Mafic rocks spatially associated with Devonian felsic intrusions of the southern Lachlan Fold Belt: A possible mantle contribution to crustal evolution processes     

A. Soesoo  I. Nicholls 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):725-734

Devonian basaltic to andesitic dykes and compositionally similar plutons of the southern Lachlan Fold Belt are often temporally and spatially closely associated with large granitic complexes. Mafic intrusions play a major role in the transfer of heat into the continental crust, providing a thermal ‘engine’ which leads to crustal melting, and geochemical/isotopic evidence indicates that they contribute chemical constituents to the products of this melting. Studied mafic‐intermediate dykes in the southern Lachlan Fold Belt have tholeiitic to alkaline affinities and include groups with both high and low Ti and K. Several dyke generations may be associated with a single felsic complex. Primitive mantle‐normalised trace‐element abundance patterns with negative Nb and Ti anomalies for basaltic/andesitic and gabbroic/dioritic rocks as young as Early Devonian most resemble those of modern island arcs and suggest an influence of subduction on mantle magma sources. However, some Middle and Late Devonian mafic rocks are enriched in light rare‐earth elements and other incompatible elements, lack significant Nb anomalies, and confirm the change to continental‐rift extensional settings clearly indicated by Lachlan Fold Belt geology.  相似文献   

The contemporaneous emission of low-K and high-K trachybasalts and the role of the NE Rift during the 2002 eruptive event,Mt. Etna,Italy     

C. Ferlito  M. Coltorti  R. Cristofolini  P. P. Giacomoni 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2009,71(5):575-587

Mount Etna volcano erupted almost simultaneously on its northeastern and southern flanks between October 27 and November 3, 2002. The eruption on the northeastern flank lasted for 8 days, while on the southern flank it continued for 3 months. The northeastern flank eruption was characterized by the opening of a long eruptive fracture system between 2,900 and 1,900 m.a.s.l. A detailed survey indicates that the fractures’ direction shifted during the opening from N10W (at the NE Crater, 2,900 m) to N45E (at its lowest portion, 1,900 m) and that distinct magma groups were erupted at distinct fracture segments. Based on their petrological features, three distinct groups of rocks have been identified. The first group, high-potassium porphyritic (HKP), is made up of porphyritic lavas with a Porphyritic Index (P.I.) of 20–32 and K₂O content higher than 2 wt%. The second group is represented by lavas and tephra with low modal phenocryst abundance (P.I. < 20) named here oligo-phyric (low-phyric), and K₂O content higher than 2 wt% (HKO, high-potassium oligophyric). The third group, low-potassium oligophyric (LKO), consists of tephra with oligophyric texture (P.I. < 20) but K₂O content < 2 wt%. K-rich magmas (HKP and HKO) are similar to the magma erupted on the southern flank, and geochemical variations within these groups can be accounted for by a variable degree of fractionation from a single parent magma. The K-poor magma (LKO), erupted only in the upper segment of the fracture, cannot be placed on the same liquid line of descent of the HK groups, and it is similar to the magmas that fed the activity of Etna volcano prior to the eruption of 1971. This is the first time since then that a magma of this composition has been documented at Mt. Etna, thus providing a strong indication for the existence of distinct batches of magma whose rise and differentiation are independent from the main conduit system. The evolution of this eruption provides evidence that the NE Rift plays a very active role in the activity of Mt. Etna volcano, and that its extensional tectonics allows the intrusion and residence of magma bodies at various depths, which can therefore differentiate independently from the main open conduit system.  相似文献   

辽东古元古代造山带花岗片麻岩穹窿:热造山带典型构造样式   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张程  杨洪祥  冯嘉  刘俊来 《岩石学报》2019,35(9):2926-2942

中下地壳的底辟上升是地壳中物质运移和热传递的一种重要机制,由这种机制产生的一系列穹窿构造不仅为揭示区域构造环境和构造演化提供了重要的线索,而且还提供了一个了解地壳深部物质流动的窗口。辽东半岛的古元古代造山带内就发育有这样一套花岗片麻岩穹窿构造,为了深入理解这套花岗片麻岩穹窿的成因以及对造山带演化的影响,本文对其不同构造层次进行了详细的构造特点和变形演化研究。结果显示,典型的花岗片麻岩穹窿可分为三层结构:混合岩化的花岗岩内核、发育顺层韧性剪切带的幔部以及含大型构造透镜体的外壳。其中核部花岗岩塑性流动变形发育,并具有明显的交代现象。顺层韧性剪切带的变形环境由靠近岩体的角闪岩相到远离岩体的低绿片岩相,并且没有明显的退化变质特点,拉伸线理具有统一的NW-SE方向。根据年代学数据与区域构造分析,花岗片麻岩穹窿构造是在区域收缩体制下花岗岩底辟形成的产物,其出现标志着辽东古元古代造山带变为一个由垂向和横向对流作用为主导的热造山带。  相似文献   

