地统计学方法在土壤学中的应用   总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24  

谭万能  李志安  邹碧  丁永祯 《热带地理》2005,25(4):307-311

地统计学目前在土壤科学中得到广泛的应用和发展,成为认识土壤特征的一个重要工具.地统计学的空间变异函数和克里格插值等方法是土壤性状分析的主要手段,空间变异函数主要用于描述土壤理化性状空间变异特性,不同的插值方法可优化田间试验设计和田间采样方案,克里格插值方法则特别适用于未测量点土壤属性值的估测等.近年插值方法又被广泛应用于确定区域土壤环境容量和土壤质量标准,随机模拟则用于对土壤特性进行不确定性估计等.因而,地统计学方法对我国大量土壤学资料的整合与分析具有极大的应用前景.  相似文献   

基于垂直剖面函数的天顶对流层延迟插值算法     

徐康  邓兴升 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(1):66-70

通过分析由ERA-Interim气象再分析资料积分方法得到的天顶对流层总延迟随高程变化的规律,提出一种基于垂直剖面函数的天顶对流层延迟(ZTD)插值算法。该算法以ZTD的垂直分布规律为基础,通过垂直剖面函数实现ZTD在高程方向上的精准投影延拓,可以避免因高差较大造成的空间内插结构畸形。采用IGS站提供的高精度对流层产品进行实验验证表明,该算法相对于传统算法能够有效提高ZTD改正值的精度,尤其在高差超过1 km的情况下,相对于反距离加权法精度提升了96%,相对于空间回归法精度提升了79%。  相似文献   

Integrating ASTER and GLASS broadband emissivity products using a multi-resolution Kalman filter     

Linpeng Shi  Shunlin Liang  Quan Zhang 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2016,9(11):1098-1116

In this study, the multi-resolution Kalman filter (MKF) algorithm, which can handle multi-resolution problems with high computational efficiency, was used to blend two emissivity products: the Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) (BBE) product and the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) narrowband emissivity (NBE) product. The ASTER NBE product was first converted into a BBE product. A new detrending method was used to transfer the BBEs into a process suitable for the MKF. The new detrending method was superior to the two existing methods. Finally, both the de-trended GLASS and ASTER BBE products were incorporated into the MKF framework to obtain the optimal estimation at each scale. Field measurements collected in North America were used to validate the integrated BBEs. Visually, the fusion map showed good continuity, with the exception of the border areas, and the quality of the fusion map was better than that of the original maps. The validation results indicate that the MKF improved the BBE product accuracy at the coarse scale. In addition, the MKF was capable of recovering missing pixels at a finer scale.  相似文献   

中国地面气温统计降尺度预报方法研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

陈国华  郭品文 《大气科学学报》2016,39(4):569-575

利用中国752个基本、基准地面气象观测站2000—2010年地面温度日值数据,采用具有自适应特征的Kalman滤波类型的递减平均统计降尺度技术,对中国地面温度进行精细化预报研究。分析该方案的降尺度效果,并与常用插值降尺度方法进行比较。结果表明:1)递减平均统计降尺度技术相比插值方法有较大的提高,显著减小东西部预报效果差异,1~3 d预报的均方根误差减小了1.4℃;2)该方案1~3 d预报的均方根误差为1.5℃,预报误差从东南地区(均方根误差为1.4℃)向西北地区(均方根误差为1.8℃)逐渐增大,并且预报效果夏季优于冬季。因此,递减平均统计降尺度技术对中国地面温度进行精细化预报是可行的。  相似文献   

基于规则格网的DEM插值实验     

张一帆  王青山 《测绘工程》2016,25(2)

通过地形建模,将6个地形隶属函数按照101×101,112×112,126×126,144×144,168×168,201×201,257×257 7种格网密度生成6种局部地形单元的规则格网DEM;使用反距离加权(IDW)等7种插值算法,将前6种格网密度下的DEM插值成257×257规格;从原始257×257DEM中随机抽取检查点计算残差,并对残差中误差进行分析。通过分组插值实验,运用控制变量法、方差分析等方法研究地貌类型、采样密度和插值算法对DEM插值精度的影响。  相似文献   

