全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2751篇 |
免费 | 312篇 |
国内免费 | 193篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 378篇 |
大气科学 | 175篇 |
地球物理 | 726篇 |
地质学 | 595篇 |
海洋学 | 148篇 |
天文学 | 9篇 |
综合类 | 163篇 |
自然地理 | 1062篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 8篇 |
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 105篇 |
2021年 | 166篇 |
2020年 | 153篇 |
2019年 | 143篇 |
2018年 | 114篇 |
2017年 | 136篇 |
2016年 | 119篇 |
2015年 | 107篇 |
2014年 | 160篇 |
2013年 | 258篇 |
2012年 | 107篇 |
2011年 | 136篇 |
2010年 | 82篇 |
2009年 | 144篇 |
2008年 | 136篇 |
2007年 | 134篇 |
2006年 | 147篇 |
2005年 | 120篇 |
2004年 | 90篇 |
2003年 | 101篇 |
2002年 | 73篇 |
2001年 | 77篇 |
2000年 | 65篇 |
1999年 | 42篇 |
1998年 | 36篇 |
1997年 | 49篇 |
1996年 | 35篇 |
1995年 | 34篇 |
1994年 | 19篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3256条查询结果,搜索用时 781 毫秒
71.
Nature can provide analogues for post‐mining landscapes in terms of landscape stability and also in terms of the rehabilitated structure ‘blending in’ with the surrounding undisturbed landscape. In soil‐mantled landscapes, hillslopes typically have a characteristic pro?le that has a convex upper hillslope pro?le with a concave pro?le lower down the slope. In this paper hillslope characteristic form is derived using the area–slope relationship from pre‐mining topography at two sites in Western Australia. Using this relationship, concave hillslope pro?les are constructed and compared to linear hillslopes in terms of sediment loss using the SIBERIA erosion model. It is found that concave hillslopes can reduce sediment loss by up to ?ve times that of linear slopes. Concave slopes can therefore provide an alternative method for the construction of post‐mining landscapes. An understanding of landscape geomorphological properties and the use of erosion models can greatly assist in the design of post‐mining landscapes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
72.
Use of Geomorphological Information in Indirect Landslide Susceptibility Assessment 总被引:31,自引:6,他引:31
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the importance of geomorphological expert knowledge in the generation of landslide susceptibility maps, using GIS supported indirect bivariate statistical analysis. For a test area in the Alpago region in Italy a dataset was generated at scale 1:5,000. Detailed geomorphological maps were generated, with legends at different levels of complexity. Other factor maps, that were considered relevant for the assessment of landslide susceptibility, were also collected, such as lithology, structural geology, surficial materials, slope classes, land use, distance from streams, roads and houses. The weights of evidence method was used to generate statistically derived weights for all classes of the factor maps. On the basis of these weights, the most relevant maps were selected for the combination into landslide susceptibility maps. Six different combinations of factor maps were evaluated, with varying geomorphological input. Success rates were used to classify the weight maps into three qualitative landslide susceptibility classes. The resulting six maps were compared with a direct susceptibility map, which was made by direct assignment of susceptibility classes in the field. The analysis indicated that the use of detailed geomorphological information in the bivariate statistical analysis raised the overall accuracy of the final susceptibility map considerably. However, even with the use of a detailed geomorphological factor map, the difference with the separately prepared direct susceptibility map is still significant, due to the generalisations that are inherent to the bivariate statistical analysis technique. 相似文献
73.
In accordance with Senegal’s decentralisation policy, important forest management tasks, including the right to allocate charcoal production rights, have been transferred to rural councils. This paper investigates the impact of these institutional reforms on charcoal production practices using the environmental entitlement framework developed by Leach et al. [Environmental entitlements: dynamics and institutions in community-based natural resource management. World Development 27 (2) (1999) 225]. The councils have not been able to turn their new endowments into entitlements because they lack sufficient strength and legitimacy. Informal institutions, notably the coalition between merchants, state agents and village chiefs, continue to run the charcoal business and are hardly affected by decentralisation efforts. Most rural people, especially those relying solely on agriculture for sustenance, do not benefit at all from the charcoal trade. They do suffer from the environmental costs it brings with it, however. Although tensions between pro-exploitation actors and pro-conservation actors are evident, the pro-exploitation actors’ firm grip on the informal institutions will probably lead to a prolonged subversion of the laws that seek to enhance local control and to sustain the forest. 相似文献
74.