皖北地区五河杂岩温压结构及年代学研究          下载免费PDF全文

王 娟石永红  宋传中曹 晟 刘 奇 庞晓克 《地质科学》2017,(2):487-505

蚌埠隆起位于华北克拉通南部,胶辽吉造山带的南端,主要由凤阳群和五河杂岩构成。五河杂岩的研究主要集中于年代学以及地球化学领域,其变质P-T 条件和地层剖面等研究相对较弱。本文试图从变质岩石学、构造地质学和锆石年代学角度构建朱顶-石门山一线的地壳剖面。通过大量的P-T 条件评价,确定了朱顶单元、庄子里单元和石门山单元之间的区别和界限,其中朱顶单元温压结果为低压麻粒岩相：T=720 ℃～840 ℃,P=0.90～1.33 GPa;庄子里单元温压结果同为低压麻粒岩相,但温度和压力均低于前者：T=700 ℃～820 ℃,P=0.50～0.90 GPa;石门山单元因岩性限制,仅用白云母Ti温度计拟合计算,结果为低压角闪岩相： T=610 ℃～700 ℃, P=0.30～0.50 GPa。锆石U-Pb 定年获得的变质年龄为2 413±22Ma,与前人研究结果基本一致。此外,庄子里地区岩体和磨盘山岩体的锆石U-Pb 年龄晚于2.5～2.4 Ga,因此应属于后期侵入岩,计算剖面厚度时要考虑岩体厚度的影响。研究区的岩层产状在45°～60°之间,按照两个极端值计算（不考虑岩体厚度）时获得地壳总厚度为16 km,结合3 条糜棱岩带的存在,其应属于中-上地壳的物质组成部分。朱顶-石门山一线的地壳剖面,自南向北,以白石山和磨盘山岩体为界,依次为上地壳、中-上地壳和下地壳,温压条件自南向北呈递增趋势。  相似文献   

中天山奎先达坂一带晚志留世侵入岩地球化学特征及构造意义     

杨洋  弓小平  赵雨航  孙乾龙  赵起  魏杰  王哲  凤骏 《新疆地质》2021,(1):38-46

中天山奎先达坂一带大量发育花岗质侵入岩,其中,晚志留世侵入岩位于研究区中部东侧,对其开展岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年研究,以探讨岩体成因类型、侵位时代及形成的构造背景,旨在对南天山洋盆俯冲时限,乃至中亚造山带构造演化提供新的科学依据.结果表明,奎先达坂一带晚志留世侵入岩为过铝质、高钾钙...  相似文献   

锆石形态的定量研究：福州花岗质复式岩体的成岩机制   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

汪相  吴楚霜 《岩石学报》1999,15(2):247-254

在浙闽粤沿海地区出露了一系列中生代的钙碱性－碱性侵入杂岩,其中福州花岗质复式岩体为该区最有代表性的岩体。本文试通过该岩体中早期原生锆石的大小与晶型的形态学研究,揭示这类侵入杂岩的岩石学特征及其成岩机制。锆石的形态学研究表明,钙碱性岩系中锆石群的晶体大小及晶型指数随岩体的定位次序而呈现连续变化的趋势,而碱性岩系中锆石群的形态的分布范围与钙碱性岩系的不连续,其Ｉｐｙ值远远大于钙碱性岩系锆石群的Ｉｐｙ值,它们代表了两个相对独立的成岩作用的产物。电子探针分析发现,福州花岗质复式岩体中锆石晶型的演化基本上是由其内部的微量元素含量控制的,表现为锆石的ＨｆＯ２含量越低,它的Ｉｐｒ值越高;而锆石的（ＴｈＯ２＋Ｙ２Ｏ３）含量越高,它的Ｉｐｙ值越高。锆石的形态学和微量元素地球化学特征表明,三个钙碱性岩体各自经历了非常相似的成岩过程,可能属于同一源区多阶段部分熔融作用的产物,而碱性岩体则来源于该区抽取了钙碱性花岗质岩浆以后残留物质再次部分熔融作用而分离出来的熔体,后者的形成显示了该区的构造背景已经由强烈挤压为主转化为引张、减压为主的造山期后的特征  相似文献   

