Sequences and genesis of the Yellow River terraces from Sanmen Gorge to Kouma     

SU Huai  WANG Junping  PAN Baotian  MING Qingzhong  LI Qiong 《地理学报》2009,19(3):351-358

Based on field landscape investigations, thermoluminescence (TL), magnetostratigraphy and loess-paleosol sequence, we found that there are at least four Yellow River terraces, whose ages are 0.86 Ma, 0.62 Ma, 0.13 Ma and 0.05 Ma, in Yuxi Fault-Uplift (from Sanmen Gorge to Mengjin) and at least three Yellow River terraces, whose ages are 1.24 Ma, 0.25 Ma and 0.05 Ma, in Huabei Fault Depression (from Mengjin to Kouma). All the terraces have a similar structure that several meters of paleosols directly develop on the top of fluvial silt. It shows that the Yellow River incised and consequently abandoned floodplain converted to terrace during the interglacial period. Therefore, there may be a link between the formation of terraces and glacial-interglacial climatic cycles. However, the differences in the Yellow River terrace sequences and ages between Yuxi Fault-Uplift and Huabei Fault Depression indicate that the surface uplift should play an important role in the formation of these terraces.  相似文献   

230Th/U chronology of a paleolithic site at Xinglong Cave in the three-Gorge region of south China     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2014

Xinglong Cave, containing four human teeth, numerous mammalian fossils, stone artifacts and a Stegodon tusk with intentional and seemingly grouped engravings, is one of the most significant archaic Homo sapiens sites in south China, located 95 km south of Fengjie County, in Chongqing. In an attempt to constrain the age of the human relics, calcitic flowstone deposits with a significant detrital component were dated by U–Th methods using a leachate scheme. Total sample digestion MC-ICPMS dating was used to assess the reliability of the leachate technique. Six calcite samples from horizons beneath and above the fossil-bearing layer were dated. We obtained ages of 130 ± 9.1, 124 ± 11, 135 ± 12 and 127 ± 11 ka for the flowstones above the fossil layer with a weighted mean of 128.9 ± 5.2 ka. Two flowstone samples gave MC-ICPMS dates between 128.3 ± 3.3 and 152.4 ± 25.3 ka with an assumed detrital component to correct for the initial ²³⁰Th, which are consistent with results obtained using the L/L regression data from layer U-4 within uncertainty. All errors herein quoted at the 2σ level. Ages determined for the flowstone underlying the fossil-bearing layer were 221 ± 29 to 189 ± 19 ka with a weighted mean age of 199 ± 16 ka. These results are stratigraphically consistent within error limits and show that the cave was occupied by Fengjie Man within the time range of ∼200 to ∼130 ka. These new U-series ages of flowstones in association with human teeth and an engraved stegodon tusk at the Xinglong Cave site provide valuable geochronologic information for the study of the origin of modern humans in East Asia and earliest human art.  相似文献   

青藏高原东北缘酒泉盆地的演化特征与宽台山-黑山断裂的性质   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

朱利东  王成善  郑荣才  李秀华  冉波  汪满福  刘永昌  李奋其  刘红军 《地质通报》2005,24(9):837-840

宽台山-黑山断裂位于酒泉盆地的北侧，向西与阿尔金走滑断裂相交，其北部为花海-金塔盆地。对酒泉地区白垩纪沉积盆地的研究和对比发现，虽然当时盆地多为断陷盆地，均受东西向伸展构造控制，但宽台山-黑山断裂两侧的盆地具有不同的基底性质和沉积岩石学特征。酒泉盆地、昌马盆地和北祁连褶皱带内的白垩系具有相同的早古生代褶皱基底，并发育有热水喷流沉积和玄武岩夹层，北祁连北缘断裂在白垩纪时尚未开始活动；花海-金塔盆地为前长城系深变质基底，盆地内不发育热水喷流沉积。宽台山-黑山断裂是青藏高原东北缘重要的岩石圈剪切断裂，控制了其南北两侧白垩纪盆地的沉积-构造演化。  相似文献   

山西平陆黄河阶地与古三门湖消亡、黄河贯通三门峡时代问题的探讨          下载免费PDF全文

季军良  郑洪波  李盛华  黄湘通 《第四纪研究》2006,26(4):665-672

山西平陆黄底沟入三门峡水库北侧发育了一级湖滨阶地(T₃)和两级河流阶地(T₂和T₁)。阶地上覆黄土地层野外划分和室内磁化率测试结果与蓝田段家坡黄土地层的对比结果表明,T₃上覆黄土地层最底部为古土壤层S₂;T₂最底部为黄土层L₂中弱发育古土壤层L_2-2;T₁最底部为马兰黄土L₁中弱发育古土壤层L_1-4。根据黄土-古土壤年代序列及光释光(OSL)年龄测试结果,T₃,T₂和T₁阶地分别于245kaB.P. ,149kaB.P.和50kaB.P. 前形成。其中,T₃和T₂阶地的形成时间,分别代表了山西平陆古三门湖开始消亡和最老黄河阶地形成的年代。古三门湖消亡与黄河贯通三门峡的时代是否一致,有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

