Sedimentogenesis cyclicity, stages, and phases in the development of the Late Silurian-Early Devonian biota in Northeast Asia     

V. V. Baranov 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2009,17(4):382-395

It is established that the Pridolian-Eifelian megacycle in Northeast Asia is represented by five macrocyclites. The analysis of fossils in Upper Silurian-Lower Devonian sections of the region reveals ten levels marked by large-scale reorganizations in the composition and structure of the biota in this basin. These levels are united in pairs by five maximums, which are characterized by the highest values of the taxonomic renewal coefficient, coincide with the boundaries of macrocyclites, and are traceable through the entire sedimentation basin.  相似文献   

混鱼龙（爬行动物：鱼龙类）在云南罗平中三叠统的发现   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈孝红  程龙 《地质学报》2009,83(9):1214-1220

本文首次报导和系统描述了在云南罗平中三叠统关岭组上部发现的混鱼龙Mixosaurus kuhnschnyderi Brimkmann, 1998,并与国内外同期地层中已知的混鱼龙种进行了比较。此外,还简单介绍了该鱼龙化石在云南罗平一带中三叠统发现的生物学、地层学和生物古地理分区意义。  相似文献   

十足目节肢动物化石在关岭生物群的发现     

黄金元  胡世学  文芠  张启跃  周长勇  谢韬 《地质通报》2017,36(8):1330-1333

云南罗平岔江新江底村发现的十足目节肢动物化石产出于三叠统卡尼阶小凹组,是十足目化石在关岭生物群的首次发现,也是此类化石在中国上三叠统中首次报道。此发现增加了关岭生物群的多样性,为今后在中国三叠纪其他特异埋藏化石库中寻找更多的十足目节肢动物化石提供了新的线索。  相似文献   

黄土高原沟壑区苹果基地退果还耕的生态水分效应   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

何福红  蒋卫国  黄明斌 《地理研究》2010,29(10):1863-1869

近年来,黄土高原沟壑区许多果园已经退化,需要重新退果还耕,但其生态水分效应尚不明了。以陕西长武县王东沟小流域典型果园为对象,选取了盛果期果园、退化果园和退果还耕等3种土地利用方式,分析1986、2002和2009年三期土壤水分数据,研究退化果园还耕的生态水分效应。结果表明:退化果园和退果还耕地的平均含水量和土壤储水量显著高于同期的盛果期果园。果园退化后废弃和退果还耕,土壤水分会得到部分恢复。当土地利用从盛果期果园变化为耕地后,在200~600cm土层,其土壤平均含水量(10.62%)显著高于盛果期果园(8.53%)。生物利用型土壤干层仍然是盛果期果园、退化果园和退果还耕地尚待急需解决的严重的生态问题。  相似文献   

晚中生代地球表层重大地质事件的陆地环境剧变与生物群演替响应   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

柳永清  旷红伟  姬书安  吕君昌  刘燕学  江小均  彭楠  陈铭培  李家华 《地学前缘》2009,16(5)

晚中生代时期华北东北部发育燕辽生物群、热河生物群和阜新生物群陆地生物群。它们的快速演变过程和华北克拉通上同时期发育的岩石圈减薄、大面积强烈岩浆活动、变质核杂岩及伴随的伸展盆地等地球表层重大地质事件并行发生,表现着地壳表层系统圈层间的相互作用和响应。生物群的繁盛与灭绝与地球表层大规模岩浆-火山活动(髫髻山组—张家口组和大北沟组—义县组)发育时代高度协同一致。地球表层重大地质事件直接或间接地控制或改造着地球表层古地理和古生态环境,生物群只得调整自身去适应环境和生态背景的改变。火山-岩浆活动改变着地质-生态环境,生物群都紧密联系多期次火山-岩浆活动,化石也都被埋葬在沉积-火山碎屑岩中。华北克拉通破坏重大地质事件发生响应于全球变化和统一地球表层系统。盆地沉积充填序列、特殊陆相环境沉积建造、特殊环境沉积物等记录了响应的古地理、古环境变化与响应。陆地生物群分布、演化、更替与精确定年,脊椎-无脊椎生物(化石)埋葬特征,生物演化速率、消长关系和生物群(组合)更替的形式和性质,以及脊椎动物骨骼、牙齿的常量、微量元素、H-B-C-N-O-S和C-O-Sr等地球化学特征的研究可以恢复和重建古地理、古生态环境和古生态系统。  相似文献   

Evaluating ecosystem-based management options: Effects of trawling in Torres Strait,Australia     

Nick Ellis  Francis Pantus  Andrzej Welna  Alan Butler 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

A suite of management options for a prawn trawl fishery in Torres Strait, Australia was assessed for impacts on the benthic fauna using a dynamic management strategy evaluation approach. The specification of the management options was gained through consultation with stakeholders. Data for the model was drawn from several sources: the fleet data from fishery logbooks and satellite vessel monitoring systems, benthic depletion rates from trawl-down experiments, benthic recovery rates from post-experiment recovery monitoring studies, and benthic distribution from large-scale benthic surveys. Although there were large uncertainties in the resulting indicators, robust measures relevant to management were obtained by taking ratios relative to the status quo. The management control with the biggest effect was total effort; reducing trawl effort always led to increases in benthic faunal density of up to 10%. Spatial closures had a smaller benefit of up to 2%. The effect of closing a set of buffer zones around reefs to trawling was indistinguishable from the status quo option. Closing a larger area, however, was largely beneficial especially for sea cucumbers. When the spatial distributions of fauna prior to fishing were accounted for, fauna with distributions positively correlated with effort improved relative to those negatively correlated. The reduction in prawn catch under effort reduction scenarios could be ameliorated by introducing temporal closures over the full-moon period.  相似文献   