A 100 m.y. record of volcanic arc evolution in Nicaragua     

Kennet E. Flores  Esteban Gazel 《Island Arc》2020,29(1)

The processes that result in arc magmas are critical to understanding element recycling in subduction zones, yet little is known about how these systems evolve with time. Nicaragua provides an opportunity to reconstruct the history of a volcanic arc since the Cretaceous. Here we present the stratigraphy of the Cretaceous–Eocene volcanic units in Nicaragua and their relationship to the different tectonic units where the arc developed. We discovered an evolution from an arc‐dominated by calc‐alkaline compositions in the Cretaceous–Eocene, to transitional compositions in the Oligocene–Miocene, to finally tholeiitic magmas common in the modern volcanic front. Our petrographic studies confirm that in the Cretaceous–Eocene the olivine + clinopyroxene cotectic was followed by clinopyroxene + plagioclase ± amphibole. Given the abundance of amphibole and the lack of this mineral in the modern volcanic front, the Cretaceous–Eocene Arc melts were likely more water‐rich than modern Nicaragua, suppressing the crystallization of plagioclase after olivine. We also found temporal changes in element ratios that are sensitive to variations in sediment input. The Cretaceous–Eocene Arc is characterized by a lower Ba/Th compared to the Oligocene–Miocene and modern volcanic front samples, suggesting that the sediment input was lower in Ba, possibly analogous to old deep siliceous sediment subducting in the western Pacific. Both U/Th and U/La are higher in the modern volcanics, reflecting higher U/Th in the subducting sediments following the 'Carbonate Crash'. Finally, we found that the orientation of the arc axis also changed, from northeast‐southwest in the Cretaceous–Eocene to northwest‐southeast after the Oligocene. This change probably records variations in the location of the subduction zone as this region shaped into its current geographic configuration.  相似文献   

Dunite channels within a harzburgite layer from the Horoman peridotite complex,Japan: Possible pathway for magmas     

Masako Yoshikawa  Kiyoaki Niida  David H. Green 《Island Arc》2019,28(1)

Two discordant dunite channels in a polished slab were collected from a harzburgite layer in the Horoman orogenic lherzolite massif, Hokkaido, Japan. The dunite channels show extreme grain‐size variations, and include very large olivine megacrysts up to 1.6 m long. Spinel‐rich pyroxenite veins or veinlets occasionally cross‐cut the olivine megacrysts. Mineral compositions differ between channels, and the mineral compositions and textures of the dunite channels and the host harzburgite suggest a replacive origin for the dunites. The Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of clinopyroxene separates from the pyroxenite veins in two dunite channels are different, but these ratios are generally similar to those of mid‐ocean ridge basalts. Assuming the channels formed by the through‐flow of melts, then the trace element compositions of the melts estimated from the clinopyroxenes are broadly similar. The melts have similar features such as enriched in incompatible elements and depleted in heavy rare earth elements, but there are differences in the depletions in Ti and Ba, indicating melts that were different but of similar origins. A Rb–Sr crystallization age (~ 52 Ma) was obtained for clinopyroxene–orthopyroxene pairs in a dunite channel and its host harzburgite. The distinctive dunite channels with megacrysts formed as a result of the through‐flow of mafic magma(s), and those magmas had trace and minor element contents that are indicative of contributions of a melt derived from subducted oceanic lithosphere.  相似文献   

内蒙古乌拉特前旗白云常合山岩体南接触带金矿成因及找矿远景     

郝通顺 《矿产与地质》1999,13(4):227-229

对白云常合山花岗岩体南接触带成矿地质条件,成矿规律的研究,指出该带是找金矿的有利靶区。  相似文献   

早前寒武纪克拉通内的叠瓦拼贴构造     

杨书桐  胡受奚 《国土资源》1993,(2)

从早期地幔热对流的动力学特点出发,针对早前寒武纪克拉通内的一些有争议的问题进行了解释;认为不少绿岩地块或地体之间,绿岩与花岗片麻岩之间并非是因垂直运动造成的原地不整合接触,而是因大规模水平运动产生的叠瓦拼贴,这一思想将会帮助我们重新认识克拉通区早前寒武纪地壳演化,并进一步指导填图和地层划分以及找矿工作。  相似文献