75.
中国西部退耕还林(草)和沙漠化土地绿化的区域性气候效应 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
中国正在实施的西部大开发必将导致较大规模的土地利用和地表覆盖(LULC)变化,其中最重要的两类LULC变化是退耕还林(草)和沙漠化土地绿化工程。利用最新的全球地表特征资料数据库(GLCCD)识别以上两项生态建设工程的实施规模与范围,并以此更新了目前比较流行的区域气候模式的下边界条件,利用修正了的区域气候模式研究上述大规模LULC变化可能对中国区域性气候造成的影响。使用的卫星资源数据库是由美国地质测绘局(USGS)和Nebraska-Lincoln大学牵头,根据NOAA卫星的AVHRR资料、USGS掌握的高分辨率数字化地图,以及生态区划和植被分布等资料组建的。 相似文献
76.
77.
Zheng Feili Tang Keli Zhang Keli Cha Xuan Bai Hongying Northwest Institute of Soil Water Conservation CAS Ministry of Water Resources Yangling Shaanxi People''s Republic of China 《地理学报(英文版)》1997,(2)
Forlongtime,theproblemaboutnaturalerosionandartificiallyacceleratederosionisindispute.HistoricalgeographersconsiderthathumaninducedecoenvironmentaldestructionisaccountablefortheseveresoilerosionandecoenvironmentdeteriorationonLoessPlateau[7,8].Somegeolog… 相似文献
78.
79.
Martin Connors Alan R. Hildebrand Mark Pilkington Carlos Ortiz-Aleman Rene E. Chavez Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi Eduardo Graniel-Castro Alfredo Camara-Zi Juan Vasquez John F. Halpenny 《Geophysical Journal International》1996,127(3):F11-F14
The buried Chicxulub impact structure is marked by a dramatic ring of sinkholes (called cenotes if containing water), and adjacent less prominent partial rings, which have been shown to coincide with maxima in horizontal gravity gradients and a topographic depression. These observations, along with the discreteness and spacing of the features, suggest a formation mechanism involving faulting in the outer slump zone of the crater, which would thus have a diameter of approximately 180 km.
An opposing view, based primarily on the interpretation of gravity data, is that (he crater is much larger than the cenote ring implies. Given the association of the known cenote ring with faults, we here examine northern Yucatan for similar rings in gravity, surface features and elevation, which we might expect to be associated with outer concentric faults in the case of a larger, possibly multiring, structure.
No such outer rings have been found, although definite patterns are seen in the distribution of karst features outside the crater rim. We explain these patterns as resulting mainly from deformation related to the block fault zone that parallels tbe shelf edge of eastern Yucatan. 相似文献
An opposing view, based primarily on the interpretation of gravity data, is that (he crater is much larger than the cenote ring implies. Given the association of the known cenote ring with faults, we here examine northern Yucatan for similar rings in gravity, surface features and elevation, which we might expect to be associated with outer concentric faults in the case of a larger, possibly multiring, structure.
No such outer rings have been found, although definite patterns are seen in the distribution of karst features outside the crater rim. We explain these patterns as resulting mainly from deformation related to the block fault zone that parallels tbe shelf edge of eastern Yucatan. 相似文献
80.
Stanley W. Trimble 《Environmental Geology》1997,32(3):230-234
A significant proportion of stream sediment yield in North America comes from stream channel and bank erosion. One method
used for stream stabilization is the bank installation of timber and stone fish-shelter structures, but there is little evidence
for their potential effectiveness. Nine to nineteen years of precise survey data from Coon Creek, Wisconsin, however, show
that fish structures enhance sediment deposition along the stream and may retard lateral migration of channels. Such structures
have greater utility for sediment control when streams are eroding away a high bank and replacing it with a lower bank.
Received: 18 October 1996 · Accepted: 4 February 1997 相似文献