The search for uranium in 'nuclear-free' New Zealand: Prospecting on the West Coast, 1940s to 1970s     

Rebecca Priestley 《New Zealand geographer》2006,62(2):121-134

Abstract:  In a government search for uranium in 1944–1946, uneconomic deposits of radioactive minerals were found concentrated in dredge tailings on the West Coast. In 1954 a new search was initiated, leading to the 1955 discovery of uranium in the Buller Gorge. In the 25-year investigation programme that followed, prospectors were assisted by staff from the Mines Department and the Geological Survey and were funded by grants from the New Zealand and UK governments. The prospecting continued unchallenged by the media or peace or environmental movements until 1979 when it ended for economic rather than philosophical reasons.  相似文献   

川东观音峡背斜地区地下水水化学分类研究     

谯乾峰  许模  敬正凯  陈星  张艳梅  Ye Xian 《地下水》2014,(1):50-52

地下水化学特征合理的分类有利于更好地认识区域水文地质条件。本文通过采用spss聚类分析软件对观音峡背斜区地下水水化学特征进行分类研究。当并类距离取2时,将研究区所取水样分为5类,研究区地下水化学特征主要表现：岩溶水化学类型主要为HCO3＆#183;SO4- Ca或SO4＆#183;HCO3-Ca型水,碎屑岩裂隙水化学类型则主要为HCO3＆#183;SO4-Ca＆#183;Mg型水。  相似文献   

三峡库区不同地貌区土壤元素分布特征   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

唐将  李勇  付绍红  邓富银  雷家立  张茂忠 《山地学报》2005,23(2):136-143

利用土壤表层样分析成果,探讨三峡库区不同地貌区土壤中Ca、P、B等43个常量元素及微量元素的分布特征,结果表明：三峡库区重庆段八个地貌分区可明显划分为两个地球化学分区,一区为河谷平原、侵蚀剥蚀台地、丘陵、低山及中山地貌地球化学分区;二区为褶皱抬升低山、中山及喀斯特地貌地球化学分区,两区的土壤元素含量差异明显,除常量元素K2O、SiO2、Ba、MgO、P、Zr及微量元素Sr、La外,一区土壤中其他元素含量总体上均远低于二区土壤中的含量,其差异总体上是地质背景差异的体现,母岩岩性是土壤元素的主要控制因素。在同类母岩条件下,地貌对土壤中元素分布具有明显影响。不同地貌区的土壤营养元素聚类既有共性也有个性,喀斯特地貌区元素聚为五类;褶皱抬升中山、低山区聚类结果基本一致,均为四类;侵蚀剥蚀中山区多数元素较分散,分异强烈,总体上聚为四类,但第四类各元素间距离较远;侵蚀剥蚀低山与丘陵区元素聚类总体上相近,均为五类,但内部存在分异;侵蚀剥蚀台地则聚为三大类。土壤中的某些特征矿物元素如Fe2O3、Mn、Cu、Zn组合,N、org．C组合在各个地貌区均聚为一类;而某些元素如Cl等在不同地貌条件下分别与MgO、CaO或与Na2O聚类,体现元素在不同地貌条件下的分布特征差异。  相似文献   

Assessing paraglacial processes at Nexpayantla Gorge (Popocatépetl volcano,Central Mexico) using OSL and 14C     

E. Muñoz-Salinas  M. Castillo  O. Franco-Ramos  J.L. Arce  D.C.W. Sanderson  A.C. Cresswell 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(11):2450-2462

We evaluate the paraglacial activity in Nexpayantla, a subtropical mountainous gorge in Popocatépetl volcano (Central Mexico), fully deglaciated in the 20th century. Glacial advances are evidenced by the presence of moraines. Fluvio-glacial terraces and an alluvial megafan resulted from the gorge deglaciation. Current reworking of the glacigenic material is done by landslides and debris flows produced on the moraines and terraces. To study the different phases of mobilization of glacigenic sediment, we used an approach based on the study of the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals obtained from a portable OSL (POSL) reader in samples extracted from both glacigenic and paraglacial deposits. The luminescence (POSL) results obtained at moraines increase as altitude decreases, which is expected for deglaciated valleys where the oldest moraines are located at lower elevations. We evaluate the grade of luminescence signal reset of the glacigenic sediments during the proglacial stage, and the subsequent deglaciation phases. Our results indicate that there is a marked transition between glacial and fluvially dominated processes at Nexpayantla Gorge. We find that the grade of luminescence signal resetting in the paraglacial deposits is a good indicator to trace paraglacial stages and the beginning of exhaustion of the paraglacial activity in mountain areas. OSL ages confirm that the oldest fluvio-glacial terraces found at the middle sector of Nexpayantla Gorge are ~2 ka, which is also supported by an AMS ¹⁴C age. OSL dating was found challenging, since quartz grains have low sensitivity because of their volcanic origin; POSL signals, however, are in good agreement with the location and distribution of geomorphic markers. We propose that luminescence data obtained from the POSL unit can be useful to provide information about sediment mobilization in paraglacial environments during different climatic pulses – even for the case where mineral grains have low sensitivity, such as in volcanic sediments. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献