Aeschnidiid nymphs from the Jehol biota (latest Jurassic–Early Cretaceous), China, with a discussion of the family Aeschnidiidae (Insecta, Odonata)     

Junfeng Zhang 《Cretaceous Research》1999,20(6):813

Undoubted fossil nymphs of the family Aeschnidiidae within the Aeschnidioidea of the Anisoptera, Odonata are identified and described and their phylogenetic relationship and bioecological characteristics are deduced. The nymphs discovered previously in China, Mongolia and Russia and considered to be aeschnidiids are, in fact, unrelated to this group. All nine Chinese species in six genera can be merged into one alone, Aeschnidium heishankowense. It is the first animal from the ‘Jehol biota’ of East Asia to be linked with the species known from the Lower Tithonian of Germany. The geological age of the oldest strata bearing the fossil nymphs is debatable; it could be latest Jurassic rather than Early Cretaceous.  相似文献   

辽宁黑山恐龙化石的发现及其地层意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

许坤  李瑜 《地层学杂志》1998,22(3):227-231

在辽宁省黑山县八道壕煤矿沙海组下部发现一颗恐龙牙齿化石,鉴定为Ａｓｉａｔｏｓａｕｒｕｓｓｐ．,时代属早白垩世,对我国北方热河生物群时代归属研究及侏罗系－白垩系界线的划分都具有重要意义。  相似文献   

贵州贞丰中三叠统关岭组中Chirotherium--原始爬行类足迹研究   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

吕洪波  章雨旭  肖加飞 《地质学报》2004,78(4):468-474

在贵州省贞丰县龙场镇和牛场镇两地中三叠统关岭组下段的泥质白云岩中保存有古老的爬行类--"手兽"的足迹化石--Chirotherium.该足迹为四足动物留下的行走轨迹,后足保存较完整,前足可见零星和不完整的趾痕.单个足迹由五个脚趾和后掌组成,由于其中的四个脚趾伸向前方而第五趾由后掌外侧横向伸出且向后弯曲,整个足迹看上去犹如人的手掌印痕.由前足脚印保存不完全可以判断,该造迹动物既可以四足行走又可以仅靠后足奔跑.龙场足迹点保存完整的后足脚印最大为长16cm,宽14cm,平均单步长70.2em,复步长为140cm;而牛场足迹点所见最大后足脚印长达25cm,宽17cm,平均单步长为52cm,复步长为98.5cm.笔者等参照国际上流行的计算方法,根据脚印长度和步长大小计算了两地造迹动物的臀高和行走速度:臀高大约0.64～1.0 m,估计身长可达2～3m,行走速度4～10km/h.考虑到造迹动物当时仅仅处于漫步和小跑状态,推测其奔跑速度可以达到20km/h以上.于欧洲、美洲等地发现的Chirotherium多数保存于三叠纪的红色砂泥岩层表面,其中多数岩层发育泥裂构造;还有些则保存于薄层碳酸盐岩层的表面,也多数发育泥裂构造.贞丰的两处足迹都保存于中三叠统关岭组下段发育泥裂构造的泥质白云岩表面,同样反映了当时炎热干旱的气候特点.在欧洲、南美洲、北美洲和亚洲的中国都发现了仅存于三叠纪的Chirotherium,说明这些地点在当时曾经属于同一个大陆,而且都处于干旱、炎热的低纬地区.由于该足迹点当时处于扬子古大陆南缘的台地上,而其东南侧则是著名的三叠纪南盘江复理石盆地,对该足迹的进一步研究有利于探讨台地和盆地的相变关系和生态差异,进而揭示盆地演化过程中与扬子板块的相互作用.  相似文献   

New Data of Macrofossils in the Ediacaran Wenghui Biota from Guizhou, South China     

WANG Ye  WANG Yue  DU Wei  WANG Xunlian 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(5):1611-1628

The abundance and diversity of macrofossils in the Ediacaran have attracted much attention. The upper Doushantuo macrobiotas in South China, including the Miaohe biota from Hubei and the Wenghui biota from Guizhou, are mainly preserved as the carbonaceous compressions and dominated by macroscopic algae and metazoans. Here, we describe 10 genera and 10 species (including 6 new genera and species) of macrofossils from the Wenghui biota. At present, the Wenghui biota yields macrofossils in more than 31 genera and 33 species, excluding those given no image and established on a few unascertained specimens. Based on the occurrence and distribution of macrofossils in both Miaohe and Wenghui areas, the middle-late Ediacaran (back shales of the upper Doushantuo Formation) in South China can be subdivided into two assemblage biozones in biostratigraphy: (i) the Protoconites–Linbotulitaenia–Eoandromeda–Anomalophton assemblage biozone characterized by abundant and diverse macrofossils and by the ranges of Protoconites, Linbotulitaenia and Anomalophton; and (ii) the Baculiphyca–Gesinella–Cucullus–Beltanelliformis assemblage biozone characterized by the acme of the longer macrofossils Baculiphyca and Gesinella, and by few shorter and discoidal macrofossils.  相似文献