料投放与细观三组分的识别;建立了颗粒离散元的混凝土细观力学模型。利用该模型对不同应变率下混凝土的劈拉试验进行了数值仿真,仿真结果显示出的混凝土动力强度提高的规律以及不同应变率下混凝土的破坏模式与试验结果吻合较好。研究表明,随着应变率的提高,混凝土破坏时产生更多弥散状分布的裂纹,同时有些裂纹穿过强度较高的骨料,导致混凝土在高应变率破坏过程中消耗更多的能量,是混凝土的动力强度提高的重要原因。此外,在高应变率下,力链产生更多的分叉,空间分布的不均匀性和随机性增加,因此,在高应变率下混凝土动力强度表现出更大的离散性。  相似文献   

粤港澳大湾区港口供应链优化研究          下载免费PDF全文

王圣 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(2):39-47

为充分发挥粤港澳大湾区港口的竞争优势,促进港口经济的协调发展,文章基于粤港澳大湾区主要港口的实际情况,构建供应链博弈模型并进行数值仿真,研究相关因素对深圳港和香港港绩效的影响。研究结果表明:随着商品价格和库存成本的提高,货物从深圳港向香港港转移,但转移幅度逐渐趋缓;深圳港在中低端商品的货源收集方面具有明显的竞争优势,而香港港对高端商品的吸引力更强;货运结构逐渐向中高端商品过渡对于提高港口收益具有促进作用,其中深圳港应通过降低商品库存成本而降低经营风险;深中通道和港珠澳大桥通车有效缩短腹地运输时间,对于绝大部分商品价格和库存成本组合都将提高粤港澳大湾区港口的总收益。  相似文献   

纽约时尚产业的空间组织演化及其动力机制     

孙莹  汪明峰 《世界地理研究》2014,(1):130-139

时尚产业作为后工业时代城市发展的新方向而备受瞩目。纽约是公认的全球时尚之都之一,在多方力量的共同推动下,从最初的"血汗工厂"发展至今,其中的经验值得借鉴和学习。产业的发展伴随其空间组织的演化,最终影响城市结构形态。本文对纽约时尚产业经历的四个发展阶段:成衣兴起阶段、产业集聚阶段、设计显露阶段、时尚进化阶段的产业形态和空间组织进行了归纳,并从政府、行业协会、企业和个人四个行为主体出发,探讨了这一过程的动力机制。最后还对中国城市的时尚产业发展提供了政策建议。  相似文献   

利用温度链对南海内波振幅的观测     

张本涛  陈维亮  陈标  王丹 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(7):24-28

内波的实测资料一般为走航或者浮标布站观测得到的一个关于时间和空间的大面资料,将此资料进行滤波后,进行简单的数值处理,即可得到内波的振幅。但是这种资料较少,布控站位难度较大,成本也较高,是一种不易获取的资料。本文利用的温度链资料是一种获取简单,成本也较低的实测资料。利用温度链资料基于内波带动水质点上下波动的物理过程,进行内波振幅的计算,将会有较大的适用性。  相似文献   

无震脊或海山链俯冲对超俯冲带处的地质效应   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

鄢全树  石学法 《海洋学报》2014,36(5):107-123

全球海底分布着众多的无震脊或海山链,且在太平洋、印度洋及大西洋均存在靠近俯冲带的海岭。除小安德列斯弧外的巴拉克达脊和蒂勃朗脊起源自转换断层外,一般认为它们由与板块构造动力学迥异的地幔柱动力学所形成的。在板块汇聚边缘处,与扩张脊处所形成的正常洋壳一起,无震脊或海山链俯冲于陆缘弧或洋内弧之下,其对弧及弧后地区的地质效应(构造、地貌、地震以及岩浆作用等)有别于正常洋壳俯冲。无震脊或海山链的俯冲通常造成俯冲带地区的上驮板块的局部异常抬升、俯冲剥蚀作用效应的加强、海沟的向陆迁移以及地震强度的增加。同时,无震脊或海山链俯冲时,其携带的具富集地球化学特征的物质不仅影响着地幔地球化学,也对弧及弧后火山熔岩化学产生明显影响,并对超俯冲地区的热液矿床的形成产生重要影响。最后,本文指出了我国有关无震脊或海山链俯冲的可能的研究方向包括黄岩海山链俯冲对吕宋岛弧的可能影响、印度洋无震脊俯冲对青藏高原局部地区的影响,有我国学者参与的IODP344航次的研究对象——科科斯脊俯冲对哥斯达黎加地震成因的效应以及位于西太平洋地区靠近俯冲带的一些无震脊等。  相似文献   

New Thoughts of Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Salt Lake Resources in Qinghai Province     

DU Guangwei 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):417-417

正Qinghai Province has unique salt lake resources in China characterized by multicomponent,big storage,multi types and easy exploitation.These salt lake resources are concentrated in Qaidam Basin.  相似文献