平行轮廓线自适应插值的三维表面重构算法     

孟耀伟  孙毅中 《测绘科学》2016,41(5):121-126

针对稀疏点轮廓线在三维表面重构中存在的不够光滑、匹配易出错和难以交互等问题,提出了基于轮廓线插值的三维表面重构方法,并通过实验进行验证。文章分析了三维表面重构的形式化表达方法和准则,提出了基于虚跨距解决稀疏点轮廓线三维重构的基本思想;基于同步前进算法和虚跨距,设计了自适应等比例插值的同步前进三角面镶嵌算法;针对轮廓线插值违背三角表面重构拓扑准则的规律进行了分析,提出了相应的修正算法,保证了三角网的拓扑一致性。试验结果表明:本算法所构建的三角网表面更为光滑,各个三角面的大小更为均匀,具有更好的鲁棒性和交互性,对稀疏和稠密坐标点的轮廓线均能构建出更为理想的三维表面模型。  相似文献   

抗差估计的多波束测深数据内插方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张志伟  暴景阳  肖付民 《测绘科学》2016,41(10):14-18

针对传统多波束测深数据网格化内插方法抗差性不足的问题,该文将抗差估计理论应用于网格化内插方法中。基于不确定度指标建立了距离不确定度联合加权内插模型,在该模型的权函数中引入了等价权,同时给出了等价权设计方案及迭代初值确定原则,以增强模型的抗差性;介绍了一种节点邻域参考点合理选取方法,给出了改进内插法实现的基本步骤,最后通过实测数据对反距离加权法、联合加权法及改进方法内插水深质量进行比较。结果表明,改进方法内插结果要优于另外两种方法,可应用于多波束测深数据网格化处理中。  相似文献   

Dasymetric Spatiotemporal Interpolation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jeremy Mennis 《The Professional geographer》2016,68(1):92-102

This research applies the principles of dasymetric mapping to spatiotemporal interpolation by extending the spatial concepts of zone and area to their temporal analogs of interval and duration, respectively. An example application of dasymetric spatiotemporal interpolation using crime event data is presented. Results indicate that dasymetric spatiotemporal interpolation significantly improves the accuracy of estimates over areal or duration weighting. In addition, even when dasymetric interpolation in either the spatial or temporal dimension is relatively weak, combining dasymetric estimation in both space and time dimensions simultaneously has the potential to amplify the accuracy of the overall dasymetric estimation.  相似文献   

Hybrid N-order Lagrangian Interpolation Eulerian?Lagrangian Method for Salinity Calculation     

吴炎成  朱首贤  周林  游小宝  张文静 《海洋工程》2016,(2):283-295

The Eulerian?Lagrangian method (ELM) has been used by many ocean models as the solution of the advection equation, but the numerical error caused by interpolation imposes restriction on its accuracy. In the present study, hybrid N-order Lagrangian interpolation ELM (LiELM) is put forward in which the N-order Lagrangian interpolation is used at first, then the lower order Lagrangian interpolation is applied in the points where the interpolation results are abnormally higher or lower. The calculation results of a step-shaped salinity advection model are analyzed, which show that higher order (N=3?8) LiELM can reduce the mean numerical error of salinity calculation, but the numerical oscillation error is still significant. Even number order LiELM makes larger numerical oscillation error than its adjacent odd number order LiELM. Hybrid N-order LiELM can remove numerical oscillation, and it significantly reduces the mean numerical error when N is even and the current is in fixed direction, while it makes less effect on mean numerical error when N is odd or the current direction changes periodically. Hybrid odd number order LiELM makes less mean numerical error than its adjacent even number order LiELM when the current is in the fixed direction, while the mean numerical error decreases as N increases when the current direction changes periodically, so odd number of N may be better for application. Among various types of Hybrid N-order LiELM, the scheme reducing N-order directly to 1st-order may be the optimal for synthetic selection of accuracy and computational efficiency.  相似文献   

基于非均质地层参数表征的颗粒流模型构建          下载免费PDF全文

夏余宏烨  孙平贺  伍新民  盛汉洋  王心龙  张绍和 《探矿工程》2021,48(S1):52-60

非均质地层参数的获取与表征方法是浅层地质体改造的重要依据。基于非均质地层的地质建模,表征具有随机不确定性和模糊不确定性的土体表观参数和物理力学参数。利用 Weibull 分布统计描述局部地层信息,并应用Diamond-Square分形插值方法,结合差分盒子维计算非均质地层分形维数,进一步合理演算整体地层参数。采用PFC3D数值模拟软件,结合马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛方法采样数据,对非均质地层块石颗粒及土颗粒进行建模。通过非均质地层模拟结果,发现其破坏过程与应力应变曲线要比均质土体复杂得多,由于块石大颗粒的含量、分布特性对土样力学性质影响显著。本文建模方法有助于非均质地层参数表征研究。  相似文献